Pericope book of Henry III.

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King Henry III in coronation regalia with scepter and imperial orb, two abbots and his entourage lead across a floodplain ; on the opposite side Maiestas Domini (fol. 3 v / 4 r )
Empress Gisela entering the church (fol. 3 r ). The similarities to the picture overleaf of King Henry III are striking, such as the accompaniment by two abbots as well as the Schollengrund. Gisela is thus recognizable as part of her son's royal procession and, like him, is represented with the appearance of the Maiestas as standing in divine grace.

The Pericope Book of Henry III. , also Evangelistar Heinrich III. , Echternach Pericope Book , Echternach Evangelistar or Codex Bremensis called, is a commissioned by Emperor Heinrich III. probably 1039-1043 in the monastery Echternach resulting Ottonian manuscript as a Perikopenbuchs ( Pericopes ). It is one of the main works of Ottonian book illumination and is now in the State and University Library of Bremen under the signature Ms. b. 21 kept.

Provenance

Where the manuscript of the death of Heinrich III. until the 16th century is unclear. With a copy on fol. 1 r is known to Rabordus Meghes as the previous owner. With the monogram H. MG on fol. 2 r is the Swiss bibliophile Melchior Goldast von Haiminsfeld as the owner. He spent his library in Bremen during the Thirty Years' War . In 1646 the Bremen council acquired the library. In the second half of the 17th century the manuscript was in private ownership in Bremen, and since the beginning of the 18th century in the Bibliotheca Bremensis , the nucleus of the Bremen State and University Library.

description

The codex in the format 19.4 × 14.7 cm comprises 127 parchment leaves distributed over 16 layers and is almost completely written by a single scribe, presumably with a thornwood ink containing iron vitriol - at least not, as previously assumed, with purple ink . In recognition Headings are for the names of the parties or high-strength , pericopes , as well as the beginnings of Sentences - here capital letters in uncial , Capitalis quadrata and Capitalis rustica - gold letters, for the initials largely Capitalis rustica and Uncialis . The otherwise unusual, detailed image titles and contents in hexameter form also contained in the other Echternach Codices are striking .

The manuscript contains 38 full-page miniatures in the format 14.5 × 11 cm as well as thirteen other miniatures with the width of the writing space and varying heights from 6 to 11 cm; There are also five decorative initial pages and three decorative text pages on a colored background. Probably the best-known depiction of the Evangelistary can be found in the depiction of the Echternach scriptorium (fol. 124 v ), the penultimate miniature of the manuscript, followed only by the dedication image (fol. 125 r ) with Henry enthroned.

Lulax , Folium , Minium , Cenobrium , Ogra , Saffron , Membrana , Lead Yellow , Terra Viride , Viride Hispanicum and Succus were used as colorants for writing and illustrations .

classification

The Evangelistary belongs to a series of eleven magnificent manuscripts that are still preserved today, which were created between 1028 and 1060 in the Echternach monastery:

  • Sacramentary Darmstadt, University and State Library Darmstadt , Hs. 1946, after 1028
  • Gospels Codex aureus Epternacensis , also called Codex Gothanus , Germanisches Nationalmuseum Nürnberg, Hs. 156142, around 1030
  • Gospels for Luxeuil, Bibliothèque nationale Paris, Nouv. acq. 2196, around 1040
  • Evangelistar for a Stephanuskirche, Bibliothèque royale Brussels, Ms. 9428, about the same time as Bremensis, maybe a little later
  • Epistolar and evangelist from the Trier Cathedral, Diocesan Archives Trier, Ms. 434, based on the Bremen and Brussels evangelists
  • Speyer Gospels , Escorial Madrid, cod. Vitrinas 17, around 1045/46
  • Gospel book Codex Caesareus Upsaliensis , also Codex Caesareus Goslariensis , Uppsala University Library, Cod. C. 93, between 1051 and 1056
  • Gospels, British Library London, Ms. Harley 2821, after 1050 (?)
  • Gospels, Bibliothèque nationale Paris, Ms. lat. 10438, around 1060
  • Gospels, British Library London, Ms. Egerton 608, after 1060.

literature

  • Joachim M. Plotzek : The Pericope Book of Heinrich III. in Bremen and his position within the Echternach book painting. Dissertation, Cologne 1970.
  • Gerhard Knoll (Ed.): Evangelistar Heinrichs III. Ms. b. 21 of the University Library Bremen. Facsimile and commentary volume, Reichert, Wiesbaden 1993. Facsimile: ISBN 978-3-88226-115-8 . Commentary: ISBN 978-3-88226-589-7 .
  • Gerhard Knoll (Ed.): The Echternach Evangelistar Emperor Heinrich III. State and University Library Bremen Ms. b. 21. Reichert, Wiesbaden 1995, ISBN 978-3-88226-837-9 .
  • Gerhard Knoll: Wanderings and Changes - To the Echternach Evangelistar Emperor Heinrich III. In: Bremisches Jahrbuch 78, 1999, pp. 169–189 ( full text ).
  • Irene Stahl (Hrsg.): Catalog of the medieval manuscripts of the State and University Library Bremen (= The manuscripts of the State and University Library Bremen. Vol. 1). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 978-3-447-04798-2 , pp. 111-116 ( full text ).

Web links

Commons : Pericopes of Henry III.  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ Gerhard Knoll: History of the Evangelistar Heinrich III. In the S. (Ed.): The Echternach Evangelistar Emperor Heinrich III. State and University Library Bremen Ms. b. 21. pp. 27-33, here pp. 30-31.
  2. ↑ Gerhard Knoll: Description of the Codex. In the S. (Ed.): The Echternach Evangelistar Emperor Heinrich III. State and University Library Bremen Ms. b. 21. pp. 34–40, here p. 34.
  3. ↑ Gerhard Knoll: Description of the Codex. In the S. (Ed.): The Echternach Evangelistar Emperor Heinrich III. State and University Library Bremen Ms. b. 21. pp. 34–40, here p. 36.
  4. ↑ Gerhard Knoll: Description of the Codex. In the S. (Ed.): The Echternach Evangelistar Emperor Heinrich III. State and University Library Bremen Ms. b. 21. pp. 34–40, here p. 37.
  5. ↑ Cf. Irene Stahl (Hrsg.): Catalog of the medieval manuscripts of the State and University Library Bremen. Pp. 111-112; for the miniatures in detail cf. Elisabeth Dickmann: The description of the pictures in the Evangelistar Heinrichs III. In: Gerhard Knoll (Ed.): The Echternach Evangelistar Emperor Heinrich III. State and University Library Bremen Ms. b. 21. pp. 49-107.
  6. ↑ Cf. Gerhard Knoll: Painting and writing materials of the Codex. In the S. (Ed.): The Echternach Evangelistar Emperor Heinrich III. State and University Library Bremen Ms. b. 21. pp. 41-46.
  7. ^ Gerhard Knoll: History of the Evangelistar Heinrich III. In the S. (Ed.): The Echternach Evangelistar Emperor Heinrich III. State and University Library Bremen Ms. b. 21. pp. 27–33, here pp. 27–28.