Peter Schreiner (chemist)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Peter Richard Schreiner (born November 17, 1965 in Nuremberg ) is a German chemist ( organic chemistry ) who is a professor at the Justus Liebig University in Giessen (JLU) and director of the Institute for Organic Chemistry.

Career

Schreiner studied at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , where he received his diploma in 1992 (with Paul von Ragué Schleyer as well as his doctorate) and his doctorate in organic chemistry in 1994 . He also received his PhD in Computational Chemistry from the University of Georgia at Athens under Henry F. Schaefer III, and in 1991 he received a master's degree there (with Richard Hill ). From 1996 to 1999 he was a Liebig scholarship holder at the University of Göttingen , where he qualified as a professor in 1999 with Armin de Meijere . He received the ADUC Prize for his habilitation. From 1999 to 2002 he was an associate professor in organic chemistry at the University of Georgia. Since 2002 he has been Professor of Organic Chemistry at the University of Gießen (as successor to Günther Maier ). From 2012 to 2015 he was Vice President for Research and Promotion of Young Scientists at the University of Giessen. He turned down calls for a professorship for sustainable synthetic organic chemistry in Göttingen (2013) and as director for Green Chemical Futures at Monash University (2012). From 2006 to 2009 he was Dean of the Faculty of Biology and Chemistry. From 2011 he was a member of the Senate of the University of Giessen. In 2012 he became vice president of the university.

He was visiting professor at the Lorand Eötvös University in Budapest, at the Technion in Haifa, at the University of Bordeaux and at Stanford University.

plant

He is concerned with organocatalysis (including thioureas and oligopeptides ), nanodiamonds ( diamondoids ) for example in organic electronics, matrix isolation of reactive intermediates such as carbenes and computer chemistry. He discovered the mechanism of tunnel control of reactions and showed its spread and was able to establish a third driving force of chemical reactions in addition to thermodynamic (energetically most favorable) and kinetic control (lowest barrier) (published in Science 2011). He was able to demonstrate the reaction based on the quantum mechanical tunneling effect in methylhydroxycarbene (and exclude thermodynamic or kinetic control). In 2017 he demonstrated compliant -specific tunneling (and an exception to the Curtin-Hammett principle ).

He is one of the pioneers of organocatalysis, in which metal-containing catalysts are replaced by more environmentally friendly, tailor-made organic catalysts ( green chemistry ).

Schreiner found a way of integrating nanodiamonds, which occur naturally in natural gas and petroleum but have dimensions in the nano range, into a coating and thus making them usable. They are used as catalysts, in electronics and as drugs against Alzheimer's. In 1997 he introduced thiourea organocatalysis.

Memberships, editorship and honors

Schreiner has been a member of the Leopoldina since 2013 . In 2015 he was elected to the North Rhine-Westphalian Academy of Sciences and Arts , and in 2017 to the Academy of Sciences and Literature . He is an honorary member of the Polish and Israel Chemical Societies. In 2003 he received the Dirac Medal of the World Association of Theoretical and Computational Chemists and the Science Prize of the German Technion Society. For 2017 he was awarded the Adolf von Baeyer Memorial Medal by the Society of German Chemists (GDCh). In 2020, Schreiner will receive the Academy Award from the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities (BBAW).

From 1995 to 1996 he was project coordinator of the Encyclopedia of Computational Chemistry (Wiley, first 1998). Since 2011 he has been Associate Editor of the Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry , since 2000 Editor of the Journal of Computational Chemistry and since 2008 Chief Editor of WIRES-Computational Molecular Sciences . From 2011 to 2013 he was head of the Association of German University Professors (ADUC).

Furthermore, Peter Schreiner is the current President of the GDCh.

Fonts (selection)

  • with Alexander Wittkopp: H-bonding additives act like Lewis acid catalysts , Organic Letters , Volume 4, 2002, pp. 217-220
  • with Andrey A. Fokin: Selective alkane transformations via radicals and radical cations: Insights into the activation step from experiment and theory , Chemical Reviews , Volume 102, 2002, pp. 1551-1594
  • with Alexander Wittkopp: Metal-Free, Noncovalent Catalysis of Diels – Alder Reactions by Neutral Hydrogen Bond Donors in Organic Solvents and in Water , Chemistry - A European Journal , Volume 9, 2003, pp. 407-414
  • Metal-free organocatalysis through explicit hydrogen bonding interactions, Chemical Society Reviews, Volume 32, 2003, pp. 289-296
  • with Matthew D Wodrich, Clémence Corminboeuf, Andrey A Fokin, P. von Ragué Schleyer: How accurate are DFT treatments of organic energies? , Organic Letters, Volume 9, 2007, pp. 1851-1864
  • with H. Schwertfeger, AA Fokin: Diamonds are a chemist's best friend: diamondoid chemistry beyond adamantane , Angewandte Chemie , Int. Ed., Vol. 47, 2008, pp. 1022-1036
  • with others: Capture of hydroxymethylene and its fast disappearance through tunneling , Nature, Volume 453, 2008, pp. 906-909
  • with Zhiguo Zhang: (Thio) urea organocatalysis — What can be learned from anion recognition? , Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 38, 2009, pp. 1187-1198
  • with Hartmut Schwertfeger: Diamantoide. Chemistry with Nanojuwelen , Chemistry in Our Time , Volume 44, 2010, pp. 248-253
  • with Hans Peter Reisenauer, David Ley, Dennis Gerbig, Chia-Hua Wu, Wesley D. Allen: Methylhydroxycarbene: Tunneling Control of a Chemical Reaction , Science, Volume 332, 2011, pp. 1300-1303
  • with David Ley, Dennis Gerbig: Tunneling control of chemical reactions: the organic chemist's perspective , Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry , Volume 10, 2012, H. 19, p. 3781
  • with Raffael C. Wende: Evolution of asymmetric organocatalysis: multi-and retrocatalysi s, Green Chemistry, Volume 14, 2012, pp. 1821-1849
  • Editor with; Wesley D. Allen, Modesto Orozco, Walter Thiel , Peter Willett: Computational Molecular Science, several volumes, Wiley, 2014
  • with Fokin u. a .: The functionalization of nanodiamonds (diamondoids) as a key parameter of their easily controlled self-assembly in micro- and nanocrystals from the vapor phase , Nanoscale, Volume 7, 2014, pp. 1956–1962
  • with Artur Mardyukov, Henrik Quanz: Conformer-specific hydrogen atom tunneling in trifluoromethylhydroxycarbene , Nature Chemistry, Volume 9, 2017, pp. 71-76, abstract

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Title of the dissertation: Theoretical investigations of substitution reactions in selected systems: Solvolysis reactions and the electrophilic substitution of hydrocarbons .
  2. ↑ IDW Online
  3. ^ Peter R. Schreiner, Hans Peter Reisenauer, David Ley, Dennis Gerbig, Chia-Hua Wu, Wesley D. Allen: Methylhydroxycarbene: Tunneling Control of a Chemical Reaction, Science, Volume 332, 2011, pp 1300-1303 Abstract
  4. ↑ Quantum mechanics overrides established chemical reaction principle , University of Giessen, September 2016.
  5. ↑ Member entry by Prof. Dr. Peter R. Schreiner (with picture) at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on June 6, 2016.
  6. ↑ Member entry by Peter R. Schreiner at the Academy of Sciences and Literature Mainz , accessed on November 6, 2017
  7. ↑ 2020 Academy Award from the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities for Prof. Peter R. Schreiner. Retrieved January 28, 2020 .
  8. ↑ GDCh Presidents | Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker eV Accessed March 26, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Carpenter, Peter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schreiner, Peter R.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist
DATE OF BIRTH November 17, 1965
PLACE OF BIRTH Nuremberg