Petermannia cirrosa
| Petermannia cirrosa | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Petermanniaceae | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Petermannia | ||||||||||||
| F. Garbage. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Petermannia cirrosa | ||||||||||||
| F. Garbage. |
Petermannia is the only plant species from the family of Petermanniaceae in the order of the lily-like (Liliales). The liana plant is only found in a small area in Eastern Australia. It is named after the German geographer and cartographer August Heinrich Petermann .
description
Petermannia cirrosa is a perennial plant and reaches a height of up to 6 meters. The parts above ground grow out of scale- leaved rhizomes . It is a liana and climbs by means of terminal leaf tendrils, which are opposite to the leaf due to the subsequent growth of the stem axis from the leaf axil and reach a length of 5 to 15 centimeters. The woody stems are studded with thorns. The plant contains crystal sand in all parts .
The alternate, stalked to almost sessile leaves are smooth, shiny, simple, entire and lanceolate to ovate or elliptical, tapering to a point and have a length of 3.5 to 10 and a width of 1 to 4 centimeters. The leaf stalks are 3 to 5 millimeters long and thick.
The small flowers are in panicles 5 to 10 centimeters long , the flower stalks are only weakly pronounced. The perianth is made up of six free and almost identical, 5 to 7 millimeters long, white or reddish-green and bent back bracts in two leaf circles. The six stamens are not overgrown and arranged in two circles, the pollen grains are spread individually, are 43 to 47 micrometers long, inverted ovoid and sulcat. There is a stylus and a scar , the latter is thickened and wet. Hoverflies act as pollinators .
The ovary is subordinate, the fruit is a round, fleshy, smooth and bright red berry when ripe with a diameter of 10 to 15 millimeters and contains fifteen to one hundred dark brown seeds.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 10.
distribution
Petermannia cirrosa is endemic to cooler rainforests on the central east coast of Australia, in the borderlands of Queensland and New South Wales north of the Hastings Range , where it occurs in subtropical to tropical conditions. It is rare.
Systematics
The Petermanniaceae family is the sister taxon to a clade of incalilary plants , Luzuriagaceae and timeless plants . Older studies had understood them as part of the timeless plants, stinging bindweed plants or Philesiaceae .
Paleobotany
In 1994 John G. Conran first described Petermanniopsis angleseaënsis on the basis of a leaf fossil measuring around 8 × 5 centimeters from the Upper Eocene and provisionally placed it as a sister taxon in the family of Petermannia .
proof
- Peter F. Stevens: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 7, May 2006, accessed March 1, 2008, (online)
- L. Watson, MJ Dallwitz: The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. 1992 ff., Accessed: March 1, 2008. (online)
- GJ Harden: Petermannia cirrosa F. Muell. In: New South Wales Flora Online, accessed March 1, 2008, (online)
Individual evidence
Most of the information in this article has been taken from the sources given under references; the following sources are also cited:
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
- ↑ a b c d Klaus Kubitzki: Petermanniaceae. In: Klaus Kubitzki (Ed.): The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume 3, 1998, ISBN 3-540-64060-6 , p. 407.
- ^ John G. Conran, David C. Christophel, Leonie Scriven: Petermanniopsis angleseaensis Gen. & Sp. Nov .: An Australian Fossil Net- Veined Monocotyledon from Eocene Victoria. In: International Journal of Plant Sciences. Vol. 155, no. 6, 1994, pp. 816-827.