Petrikirche (Kulmbach)
The Evangelical Lutheran Petrikirche is probably the oldest church in Kulmbach in Upper Franconia . It is a Gothic , three-aisled church on the castle hill of the Plassenburg .
history
The first mention of a priest “Luitpold from Culminaha” in Kulmbach took place in 1174. Due to the structure of the settlement at that time, he may have worked in the Petrikirche. 1285 the canon to gave Bamberg the Klosterlangheim the patronage over the church. On January 31, 1430, the Hussite storm broke into the town and the church was destroyed along with the town. This is reminiscent of a Latin inscription on the southern choir pillar, which says that the reconstruction began on June 8, 1439. The Reformation was introduced in Kulmbach in 1528.
The church was destroyed again during the siege in 1553 during the Federal State War , probably also because it had been converted into a fortified church with the tower as a cannon platform . It burned out, and the following year the vault collapsed. It was only rebuilt in 1559 using the remains. The tower was built in 1568 and a barrel vault was installed in the nave in 1643. Between 1878 and 1880 the building was thoroughly renovated with the aim of restoring its late Gothic appearance. The old Gothic stone pulpit was removed (now in the museum on the Plassenburg) and the nave was given a cross vault, the interior was purified, which also meant that some works of art were lost. A planned increase in the tower failed due to lack of funds.
architecture
The Petrikirche is a stately hall church of the late Gothic, which is made of stone masonry. The exterior shows a high base. The buttresses of the choir are provided with water hammer and figurative niches above, while the buttresses of the nave are kept simple. The north portal is ogival with bar profiles on the wall and neo-Gothic tympanum , on the south portal there are royal busts, figures, animals and crabs on the central valley as well as angels and masks on the column capitals. The west tower is provided with tracery friezes and a curly pointed helmet. The squat portal vestibule contains a portal with a figure of St. Peter on a leaf wreath console and a canopy around 1450. Two sacristies are built into the corners of the choir, the southern one is modern. Inside the church is a spacious three-aisled hall church with five bays, whose ribbed vaults, pillars, upper wall services and gallery were supplemented in a neo-Gothic style. The strongly drawn-in, three-aisled choir with two bays ends in a five-eighth end . It is closed with a star vault on services. Pointed-arched windows with rich tracery , some with fish bubble motifs , illuminate the interior.
Furnishing
The early baroque altar was created by Johann Brenck and Hans Georg Schlehendorn on behalf of Margrave Christian in the years 1650–1653. In the predella , the donor is shown on the right. The font is from 1880; the alabaster reliefs by Brenck and Schlehendorn from 1647 have been reused. It depicts the adoration of the shepherds , circumcision , baptism and Jesus as a child friend . A crucifix was created by Brenck and Schlehendorn in 1649. Several paintings from the 16th and 17th centuries have been preserved. A triptych from 1644 by Friedrich Schmidt is located above the sacristy door.
Several grave monuments are attached to the outside of the choir, including the one for Georg Wolf von Laineck and his wife († 1644) with full figures of the deceased in high relief and in an architectural setting. The epitaphs of pastor Peter Otto (1610–1688) and his wife Margarethe nee Lussovius (1603–1685) with half-figures of the deceased in medallions were probably created by Elias Räntz .
Epitaph Peter Otto (1688)
Epitaph Margarethe Otto b. Lussovius (1685)
organ
The organ was built in 2000 by the organ builder Rieger (Austria). The instrument has 50 stops on three manuals and a pedal .
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- Coupling: I / II, III / II, III / I, I / P, II / P, III / P
Others
Presumably there was a rocky corridor to the Langheimer Amtshof, some of which is still accessible from the Amtshof.
literature
- Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria I. The administrative districts of Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia and Lower Franconia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-422-03051-4 , pp. 552–554.
- August Gebeßler : City and district of Kulmbach (= Bavarian art monuments . Volume 3 ). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1958, DNB 451450973 , p. 7-11 .
Web links
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 50 ° 6 ′ 21.8 ″ N , 11 ° 27 ′ 42.4 ″ E