Parish Church of the Assumption of Mary (Jona)
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The parish church Maria Himmelfahrt is a Roman Catholic church in Jona , a district of the Swiss municipality of Rapperswil-Jona in the canton of St. Gallen .
location
The parish church is located in the center of Jona on the river of the same name on a striking rock about 12 meters high.
History of the Parish of the Assumption of Mary
The faithful of the former court community of the Rapperswilers were looked after by the large parish of Busskirch until the construction of the parish church , and the beguines from the surrounding monastic communities of Wyden , Aufembüel and Grüenwald, who lived in the dense forests of the Herrenwald , helped with the poor and sick care and kept vigil. In Jona itself there has always been a small branch church of Busskirch on the church hill . The Barfüsserkloster Zürich was responsible for church services and pastoral care for the Beguine's monasteries and the Canons' Monastery in Zurzach for pastoral care in Jona. In the year 1310 Konrad Wyss served as head of the collegiate chapter of Zurzach and as pastor in charge of Jona, and presumably priests from other parishes in Jona may have held services from time to time. On April 22, 1310, Count Rudolf von Habsburg-Laufenburg donated a benefice for Jona in memory of his wife Elisabeth von Rapperswil, who died in 1309 . A priest was paid with it to celebrate Holy Mass every Sunday and public holiday and to administer the sacraments for the residents of the court community. In connection with the obligation to live in Rapperswil, he had to read the daily morning mass during the week in the parish church of Rapperswil . That is why this foundation was popularly known as “ Frühmesspfrund ”. Jona was thus added to the parish of Rapperswil, and the pastor of Jona lived in the old town of Rapperswil until it was finally replaced in 1819 . But for the courtiers this meant the beginning of regular pastoral care in their own parish. Dominik Rothenflue, chronicler and pastor in Jona, listed a complete list of priests in his chronicle 400 years later. In 1340 a noblewoman made a generous donation to expand the beneficiary income, and so the church was renewed and enlarged twice in the course of the following 200 years. Together with St. Valentine of Raetia , Our Lady was especially venerated.
When Huldrych Zwingli introduced the Reformation in Zurich in 1519 , his ideas also met with approval in Rapperswil and especially among the courtiers, but the council of Rapperswil insisted on the Catholic faith. On August 15, 1531, the day the church was consecrated , the region experienced an iconoclast: fanatics desecrated the church in Jona, the parish church in Rapperswil and the church in Kempraten , and the statue of the 'miraculous' Madonna was smashed and burned. After the victory of the Catholics at Kappel, the old faith was reintroduced in the entire Rapperswil area, many “new believers” fled, whoever stayed had to renounce the Zwinglian faith and pay the so-called “heretic guilders”. The church in Jonah was repaired by replacing the damage to all who had participated in the iconoclasm. Rapperswil donated the high altar with a picture of the Assumption of the Virgin.
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The parish church experienced a second looting and desecration during the siege of Rapperswil (1656) by the Zurich troops, recorded by Dominik Rothenflue in his chronicle with a drawing. Thanks to the help of friendly towns and cities, the damage caused by this winter of war was quickly repaired, and a new statue of the Madonna found space in the church.
Napoleonic soldiers brought the ideals of the French Revolution to Lake Zurich in 1798 - the rule of the “ gracious gentlemen ” came to a swift end, and the former courtiers united to form the independent community of Jona. In ecclesiastical life, on the other hand, the old rulership relationships remained: Rapperswil continued to exercise the right of collature , and the pastor was obliged to live in the city. It was not until 1819 that an " agreement between the city of Rapperswil and the parish of Jona " determined that the pastoral office was replaced by the " Frühmesspfrund " and the pastor was allowed to live near his church. Rapperswil paid a quarter of the costs for the new parsonage, the rest was paid by the parishioners and the two clergymen, the new pastor and the Rapperswiler Frühmesser . In 1822 Pastor Josef Valentin Helbling was able to move into his new rectory. But the dispute over financial obligations (ownership of the Sigristenhof, ransom from the Frühmesspfrund) continued for another 30 years.
With the rapidly growing industrialization along the Jona and the Stadtbach , in particular through the Brändlin spinning mill with its numerous jobs, and the large land reserves of the new community, the number of parish members grew and the parish church on the church hill soon became too small. In 1925, Jona received Josef Riedener, a young, initiative new pastor who collected the necessary funds for an expansion of the church through original campaigns (“ begging on foot with a hiking stick ”). As the second center of parish life outside the church, the Catholic parish home was built south of the church, and young singers could be addressed with the team choir. The church citizens were also represented by the church administration council by a parish council.
Building history
According to tradition, a Christian church was built on the church hill instead of a Roman temple in 812. In 1419 the church was expanded, but by the end of the 15th century the building collapsed due to various construction defects. The choir and the lower part of the tower have been preserved. During a further new building of the nave in 1852, the tower was also raised in the sense of the classicist neo-Gothic style . In 1911 a sacristy was added on the south side , and in 1925 a larger tower tower. In the meantime, however, the interior of the church had become too small again for the crowd: in 1934 and 1936 both the exterior and interior of the church building were renewed, redesigned and modernized by extending the nave to the west and adding a western transept and the Gothic choir was separated to use it as a sacristy from now on. This gave the church its current appearance with its east-facing late Gothic choir, the neo-Gothic nave, the modern west building and the northern tower.
Architecture and equipment
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In 1882, the watch manufacturer Mäder from Andelfingen produced a new tower clock for 1950 Swiss francs . On April 4, 1886, the second largest of the three bells was cracked, so that, because of its disgusting voice, the bell-maker Keller in Zurich rang on November 11, 1886 “at 3 o'clock in the afternoon a bells- clear quartet in D flat major for the first time across the fields of Jonah sang ”.
In 2003 and 2004, the interior of the church was redesigned. The Jona Church was the first church in the region to have mobile seating with movable platforms for different forms of liturgy and room uses. In addition, a lift has been available on the south side since then.
Classicist tower
Prayer room
Organ from 1978
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The holy water stone next to the church entrance is said to be ancient and is said to come from a pagan cemetery or temple. A heavily weathered inscription identifies it as the tomb of Cajus Octavius Provincialis , who was probably located in the Vicus Centum Prata ( Kempraten ). The holy water stone also fell victim to the desecration of the church in 1656 and is now in the Rapperswil-Jona City Museum . The stone is said to have fallen so unhappily on the soldier who started the crime on his feet that he could no longer walk.
Bells
A total of five bells hang in the tower from two different foundries. A special feature is that the bell is hung on two floors. The big bell hangs in the lower part and the four small ones in the upper part of the tower.
| No. | Surname | volume | Weight | Caster | Casting year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Holy Trinity | B ° | 3500 kg | Staad b. Rorschach | 1936 |
| 2 | Christ bell | of' | 2050 kg | Jakob Keller, Unterstrass | 1886 |
| 3 | Marienbell | f ' | 1050 kg | Jakob Keller, Unterstrass | 1886 |
| 4th | Annaglocke | as' | 650 kg | Jakob Keller, Unterstrass | 1886 |
| 5 | Valentine bell | des2 | 250 | Jakob Keller, Unterstrass | 1886 |
Place of pilgrimage
Thanks to their intercession, the pious Rapperswiler and Joner believed, the siege of the town of Rapperswil by the Glarus people in 1388 should have been repulsed. In gratitude for this 'heavenly help', the Bishop of Constance , to whom Rapperswil and his courts were subordinate, decided that the annual church consecration day would be postponed to August 15 ( Assumption of Mary ) and promised every believer an indulgence if he received a corresponding one in front of the image of grace Devotional (five Our Fathers and as many Ave Maria ) performed. This made the church of Jonah a place of pilgrimage , and 'miracles' are said to have happened repeatedly, as the believers put on votive tablets . The 'miraculous Madonna' was venerated throughout the region for a long time.
With the “iconoclasm” of 1519, the new believers removed statues and images of saints from the churches, smashed them and burned them, including the image of Mary. After the return to the Catholic faith, the statue of the 'miraculous' Madonna disappeared. The neighboring church of the Premonstratensian monastery in Rüti had also been looted and an old wooden image of the Virgin had been turned into the Jona and washed through the Joner forest to the village, where it got stuck at a root in Schachen . It was recovered, brought up to the Joner parish church and placed next to the altar in the choir. Tradition tells us that the Madonna returned miraculously . In 1611, numerous townspeople and courtiers fell victim to the plague. Every first Monday of the month the council decided to hold a prayer procession “ to our dear lady towards Jonen zue thuon ”. After the plague was contained, the population made regular pilgrimages to the Madonna on the Joner church hill. Only one craftsman from Rapperswil refused to take part in the monthly thanksgiving procession and mocked the pious supplicants at the Halstor leading out of town to Jona with such filthy words that the guard arrested him and threw him into the castle tower , where he was covered by plague ulcers in the infirmary the next morning was brought to Kempraten and died shortly afterwards.
literature
- Peter Röllin: Rapperswil-Jona cultural building set: 36 museums without a roof . Rapperswil-Jona 2005, ISBN 3-033-00478-4 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Katholische Kirchgemeinde Rapperswil-Jona, Catholic Church in Jona , accessed on April 25, 2013
Coordinates: 47 ° 13 '44.4 " N , 8 ° 50' 10" E ; CH1903: 705 829 / 231839