Chanterelles
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Chanterelle ( Cantharellus cibarius ) |
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| Cantharellus | ||||||||||||
| ( Adans. ) Frieze |
The chanterelles ( Cantharellus ) are a genus of mushrooms from the family of chanterelle relatives (Cantharellaceae). The type species is the real chanterelle ( Cantharellus cibarius ).
features
The chanterelles are generally medium-sized mushrooms, the fruiting bodies of which are more or less clearly divided into a cap and stem . The hat is usually somewhat funnel-shaped with a diameter of about 2 to 9 cm, while the edge of the hat is rolled up for a very long time. The hymenophore forms ridges, some of which run down the stem and some of which are interconnected. The stem is full-fleshed in most species and is central. Microscopic characteristics are the hyaline , club-shaped and mostly four-pore basidia , and thin-walled, smooth, also hyaline spores .
ecology
The chanterelles are mycorrhizal partners of deciduous and coniferous trees.
meaning
Many species of the genus chanterelles are edible and popular edible mushrooms, the real chanterelle is also traded. However, all native species of the genus are on the list of lichens and fungi that are specially protected under the Federal Species Protection Ordinance.
Origin of name
The German name of the genus comes from Middle High German and refers to the slightly peppery taste of the meat. The Latin name is derived from the Latin cantharula (diminutive of cantharus 'cup' or 'tankard') and refers to the shape of the fruiting bodies.
In the former East Prussia, especially in Masuria , they were called "yellow tubes". Other common names are chanterelles and Rehling.
species
There are 8 species in Europe .
| German name | Scientific name | Author quote |
|---|---|---|
| Pale rust-stained chanterelle | Cantharellus alborufescens | (Malençon 1975) Papetti & S. Alberti 1999 ('1998') |
| Purple flaky or amethyst chanterelle | Cantharellus amethysteus | (Quélet 1883) Saccardo 1887 |
| Real chanterelle | Cantharellus cibarius | Frieze 1821 |
| Olive-yellow rust-stained chanterelle | Cantharellus ferruginascens | PD Orton 1969 |
| Velvety chanterelle | Cantharellus friesii | Quélet 1872 |
| Pale chanterelle | Cantharellus pallens | Pilát 1959 |
| Thin hyphical dwarf chanterelle | Cantharellus romagnesianus | Eyssartier & Buyck 1999 |
| Cantharellus roseofagetorum | I. Olariaga, G. Moreno, JL Manjon, I. Salcedo, V. Hofstetter, D. Rodríguez & B. Buyck 2016 |
Systematics
The craterelles ( Craterellus ) are the second genus of chanterelle relatives . They are distinguished by a hollow handle and / or graying to blackening flesh, and also by the lack of bicyclic carotenoids .
The blackening ( C. melanoxeros ) and the violet- yellow kraterelle ( C. ianthinoxanthus) were previously counted among the chanterelles, but were found to be craters based on molecular genetic studies.
literature
- Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (Ed.): Mushrooms of Switzerland. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 3: Bolete and agaric mushrooms. Part 1: Strobilomycetaceae and Boletaceae, Paxillaceae, Gomphidiacea, Hygrophoracea, Tricholomataceae, Polyporaceae (lamellar). Mykologia, Luzern 1991, ISBN 3-85604-030-7 .
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 3: Mushrooms. Leaf mushrooms I. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3536-1 .
- Heinrich Dörfelt , Gottfried Jetschke (Ed.): Dictionary of mycology. 2nd Edition. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg / Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0920-9 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Elias Magnus Fries : Systema Mycologicum . tape 1 , 1821, p. 1-520 .
- ↑ Chanterelles. Retrieved October 19, 2019 .
- ^ Wisia Online , accessed August 23, 2012
- ^ Bibliographical Institute: Chanterelle, der. In: Duden dictionary online . Retrieved April 1, 2014 .
- ^ Friedrich Kluge: Etymological dictionary of the German language . 25th edition. De Gruyter, 2011, ISBN 978-3-11-022364-4 (available online from the publisher - 1021 pages).
- ^ Robert Albinus: Königsberg Lexicon . Würzburg 2002, p. 99
- ↑ a b Ibai Olariaga, Gabriel Moreno, Jose Luis Manjón, Isabel Salcedo, Valérie Hofstetter: Cantharellus (Cantharellales, Basidiomycota) revisited in Europe through a multigene phylogeny . In: Fungal Diversity . tape 83 , no. 1 , March 2017, ISSN 1560-2745 , p. 263–292 , doi : 10.1007 / s13225-016-0376-7 ( springer.com [accessed May 18, 2020]).
