Philipp Scharwenka
Ludwig Philipp Scharwenka (born February 16, 1847 in Samter near Posen ; died July 16, 1917 in Bad Nauheim ) was a German composer and music teacher of Prussian-Czech origin. He is the brother of the composer and music teacher Xaver Scharwenka and the father of the composer and organist Walter Scharwenka .
Life
Like his younger brother Xaver, Scharwenka received the first sporadic musical instruction in Poznan. After graduating from high school in 1865, he and his brother studied music theory with Richard Wüerst and Heinrich Dorn at the Neue Akademie der Tonkunst in Berlin , where he was taken on as a lecturer in theory and composition from 1868 onwards. The first compositions also fall during this time. In 1874 he appeared for the first time with an overture and a symphony in a separate concert.
With the opening of the Scharwenka Conservatory in Berlin, his brother Xaver made him head of theory and composition lessons in 1881, and then in 1891 of the branch in New York . However, Scharwenka returned to Berlin in 1892 to take over the management of the local conservatory, which he merged with Karl Klindworth's piano school to form the Klindworth-Scharwenka Conservatory in 1893 . In the period that followed, this was to occupy a prominent position in Berlin's musical landscape. Scharwenka was the director of the conservatory until his death in 1917; from 1937 his son Walter Scharwenka took over the management of the conservatory.
Since 1880 Scharwenka was married to the violin virtuoso Marianne Stresow († 1918).
meaning
Philipp Scharwenka saw himself primarily as a composer in spite of his manifold educational obligations, as he enjoyed a great reputation during his lifetime. His compositional work includes 3 symphonies, symphonic poems , a violin concerto , some choral works , of which Sakuntala received great recognition, the four-act opera Roland , as well as numerous instrumental works such as sonatas , quartets , caprices and dances .
Compared to the more extroverted compositions of his brother, his versatile work is characterized by a pensive, almost dark tone. The most popular works include the chamber music works created since 1896 , which continue traditional formal models and show considerable melodic and rhythmic ingenuity. In them Scharwenka achieves an almost impressionistic sound effect through the sovereign use of compositional means, despite being conservative in time. They found such famous performers as Willy Burmester , Julius Klengel and Moritz Mayer-Mahr .
Scharwenka's works have been performed by well-known conductors such as Arthur Nikisch and Anton Seidl . One of his admirers was Max Reger , who dedicated his Phantasiestücke Op. 26 to him in 1898 . As part of the 37th Musicians Assembly in 1900 his was the Allgemeiner Deutscher Musikverein award-winning dramatic fantasy op for orchestra. 108 in Bremen listed.
Scharwenka enjoyed a high reputation as a music teacher. Oskar Fried and Otto Klemperer are likely to be his most famous students .
Scharwenka also had a remarkable talent for drawing, which found expression in drastic and humorous illustrations for Alexander Moszkowski's satire Anton Notenquetscher .
Compositions (selection)
- Polish National Dances for Piano, op.3
- Forest and Mountain Spirits for Orchestra, op.37
- Sonata in G minor op.61
- Spring Waves , op.87 (1891)
- Arcadian Suite , op.76 (1887)
- Piano Trio No. 1 in C sharp minor op.100 (1915)
- Sonata for Viola and Piano in G minor op.106
- Evening moods , op.107 (1915)
- Dramatic Fantasy , op.108 (1900)
- Sonata for violin and piano in B flat minor, op.110 (1896)
- Piano Trio No. 2 in B major, op.112 (1915)
- Sonata for violoncello and piano, Op. 116 (1909)
- String Quartet in D minor, Op. 117 (1910)
- Piano quintet op.118 (1912)
- Trio for violin, viola and piano in E minor, op.121
Books
- Anton music squeezer. A satirical poem in four songs by Alexander Moszkowski. With 23 illustrations by Philipp Scharwenka. Increased cheap popular edition. (Tenth to fifteenth thousand.) Berlin SW. Carl Simon, music publisher. 1906.
literature
- Matthias Schneider-Dominco: Scharwenka, Philipp. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 14 (Riccati - Schönstein). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2005, ISBN 3-7618-1134-9 , Sp. 1187
- Matthias Wiegandt: Scharwenka, Philipp. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , pp. 584-586 ( digitized version ). (Only contains genealogical information in the online NDB.)
- Matthias Wiegandt: Scharwenka, Xaver. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , pp. 584-586 ( digitized version ). (Contains article text on Philip.)
- Paul Frank, Wilhelm Altmann : Concise Tonkünstler Lexicon . 15th edition. Heinrichshofen's Verlag, Wilhelmshaven 1936, ISBN 3-7959-0083-2 , p. 536.
Documents
Letters from Philipp Scharwenka are in the holdings of the Leipzig music publisher CFPeters in the Leipzig State Archives .
Web links
- Works by and about Philipp Scharwenka in the catalog of the German National Library
- Works by and about Philipp Scharwenka in the German Digital Library
- Sheet music and audio files by Philipp Scharwenka in the International Music Score Library Project
- Scharwenka Foundation, life, work, photos
- Short biography and catalog raisonné on Klassika
- Information about Philipp Scharwenka ( Memento from September 19, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Scharwenka, Philipp |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Scharwenka, Ludwig Philipp (full name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German composer and music teacher |
DATE OF BIRTH | February 16, 1847 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Samter near Poznan |
DATE OF DEATH | July 16, 1917 |
Place of death | Bad Nauheim |