Pisoniella arborescens

Pisoniella arborescens
Systematics
	Eudicotyledons
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order :	Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family :	Wonderflower family (Nyctaginaceae)
Genre :	Pisoniella
Type :	Pisoniella arborescens
Scientific name
	Pisoniella arborescens
	( Lag. & Rodr. ) Standl.

Pisoniella arborescens is a species ofthe wonder flower family (Nyctaginaceae).

description

Vegetative characteristics

Pisoniella arborescens grows as a branched shrub up to about 2 meters high. The simple, almost bare and short-stalked, opposite leaves are egg-shaped and up to 5–6 inches long. They are acuminate to acuminate and entire.

Generative characteristics

The flowers are in dainty, spherical and long-stemmed, multi-flowered, dold-like inflorescences . The greenish-white and short-stalked, funnel-shaped, about 5 millimeters long flowers with short, rounded lobes are hermaphroditic, with 6 to 8 protruding stamens that are briefly overgrown at the base . The flowers are each underlaid by a small, mostly sloping bract . The ovary is short stalks with a long pen with wide-capitate stigma . The up to 1 centimeter large, bald and elongated, leathery anthocarp of the false fruit is club-shaped and slightly pentagonal and provided with sticky warts on the edges.

distribution

According to Heimerl, Pisoniella is widespread from Mexico and Central America to Peru , Bolivia and Argentina . According to Standley, Pisoniella arborescens is called "Jazmincillo" in central Mexico because its whitish flowers, which are open at night, are reminiscent of those of jasmine.

Systematics

It was first described in 1801 under the name ( Basionym ) Boerhavia arborescens by Mariano Lagasca y Segura and José Demetrio Rodríguez in Anales de Ciencias Naturales , Volume 4, 12, pp. 257-259. Anton Heimerl set up the Pisonia sect section in 1889 . Pisoniella in Nyctaginaceae in Heinrich Gustav Adolf Engler and Karl Anton Eugen Prantl : The natural plant families along with their genera and more important species in particular the useful plants . By Paul Carpenter Standley has 1,911 in Contributions from the United States National Herbarium , Volume 13, 11, p 385 the rank of a genus Pisoniella with the type species Pisoniella arborescens (Lag. & Rodr.) Standl. receive.

Other synonyms are Boerhavia arborea Roem. & Schult. , Pisonia arborescens (Lag. & Rodr.) Kuntze , Pisonia hirtella Kunth and Pisonia mexicana Willd.

Pisoniella arborescens is one of two species of the genus Pisoniella within the family of Nyctaginaceae . The independence of the genus Pisoniella was confirmed in 2007 on the basis of genetic studies.

Etymology and additional botanical history

The generic name Pisoniella is an eponym that goes back indirectly to the doctor and botanist Willem Pies (1611–1678) . It is made up of the generic name Pisonia and the specific epithet hirtella . In 1889 Anton Heimerl first placed Pisoniella in a section within the genus Pisonia with the only species Pisonia hirtella Kunth in Humboldt, Bonpland, Kunth ( Boerhaavia arborea Lagasca ) because of its many independent characteristics . Heimerl gave her the form Pisonia hirtella fo in 1901 because of its unique habitual impression and the flower relationships . glabrata Heimerl , later a synonym of Pisoniella arborescens var. glabrata (Heimerl) Heimerl and the species Pisoniella glabrata (Heimerl) Standl.

Literature and Sources

Flora de Veracruz. Fasc. 13, 1980, pp. 46-49, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
V. Bittrich, U. Kühn: Nyctaginaceae. In: Klaus Kubitzki , JG Rohwer and V. Bittrich (eds.): The Families and Genera of flowering Plants. Vol. II, Springer, 1993 pp. 473-486.
Friedrich Gottlieb Dietrich : Complete lexicon of gardening and botany. Weimar, Berlin and Ulm 1802–1840.
Anton Heimerl: Nyctaginaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Gyrostemonaceae, Achatocarpaceae. In: A. Engler and K. Prantl: The natural plant families along with their genera and more important species, especially useful plants. Volume XVIc, 2nd edition 1934.
Paul C. Standley : The Allioniaceae of Mexico and Central America. In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Volume 13, Part 11, Washington 1911, pp. 385-386, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
Tom von Post, Otto Kunze : Lexicon Generum Phanerogamarum. Lexicon for generic names of flowering plants with scientific international nomenclature. Uppsala 1902, p. 442.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c Anton Heimerl: Pisoniella, a new genus of the Nyctaginaceen. In: Austrian botanical journal. Volume 61, No. 12, 1911, pp. 462-471, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
^ Paul Carpenter Standley: Family 3. Alloniaceae. In: The New York Botanical Garden (Ed.): North American Flora. Volume XXI Part 3, 1918, p. 191, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
^ Paul Carpenter Standley: Trees and shrubs of Mexico. In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Volume XXIII, Part 2, 1920, pp. 259-262.
^ ^A ^b Anton Heimerl: Nyctaginaceae. In: A. Engler, K. Prantl: The natural plant families along with their genera and more important species, especially useful plants. 3. Part 1, Department b, Leipzig 1889, p. 29, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
^ Norman A. Douglas, Paul S. Manos: Molecular phylogeny of Nyctaginaceae: taxonomy, biogeography, and characters associated with a radiation of xerophytic genera in North America. In: American Journal of Botany , Volume 94, 2007, pp. 856-872.
↑ Detailed description of the background to the naming by Norbert J. Pies: Pisonie, Paradiesnuß, Mangrovenbaumkrabbe and Co. - Willem Piso's taxonomic heritage. In: Eike Pies (Ed.): Pisonia - Further contributions to the facsimile edition 2008 of Willem Piso's book De Indiae Utriusque Re Naturali et Medica , Amsterdam 1658. Dommershausen / Sprockhövel 2010, pp. 189–192, ISBN 978-3-928441-71 -1 .
^ Anton Heimerl: In: Annuaire du Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Genève. Volume 5, 1901, p. 196.
^ Pisoniella at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
^ Paul C. Standley: The Nyctaginaceae and Chenopodiaceae of northwestern South America. Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series, XI, No. 3, 1931, p. 93, online biodiversitylibrary.org.

[Heimerl1911-1] Anton Heimerl: Pisoniella, a new genus of the Nyctaginaceen. In: Austrian botanical journal. Volume 61, No. 12, 1911, pp. 462-471, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.

[Standley1918-2] Paul Carpenter Standley: Family 3. Alloniaceae. In: The New York Botanical Garden (Ed.): North American Flora. Volume XXI Part 3, 1918, p. 191, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.

[Standley1922-3] Paul Carpenter Standley: Trees and shrubs of Mexico. In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Volume XXIII, Part 2, 1920, pp. 259-262.

[Heimerl1989-4] A ^b Anton Heimerl: Nyctaginaceae. In: A. Engler, K. Prantl: The natural plant families along with their genera and more important species, especially useful plants. 3. Part 1, Department b, Leipzig 1889, p. 29, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.

[Douglas2007-5] Norman A. Douglas, Paul S. Manos: Molecular phylogeny of Nyctaginaceae: taxonomy, biogeography, and characters associated with a radiation of xerophytic genera in North America. In: American Journal of Botany , Volume 94, 2007, pp. 856-872.

[Pies2010-6] Detailed description of the background to the naming by Norbert J. Pies: Pisonie, Paradiesnuß, Mangrovenbaumkrabbe and Co. - Willem Piso's taxonomic heritage. In: Eike Pies (Ed.): Pisonia - Further contributions to the facsimile edition 2008 of Willem Piso's book De Indiae Utriusque Re Naturali et Medica , Amsterdam 1658. Dommershausen / Sprockhövel 2010, pp. 189–192, ISBN 978-3-928441-71 -1 .

[Heimerl1901-7] Anton Heimerl: In: Annuaire du Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Genève. Volume 5, 1901, p. 196.

[tropicos-8] Pisoniella at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

[9] Paul C. Standley: The Nyctaginaceae and Chenopodiaceae of northwestern South America. Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series, XI, No. 3, 1931, p. 93, online biodiversitylibrary.org.