Place de la République (Paris)
Coordinates: 48 ° 52 ′ 3 " N , 2 ° 21 ′ 49.6" E
| Place de la République | |
|---|---|
| location | |
| Arrondissement | 3rd , 10th and 11th |
| quarter | Arts-et-Métiers Enfants-Rouges Porte-Saint-Martin Folie-Méricourt |
| outgoing roads | Rue du Temple Boulevard Saint-Martin Rue René-Boulanger Boulevard de Magenta Rue Beaurepaire Rue Léon-Jouhaux Rue du Faubourg-du-Temple Avenue de la République Boulevard Voltaire Boulevard du Temple |
| morphology | |
| length | 283 m |
| width | 119 m |
| history | |
| designation | May 4, 1879 |
| Original names | Place du Château-d'Eau |
| Coding | |
| Paris | 8147 |
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The Place de la République ( German Place of the Republic ) is one of the largest and most important squares in the French capital Paris with 3.4 hectares . The square is located northeast of the city center on the border of the 3rd , 10th and 11th arrondissement .
Name origin
The square, formerly “Place du Château-d'Eau”, has had its name since 1879, when the Paris City Council discussed the project to erect a statue of the republic in honor of republicanism, political ideology and the concept of freedom since 1878 . The monument was commissioned by the Fonderie Thiébaut Frères in 1879 and inaugurated in 1883.
history
Around 1200, under Philip II, the Porte du Temple was built south of the Temple . The city gate was moved as part of the city wall under Charles V in the 14th century, expanded as a bastide with a turret and drawbridge, and from 1380 stood at the place where the Rue du Temple joins the Place de la République . After several renovations, the Porte du Temple was demolished around 1683. Instead of the city fortifications, a promenade with avenue trees ran from around 1680 , the later Grands Boulevards Boulevard Saint-Martin and Boulevard du Temple . From the middle of the 18th century, theaters and entertainment venues such as the Wauxhall and the diorama of the photography pioneer Louis Daguerre were concentrated here . In 1811, under Napoleon Bonaparte , the square took shape after the engineer Pierre-Simon Girard built the Fontaine du Château d'Eau fountain . The square was named accordingly Place du Château d'Eau .
To the north-east of the fountain, a large barracks of the Garde républicaine was built in the Second Empire during the Paris urban redevelopment under Baron Haussmann in 1858 . The architect was Gabriel Davioud . In front of the barracks and the Magasins-Réunis to the east , Haussmann had the square laid out in its current rectangular shape in 1865. The fountain was moved to the Place de la Fontaine-aux-Lions and replaced in 1867 by a large fountain, also by Davioud. In addition to the existing boulevards Saint-Martin and du Temple , the newly created traffic axes Boulevard de Magenta and Boulevard du Prince-Eugène (today Boulevard Voltaire ) now also flow onto the square.
During the Paris Commune , the square, heavily fortified by the Communards, was stormed by the Versailles army on May 25, 1871.
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On July 14, 1883, the Monument à la République was inaugurated in the center of the square . The work of the sculptor Léopold Morice and his brother, the architect François-Charles Morice , consists of a 9.5 meter high bronze statue on a more than 15 meter high base. The statue depicts the French Republic as an allegorical female figure in the national personification of Marianne with an olive branch in her right hand. Bronze reliefs on the base depict episodes of the history of the Republic. In 1889, the Place du Château-d'Eau was finally renamed Place de la Republique . In the course of history the square was used for military marches.
On January 11, 2015, a large solidarity rally for the 17 victims of the attack on Charlie Hebdo and the ensuing hostage-taking took place on the square. Images from the Place de la République were broadcast worldwide.
Location and importance
Seven large streets lead into the square. Five lines of the Paris Métro cross here at the Métrostation République . The square is thus one of the most important transport hubs in Paris.
Transport hub
CGO tramway , Cours de Vincennes - Louvres line, in 1900. 
Electric tram at the beginning of the 20th century.
With the increasing traffic at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, the square became an important traffic junction in Paris. The various means of transport of the time crossed at a large esplanade, such as the cable car of Belleville (a cable tram that connected the Place de la République with the hill of Belleville ), the trams of the Compagnie générale des omnibus for Paris or the Chemins de fer nogentais , whose network served the eastern suburbs.
In 1904 the square was connected to the Paris Métro network. The République metro station under the square is an important transfer station. Trains from lines 3 , 5 , 8 , 9 and 11 , the last to be connected in 1935, stop here . The RATP bus routes 20, 56, 65 and 75 also serve the Place de la République .
The traffic in the square increased steadily. In 2011, 60 percent of its area was used for car traffic.
From autumn 2011 to June 2013, the square was rebuilt in order to reduce car traffic and make the square more attractive and safer for pedestrians and cyclists with new planting and lighting.
Streets to the Place de la République
The following streets lead clockwise to the square:
Notable buildings and monuments
- House No. 1: Passage Vendôme
- House number 10: a former Magasins réunis branch and a Crowne Plaza hotel
- House number 12: Caserne Vérines , a station of the Garde républicaine since 1947
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official information
- ↑ Guillbert de Metz: Description de la Ville de Paris sous Charles VI. In: Le Roux de Lincy et al .: Histoire générale de Paris. Paris et ses Historiens. Documents et écrits originaux. Paris, 1867. p. 227.
- ↑ Histoire de la Place de la République. In: www.placedelarepublique.paris.fr (accessed February 22, 2012)
- ↑ Léon de Villiers et al .: Paris sauvé !!!: ou, La débacle de la commune. Paris, 1871. p. 51.
- ↑ La République se dévoile. In: paris.fr ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed February 22, 2012)
- ↑ Photo: July 14, 1919: place de la République (Foch regarde défiler les troupes). Bibliothèque nationale de France (accessed: February 22, 2012)
- ↑ Officials: Paris Unity Rally Largest in French History . In: Associated Press , January 11, 2015. Retrieved January 11, 2015.
- ↑ BBC News - Paris attacks: Millions rally for unity in France . In: BBC News . Retrieved January 11, 2015.
- ^ Paris unity rally largest in French history . In: The Portland Press Herald / Maine Sunday Telegram . Retrieved January 11, 2015.
- ↑ a b c d e The change in space can be read here in the original (table of contents from page 2).
