Pohoří na Šumavě

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Pohoří na Šumavě
Pohoří na Šumavě does not have a coat of arms
Pohoří na Šumavě (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Jihočeský kraj
District : Český Krumlov
Municipality : Pohorská Ves
Area : 2635 ha
Geographic location : 48 ° 36 '  N , 14 ° 42'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 36 '13 "  N , 14 ° 41' 47"  E
Height: 910  m nm
Residents : 2 (December 1, 2012)
Postal code : 382 41
License plate : C.
traffic
Street: Pohorská Ves - Pohoří na Šumavě

Pohoří na Šumavě (German Buchers , until 1923 Czech Puchéř or Půchoří ) is a district of the municipality Pohorská Ves in Okres Český Krumlov , Czech Republic . It is located in the Gratzener Bergland directly on the border with Austria .

geography

overall view

The place is located in the extreme southeast of the Okres Český Krumlov on the upper reaches of the Pohořský potok ( Bucherser Bach ) between the hills Pastvina (949 m) and Střední vrch (954 m) in the Bucherser Bergland ( Pohořská hornatina ) belonging to the Gratzener Uplands .

The village is surrounded by Austrian territory to the east, south and west. To the south-west lies the Kamenec ( Steinberg ), the 1072 m highest elevation in the Bohemian part of the Gratzener Bergland. The Lainsitz , which rises on the nearby Aichelberg, runs to the east . The only neighboring town in the south is the Austrian hamlet Stadlberg in the municipality of Bad Großpertholz .

history

Former main street
Ruins of the church after the tower collapsed

The first written mention of Pohorzie comes from the year 1524. It only referred to the brook that flowed from the dense beech forests of Fagosilvanum. In 1693 the owner of the Gratzen estate , Count Philipp Emanuel Buquoy , had a glassworks built near Schanz.

In 1758 the first houses were built on the road to Freistadt . A stately brewery, a schnapps distillery and a hammer mill were built in the street village . In the long winters, reverse glass painting developed as a sideline to agriculture , which spread from Buchers to Gratzen and Sandl , as well as glass gilding. In 1774 the glassworks was closed. In 1779 a wooden chapel was built, which was replaced between 1783 and 1791 by the baroque church of the Virgin Mary of the Good Council . In 1791 the place was raised to a market town and had a coat of arms. Between 1793 and 1796, the land in the village was divided for urban development. Two suburbs were combined as Neu-Puchers. Josef Meyr founded the Silberberg glassworks and the Bonaventura glassworks here, both of which are the forerunners of the Meyr's Neffe glass factory , the most respected in Europe. After the patrimonial rule was replaced, Buchers became an independent municipality.

In 1890 the entire community consisted of 186 houses with 1,323 inhabitants, of which 1,077 were German and 276 were Czech. In 1910, 706 people lived in Buchers (not including the districts) and by 1921 the population had increased to 1055. The inhabitants were predominantly German. In 1923 the Czech place name Pohoří na Šumavě was invented and officially introduced, which is also nonsensical from a geographical point of view, since the place is not in the Bohemian Forest (Šumava). In 1926, parts of the Austrian municipality of Karlstift were added to the cadastre .

The market town of Buchers with a cadastral area of ​​2,636 hectares included a total of eleven districts; these were Berau, Bonaventura ( Skleněné Hutě ), Georgendorf ( Jiřice ), Johannesthal ( Janový Hutě ), Kaplucken, Paulina ( Pavlína ), Schanz ( Šance ), Schwarzviertel, Silberberg ( Stříbrné Hutě ), Stadlberg ( Stodůlecký Vrch ) and Steindorfl, the after 1945 all were abandoned.

graveyard
War memorial

After the annexation to the German Reich in 1938, it came as part of the Kaplitz district to the Reichsgau Oberdonau . In 1945/1946 the Germans were expelled, in 1947 Slovaks were resettled from the Miskolc area and in the following years the place was largely demolished. In 1950 only 72 people lived in Pohoří na Šumavě and of the original 172 houses (1921) there were only 23 left. In 1955, the Iron Curtain completely isolated the place and was evacuated. In 1978 Pohoří na Šumavě did not have a single permanent resident and most of the remaining houses had been destroyed by the army.

After the Velvet Revolution , the place, where previously only members of the border police were stationed, was made accessible again and its repopulation was planned in 1991. On May 30, 1999, the church tower fell on the nave and destroyed it. In the meantime the abandoned place has some inhabitants again. Six houses have now been built here.

Works by Buchers' reverse glass painting are exhibited in Sandl . The documentary film Není Hietler jako Hitler ( Not every Hietler is a Hitler ) by Václav Reischl was made about a former resident of Buchers .

Instead of Stadlberg (formerly Klein-Stadlberg ) there is now a 50 hectare, 925–970 m above sea level, directly bordering the Austrian hamlet of Stadlberg (formerly Groß-Stadlberg ) . Forest raised bog, a natural monument since 1992 (přírodní památka, PP).

Every September, Pohoří na Šumavě is the destination of a pilgrimage from the Buchers Kirtag, which has been celebrated in Karlstift since 1981 . On this occasion, the border at the Buchers Chapel was opened, which has now been freely passable since the Czech Republic joined the Schengen area . The chapel, located near Stadlberg, directly on the Iron Curtain at the time , was financed by former residents of the village and was consecrated on September 15, 1984 on the occasion of the Kirtag.

For several years now, the Bucherser Heimat Verein (founded in 2009) under the direction of Erich Altmann has been trying to rebuild the crumbling church. In addition, the association regularly organizes various types of events and thus ensures cross-border cooperation between the Czech Republic and Austria. Some Czechs now use Buchers as a weekend home.

literature

  • Reinhold Fink: Destroyed Bohemian Forest locations. BoD, Norderstedt 2006, ISBN 3-8334-6429-1 .

Attractions

  • Buchers Church (currently under reconstruction)
  • War memorial
  • former cemetery

Sons and daughters of the place

Web links

Commons : Pohoří na Šumavě  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/724807/Pohori-na-Sumave
  2. ↑ New life for a forgotten village orf.at, August 11, 2019, accessed August 12, 2019.