Pont Notre-Dame
Coordinates: 48 ° 51 ′ 23 " N , 2 ° 20 ′ 56" E
| Pont Notre-Dame | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Official name | Pont Notre-Dame | |
| Convicted | The big arm he His | |
| Building number | 6766 | |
| construction | Arch bridge | |
| overall length | 105 | |
| width | 20th | |
| Load capacity | 59.51 | |
| construction time | 1910-1914 | |
| planner | Jean Résal | |
| location | ||
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The Pont Notre-Dame is a bridge that spans the great arm of the Seine in Paris and connects the Quai de Gesvres on the Rive Droite with the Quai de la Corse on the Seine island Île de la Cité . The bridge is considered the oldest in Paris, albeit not in its current form. A bridge has stood in its place since ancient times , but it was destroyed and rebuilt several times. The Pont Neuf is considered the oldest bridge in Paris that is still intact today .
Characteristic
- Type: arch bridge
- Year of construction: 1910-1914
- Architects: Aron , Jean Drogue , Jean Résal , Retraint , Binet
- Length: 105 meters
- Arch height: 20 meters
- Material: steel and stone
location
| Position of the bridge on the Seine | ||
|---|---|---|
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downstream: Pont au Change |
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upstream: Pont d'Arcole |
The Pont Notre-Dame is located in the 4th arrondissement of Paris near the Pont Marie metro station and connects the Quai de Gesvres with the Quai de la Corse .
history
Already in the Celtic period there was a wooden crossing at the point in question, which spanned the great arm of the Seine and connected today's Rue de la Cité with Rue Saint-Martin . When Titus Labienus met himself in 52 BC. When he approached the city with his troops, the Parisii destroyed these bridges to make it difficult for the enemy to cross over and capture the city of Lutetia .
The Romans rebuilt the stone bridge and protected it with a fort on the north side. It became a central part of the Roman road from Soissons to Orléans , which formed part of the traffic axis of the Cardo of Lutetia . Just a few meters to the north, the Rue Saint-Antoine branched off to Melun and the Champagne region .
It is not known exactly how much the Roman bridge suffered from the repeated attacks by the Normans, and particularly from the siege of Paris in 885 and 886. In any case, it was abandoned and a new bridge was built just 150 meters downstream, which was given the simple name Grand-Pont and stood on the site of today's Pont au Change . The Cardo of Lutetia was interrupted. The ancient bridge was later replaced by a footbridge called the Pont des Planches de Milbray . This jetty, on which a mill stood, initially did not even reach as far as the Seine island and served the fishermen as a pontoon .
In 1406 the Pont des Planches de Milbray was washed away in a flood. Then King Charles VI. In 1413 build a new bridge on the same spot, which was named Pont Notre-Dame for the first time because it led to the Gothic Notre Dame Cathedral of Paris , which was completed in 1345 . It was a stable wooden construction over which 65 houses were built, which were supposed to "decorate and increase the city's income". The municipal foremen for masonry and carpentry work were responsible for the planning and execution. The bridge's span of about 115 m (59 Toises ) was divided into seventeen rows of piles . The houses mentioned were given house numbers for the first time in the history of urban construction. On October 25, 1499, the wooden bridge collapsed, presumably because the maintenance had been neglected.
The reconstruction was done in stone and began in 1500. The bridge designed by the architect Giovanni Giocondo and built by the master craftsman Jean de Felin spanned the great arm of the Seine with six striking arches . In 1507 the new bridge was inaugurated and in 1512 the 68 apartments and shops on the bridge were ready for occupancy. The superstructures, which were in turn provided with house numbers, quickly developed into a commercial center of the city and the symmetrical street layout served as a model for many later plazas in Paris, such as B. Place Royale , called Place des Vosges since the French Revolution , or Place Dauphine . In 1660 the bridge was renovated and then decorated in honor of the arrival of Maria Teresa of Spain in Paris, who had married the French King Louis XIV after the Peace of the Pyrenees . The superstructure of the bridge was demolished in 1786 for sanitary and structural reasons.
In 1853 a new bridge was built on the old foundations, this time only with five arches. Because of a large number of ship accidents, 35 between 1891 and 1910 alone, it was popularly called Pont du Diable , or Devil's Bridge. To facilitate navigation and the flow of water, the three middle arches were then removed and the bridge itself replaced with a metal structure. This building by Jean Résal , who had already designed the Pont Mirabeau and the Pont Alexandre III , was inaugurated in 1919 by the President Raymond Poincaré and still stands today in its unchanged form.
literature
- M. Mislin: The covered bridge: Pont Notre Dame. Building design and social structure. Haag + Herchen Verlag, Frankfurt 1982, ISBN 3-88129-450-3 . (Foreword: J. Posener)
- M. Mislin: The Planning and Building Process of Two Paris Bridges in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century: The Pont Notre Dame and Pont Marie. In: Proceedings of the Second International Congress on Construction History. Vol. 2, Cambridge 2006, ISBN 0-7017-0205-2 , pp. 2223-2239.
art
- Nicolas-Jean-Baptiste Raguenet : La joute de mariniers entre le pont Notre-Dame et le Pont-au-Change. Oil painting, 1756.
- Charles Meryon : L'Arche du pont Notre-Dame. Etching, 1856.
