Rue Saint-Martin

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Rue Saint-Martin
location
Arrondissement 3rd , 4th
quarter Quartier des Arts-et-Métiers
Quartier Sainte-Avoye
Quartier Saint-Merri
Beginning 12, quai de Gesvres
The End 1, 55 Boulevard Saint-Denis
, Boulevard Saint-Martin
morphology
length 1420 m
width Between the Quai and the Rue des Lombards : 22 m,
between the Rues des Lombards and the Rue de Turbigo : 7.20 m,
between the Rue de Turbigo and the Grands Boulevards : 37 m
history
Emergence Ministerial decree of February 18, 1851 which merged the Rue de la Planche-Mibray with the Rue des Arcis .
Coding
Paris 8916

The Rue Saint-Martin in Paris is the northern part of the oldest streets in the city.

Location and access

The 1420 m long street begins at Quai de Gesvres 8-12, crosses in the 3rd and 4th arrondissement

  • the Saint-Merri district (numbers 1 to 143 and 2 to 152)
  • the Saint-Avoye district (numbers 145 to 231 and 154 to 248)
  • the Quartier des Arts et Metiers (nos. 233 to 359 and 250 to 332)

and ends at Boulevard Saint-Denis 1 or Boulevard Saint-Martin 55.

At its southern end, it merges into the Pont Notre-Dame , at its northern end into the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Martin , and is thus the old arterial road to the northeast (towards Soissons and Laon ) before it becomes as such through the urban planning measures of the Barons Haussmann was replaced by the Boulevard de Sébastopol 200 meters further west in the mid-19th century .

The rue Saint-Martin crosses the following streets for 1.4 kilometers

There are the following metro stations in the street :

Name origin

Between the Rue de la Verrerie and the Boulevard Saint-Martin, the Rue Saint-Martin was formerly called Rue Saint-Martin-des-Champs. It was named after the priory Saint-Martin des Champs , attested since the 8th century, which today houses the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers .

history

Roman Era and Early Middle Ages

Originally the street was a path in the extension of the Rue Saint-Jacques (also called via superior ). Located on the right bank of the Seine , this Cardo maximus ran as a paved road through the floodplain from Lutezia to Louvres and Senlis . This Roman road was independent of the one that led from Lutezia to Rouen .

middle Ages

Around 1147 the rue Saint-Martin, which began on the Seine, was almost completely expanded to rue Neuve-Saint-Merri . There was a city gate there, the Porte Saint-Martin , which was part of the second city ​​wall of Paris and which was probably built after the great siege of 885 by the Vikings .

The construction of the Halles de Paris under Philip II caused a large part of the Parisian population to move to the Rue Saint-Martin on the right bank of the Seine and thus to the vicinity of this large shopping center. Around 1200 there were numerous construction sites up to the Rue du Grenier-Saint-Lazare , where a city gate was in the third Paris city wall . This city gate was later renamed "Faulce porte" so as not to be confused with the Porte Saint-Martin in the Charles V city ​​wall .

In the Middle Ages, the street became an important north-south axis from Paris until it was relieved by the Grand Pont , Rue Saint-Denis .

In 1418 rue Saint-Martin was extended to rue Neuve-Saint-Denis. Under Louis XIII. it then reached today's length. It was then as long as it is today and stretched from the Seine in the south to the city ​​wall of Charles V ( French Enceinte de Charles V ) in the north.

As in rue Saint-Denis, there are also numerous religious centers in rue Saint-Martin. Many of these have been completely destroyed ( Église Saint-Julien-des-Ménétriers ) or partially St-Martin-des-Champs over the years . But most of them still exist today, like St-Merry and St-Nicolas-des-Champs .

Ancien Régime

In 1535 Francis I had the city gates torn down on the right bank of the city ​​wall by Philippe Auguste ( French Enceinte de Philippe Auguste ). It was at that time that the houses got signs . In the middle of the 17th century, Paris was declared an open city and the medieval city gates were replaced by baroque ones that can still be admired today. At the same time, the street was also renovated.

After the revolution

During the French Revolution , some religious centers were destroyed and the Saint-Martin priory became the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers.

In 1817 rue Saint-Martin was 1160 m long and ran from house numbers 2, rue des Lombards and 78, rue de la Verrerie to house numbers 1, boulevard Saint-Denis and 61, boulevard Saint-Martin .

The house numbers in the street were black. The last odd number was 317 and the last even number was 262.

A ministerial decision of the 28th Messidor in year V (July 16, 1797), signed by Pierre Bénézech , sets the minimum width of this public road at 12 m. This width was extended to 14 m by royal decrees of May 6, 1836.

By ministerial decree of February 18, 1851, on the occasion of the re-planning of Paris in the Second Empire , three roads were merged to form the new route:

In 1851, the Prefect Georges-Eugène Haussmann planned the expansion of the street from 7.20 dep1to 22 m along its entire length, with a width of 100 m in front of the church of St-Nicolas-des-Champs (this ultimately became 37 m). But his project was never completed and carried out only south of Rue des Lombards and Rue de la Verrerie , and between Rue de Turbigo and Rue Notre-Dame-de-Nazareth . It lost its status as an important north-south axis of Paris in favor of the Boulevard Sébastopol, opened in 1853, and the expansion of the Rues du Renard and Beaubourg in 1907 and 1910. This is why the Rue Saint-Martin appears so narrow today. The only remodeling took place in the 20th century (1934) between Rue Saint-Merri and Rue Rambuteau to create the Beaubourg Plateau, which became the Center Georges-Pompidou in 1976 . Other conversions also led to the redesign of the district, for example to create the Quartier de l'Horloge , although the street was hardly changed. A plaque was affixed to house number 160 stating that the houses had been left out of the renovations to conserver le caractère historique de cette rue , which for a long time was one of the most important streets in Paris.

Rue Saint-Martin at the north end near the Porte Saint-Martin

Attractions

  • Rue Saint-Martin street sign in Paris

  • Tour Saint-Jacques

  • Auberge Nicolas Flamel

  • Saint Martin des Champs

  • Porte Saint-Martin

  • No. 4

  • Sign at number 16

  • Facade of house number 89

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jean de La Tynna: Dictionnaire topographique, étymologique et historique des rues de Paris. 1817.
  2. ↑ Cadastre de Paris par îlot (1810-1836). Plan 23, Quartier Lombards, block no.6, F / 31/83/06, house block 7, F / 31/83/07, house block no.8, F / 31/83/08, house block no.9, F / 31 / 83/09, house block No. 9 bis, F / 31/83/10
  3. ↑ Cadastre de Paris par îlot (1810-1836). Plan 21. "Porte Saint-Denis" quarter, house blocks No. 1 and 2, F / 31/83/18, house block No. 3, F / 31/83/19, house block No. 5, F / 31/83 / 21 , house block no.6, F / 31/83/22, house block no.7, F / 31/83/23, house block no.10, F / 31/83/26, house block no.10 bis, F / 31 / 83/27
  4. ↑ Cadastre de Paris par îlot (1810-1836). Plan 25. «Sainte-Avoye» district, house block no. 8, F / 31/86/23, house block no. 9, F / 31/86/24, house block no. 11, F / 31/86/26, house block No. 12, F / 31/86/27, house block No. 13, F / 31/86/28, house block No. 14, F / 31/86/29, house block No. 15, F / 31/86/30 , house block no. 16, F / 31/86/31 , block house no. 17, F / 31/86/32 , block house no. 19, F / 31/86/34
  5. ↑ Cadastre de Paris par îlot (1810-1836). Plan 22. «Saint-Martin-des-Champs» district, block nos. 1, 2, 16 to 19, 20 bis, 21 and 22, F / 31/83/18, block nos. 8 and 9, F / 31 / 83/19, house block No. 10, F / 31/83/21, house block No. 11, 13, 15 and 20, F / 31/83/22

Coordinates: 48 ° 51 ′ 45.5 ″  N , 2 ° 21 ′ 8 ″  E

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