Praděd
| Praděd | ||
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| height | 1492 m | |
| location | Czech Republic | |
| Mountains | Hrubý Jeseník (Jeseníky Mountains) | |
| Dominance | 128 km → Schneekoppe | |
| Notch height | 981 m ↓ 2 km E Teplice nad Metují | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 4 '59 " N , 17 ° 13' 51" E | |
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| particularities | Highest mountain in Moravia and Czech Silesia |
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The Praděd (German Altvater ) is at 1,491 m the highest mountain of the Jeseníky Mountains and at the same time the highest elevation in Moravia . It belongs to the cadastre of the municipality Malá Morávka (Klein Mohrau) in the Okres Bruntál in the Moravian-Silesian Kraj . From the summit there is a wide view of Moravia, Silesia and Bohemia. The most striking building on the grandfather is the futuristic television tower.
The road up the mountain is closed to vehicles (except for supplies and hotel guests). A shuttle bus service is available for visitors from the parking lot at Stern (Hvězda) near Karlova Studánka (Karlsbrunn Spa) to Ovčárna (sheep farm). Two parallel hiking trails lead from Karlova Studánka on both sides of the Bílá Opava (White Oppa) to Chata Barborka (Barbara Hut). The path leading from there directly to the summit was closed for nature conservation reasons and the hiking path was relocated to the summit road. The way to the Petersteinen is also closed.
The Eisenach – Budapest hiking trail runs over Praděd . The Střední Opava rises to the north .
The German expellees ' magazine " Der Altvaterbote ", named after the mountain, was published from 1948 to 1990.
History of the Altvaterturm
Stone lookout tower
After initial planning in 1881, the Moravian-Silesian Sudeten Mountains Association (MSSGV) decided in 1897 to build a tower on Altvater. Since the association was unable to build the building from its own resources due to other tower structures, it carried out a collection for this purpose and obtained the consent of the owner of the mountain, the Princely Domain Administration of the Liechtensteiners in Groß Ullersdorf (today Velké Losiny ) a. It was not until 1903 that the Hoch- und Deutschmeisterliche Güteradministration approved the transport of the necessary building materials over their property to the mountain. After the final approval was given in Vienna on June 12, 1903 , the building commission laid the foundation stone on June 17, 1903. The building permit was granted on August 20.
The tower with a height of 32.5 m and a width of 14.5 m was built in the neo-Gothic style according to plans by the architect Franz Ritter von Neumann from Vienna. Construction began on June 30, 1904, on that day the frost was still 12 cm deep in the ground. It was only later discovered that only around 120 nights a year are frost-free on the summit. Completion was scheduled for 1908, but the inauguration by Emperor Franz-Josef I should already take place in 1906. However, this had to be canceled because the construction stalled due to a lack of finances. It was only inaugurated in 1912 and the tower was named Habsburgwarte . The total costs amounted to an immense 120,000 Austrian crowns, which members of the association made through their own contributions in their free time and through contributions, collections and generous donors.
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The building, which was reminiscent of a castle, had an inn on the ground floor. Above it were two floors of tourist rooms. The parcel became parcel 207 in Klein Mohrau .
Serious damage to the tower from moisture and frost occurred during construction. At the time of the inauguration, the accommodations were still not dry and could not be rented because of their wetness. The reason for this was that the unsuitable rock ( greywacke ) that was broken on the mountain had been used for reasons of economy . Because of the porous and hydrophilic building material, voices were already loud at the inauguration that predicted the collapse. Frost and storm as well as a lack of maintenance during and after the First World War finally affected the tower so much that the Freudenthal District Office intended to close it in 1923, which was carried out in 1930.
Over three years, the MSSGV carried out extensive renovations on the tower, with the structure also being partially drained. On September 9, 1934, the Altvaterwarte was re-inaugurated with a large fireworks display. This celebration was followed annually until the beginning of the Second World War , with a mountain festival, the last of which took place on August 14, 1938. The tower was renamed Adolf Hitler Tower at the latest at the beginning of the war .
During the war, the Wehrmacht built a meteorological station next to the tower and in 1941 Czech forced laborers and prisoners of war from Poland and Russia began building the post office .
After the end of the war, the tower was managed again, but after the dissolution of the MSSGV and the expulsion of its members, no new operator could be found who wanted to bear the considerable costs for the ongoing maintenance measures and so the tower was closed again in 1946. In 1951 Turista Praha took over the dilapidated building. On August 28, 1951, the Bruntál District National Committee ordered the tower either to be repaired or the upper part to be torn down and replaced with secure walls. After the partial demolition was planned, after a long hesitation a decision was made to keep it. The walls should be reinforced with reinforced concrete on the inside and held together on the outside with steel straps.
In the meantime, vandalism has allowed wind, weather and frost to penetrate the tower unhindered. When cracks up to 6 cm wide and almost 3 m long appeared in the masonry, the Altvaterturm was finally closed by the building authorities in 1957.
When the urgently needed safety work finally started on May 3, 1959, it did not come to that. On May 2, 1959, the tower collapsed. One day later, instead of the repair work, the rubble began to be removed.
The only buildings on the mountain were now the meteorological station and the post office hut, which was used as a hut until the television tower was built.
A replica of the old Altvaterturm has been on the whetstone near Lehesten in the Franconian Forest since 2004 .
Transmission tower
The mountain has been used as a radio and television transmitter since the early 1960s, with a wooden tower being built for the antennas. In 1968, according to the plans of the Brno architect Jan Liška, the construction of a new tower in a concrete structure with a metal attachment began. For this purpose, an asphalt road was led to the summit starting from the sheep farm. As was the case 65 years earlier, the deadlines could not be met due to the extreme weather on the mountain. Instead of the planned handover in 1977, the building was only completed in 1983 with the opening of the restaurant. The rotunda at the foot of the 146.5 meter high television tower contains a viewing gallery with a restaurant and mostly functional rooms. At a height of 73 m on the concrete tower there are two rings that can be reached by lift, in which there is a panoramic view and gastronomy.
In 1993 the tower's transmitter systems were overhauled. The tower is owned by the Czech Radio Communication Prague AG. When, after the velvet revolution, the environmental protection standards were adapted to the European standard, a sewage treatment plant had to be built to run the restaurants. After its completion, the restaurant was able to reopen in 1993. In addition, accommodations for 45 people were created. House guests are allowed to use the road to the summit restaurant with their vehicles.
Trivia
The old Altvaterturm is depicted on the label of the Jägerndorfer bitters produced in Vienna today , while the label of the Czech liqueur Praděd shows the image of an old man, the Altvater.
literature
- Alfons Hayduk : grandfather. A mountain book full of stories . Cieslik, Peiskretscham OS., 1942
Web links
- TV Tower Praděd (Czech)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Praděd on peakbagger , accessed on November 11, 2018
- ↑ Praděd (grandfather) (English)