Rapoto I. (Ortenburg)

Rapoto I (* in the 12th century ; † August 26, 1186 ) came from the Spanheim family and is considered the ancestor of the side branch of the Imperial Counts of Ortenburg in Bavaria. He was probably born as the fourth son of Engelbert II and Uta von Passau at Kraiburg Castle .

Live and act

Engelbert II, the later Duke of Carinthia, provided his sons who had not gone the spiritual path with goods from his property early on. After Engelbert's resignation, Ulrich I became Duke of Carinthia, Engelbert III. became Margrave of Istria and Count of Kraiburg-Marquartstein and his youngest son Rapoto received goods near Passau and in Rottachgau , which were once possessions on his mother's side. Rapoto was named after his great uncle, Count Palatine Rapoto V of Bavaria , the brother of his grandfather Ulrich des Vielreich von Passau . When Rapoto went to his new estates around 1120, they were scattered and rather insignificant. Nevertheless, they lay to the west like a wedge between the heartland, the fiefs and other possessions on the Rott and Isar of the Counts of Vornbach . A conflict thus inevitably emerged. At that point in time, no one had any idea what power Rapoto would lead to his gender. Nothing is known about conflicts between the two sexes, as there was no historian in Lower Bavaria at that time. Only Otto von Freising mentions constant disputes and feuds in the Lower Bavarian region.

The strained relationships between the sexes can, however, also be seen in the followers of the respective parties, as they only donated the respective monasteries of their own ruling family and sealed themselves off from one another. Likewise, the monks who came from the Vornbach rulership refused to name Rapoto with the title of count.

Rapoto I. managed to keep his possessions and his Passau fiefs until 1130, but he did not manage to expand them. Around 1120 he built Ortenberg Castle . As early as 1134 he called himself Graf von Ortenberg (Ortenberg is the old name of Ortenburg).

The conflict with the Vornbachers took its first turn in 1145 when Dietrich von Vichtenstein, a line of the Vornbach family, died out. The inheritance fell to Hallgraf Engelbert von Wasserburg, but the episcopal fiefdoms and bailiwick rights over St. Nicholas , at that time still before the gates of Passau , were awarded to Rapoto by Bishop Reginbert von Hagenau .

In 1158 the last Count of Neuburg and Pitten , Ekbert III, died. , at a battle in front of Milan . With him the once powerful count family of Vornbach died out. The bailiwick rights of the Passau cathedral chapter and Lower Bavarian parts of the property of the Passau bishop's church again fell to Rapoto I. This managed to further promote the sphere of influence and the position of the young Ortenberg count family. In the following years Rapoto and his sons were to increase the property and slowly take over the property of the Vornbacher.

The Counts of Andechs , the main heirs of the Vornbachers, did not defend themselves at the beginning against the efforts of Ortenberg. Rather, they concentrated on their Upper Bavarian possessions. Conflicts did not arise until the end of the 12th century, which Rapoto no longer experienced himself.

In 1163 Rapoto married Countess Elisabeth von Sulzbach . With the death of his brother Margrave Engelbert III. from Istria he profited considerably. Although the margraviate of Istria was lost to the Spanheim and Ortenburg family, Rapoto secured his brother's rich county of Kraiburg and possessions in Chiemgau . Rapoto's property soon extended from the Brixner Valley in Tyrol up to the Bohemian Forest.

Together with his brothers, Duke Ulrich I of Carinthia, Margrave Engelbert III. of Istria and Bishop Hartwig II of Regensburg , Rapoto I was several times in the service of King Konrad III. as well as the emperor Friedrich Barbarossa and the empire on imperial and state parliaments. He also stood several times for the Bavarian dukes Leopold IV of Babenberg and Heinrich XII. of Bavaria, Duke Heinrich Jasomirgott of Bavaria, who later became Duke of Austria, and Duke Otto I of Wittelsbach to the side.

Rapoto's exceptional position in the Holy Roman Empire can be seen in 1184 on the Diet of Mainz: There, his two sons, Rapoto II and Heinrich I , receive the knighthood at a big festival together with the emperor's sons.

In Kraiburg am Inn today Graf-Rapoto-Straße is after him, his son Rapoto II and his grandson Rapoto III. named.

progeny

Rapoto I. was with Elisabeth , daughter of Count Gebhard III. von Sulzbach , married. The following children were born from this marriage:

• Rapoto II. († March 19, 1231), Count Palatine of Bavaria and Count of Ortenburg, ⚭ Udilhild, Countess of Dillingen
• Adelheid
• Mathilde, ⚭ Konrad II., Count of Valley
• Elisabeth, ⚭ Gero II., Count of Heunburg
• Heinrich I († February 15, 1241 Ortenburg ), Count of Ortenburg and Count of Murach, ⚭ 1st marriage: Juta , Bohemian princess, 2nd marriage Richza (Richgard), Margravine of Hohenburg

literature

• Richard Loibl : Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria. The rulership of the Counts of Vornbach and their successors. Studies on the history of rulership in Eastern Bavaria in the High Middle Ages . Series 2, Issue 5, Munich 1997.
• Karlheinz Weilnböck: The Vornbacher ruled between Rott and Wald, Isar and Hausruck , published in: Heimatglocken - Supplement for local instruction and entertainment , No. 10, Passau 1996.
• Friedrich Hausmann : The Counts of Ortenburg and their male ancestors, the Spanheimers in Carinthia, Saxony and Bavaria, as well as their subsidiary lines , published in: Ostbairische Grenzmarken - Passauer Jahrbuch für Geschichte, Kunst und Volkskunde, No. 36, Passau 1994 (p. 9 -62).
• Ders .: Archives of the Counts of Ortenburg. Documents of the family and county of Ortenburg (in Tambach and Munich) Volume 1: 1142–1400 (= Bavarian archive inventories 42), Neustadt an der Aisch 1984.
• Eberhard Graf zu Ortenburg-Tambach: History of the imperial, ducal and counts' entire house of Ortenburg - Part 1: The ducal house in Carinthia. , Vilshofen 1931.
• Ders .: History of the imperial, ducal and counts 'entire house in Ortenburg - Part 2: The counts' house in Bavaria. , Vilshofen 1932.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Description of the street names of Kraiburg am Inn ( Memento of the original from September 3, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

Web links

• Rapoto I. in the CERL Thesaurus
• genealogy

predecessor	Office	successor
	Count of Ortenburg 1134–1186	Heinrich I.
	Count of Murach 1163–1186	Heinrich I.
Engelbert III.	Count of Kraiburg and Marquartstein 1173–1186	Rapoto II.