Gebhard III. from Sulzbach

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Count Gebhard III. von Sulzbach (also: Count Gebhard II. von Sulzbach ; * around 1114 ; † October 28, 1188 ) came from the noble family of the Counts von Sulzbach and was the son of Count Berengar I von Sulzbach and his second wife Adelheid von Dießen - Wolfratshausen

Life

After the death of his father in 1125 he was appointed Count of Sulzberg and was also a. a. also Count von Floß and from 1146 to 1149 Margrave . He married probably on October 24, 1129 Mathilde († March 16, 1183), a daughter of the Bavarian Duke Heinrich IX. (also: Heinrich the Black ), with whom he had five children.

After his sister Mathilde died in 1165 without an heir, Gebhard came to an agreement with her widower Engelbert III. von Kraiburg on December 22, 1165 regarding their extensive inheritance in the Chiemgau. After 1144 he was heir to Warberg Castle .

Gebhard III. survived all of his children. With his death in 1188, the noble family of the Counts of Sulzbach died out “in the male line”, since his only son Berengar II had remained childless.

Act

Vogt of Berchtesgaden

Already in the laid down 1125-1136 establishing first report of Kloster pin Berchtesgaden ( Fundatio monasterii Berchtesgadensis ) Gebhard is called. After that, as a youth around 1121, he met the “brothers of common life at the church of the holy apostles Johannes d. Anabaptist and Peter in Berchtesgaden ”confirms further goods from his mother's inheritance as donations made over by his father Berengar“ for the salvation of his soul and that of his parents ”.

Later he also appears as a witness to the "freedom letter" ( golden bull ) from Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa , who in 1156 confirmed the right to the Berchtesgaden monastery and its provost Heinrich I (1151–1174) to elect and appoint the bailiffs responsible for the monastery deselect if necessary. In addition, the monastery was guaranteed grandfathering for the size of the area and forest sovereignty was granted.

For Weinfurter, this testimony to the imperial "freedom letter" is a strong indication that the relationship between Berchtesgaden and the emperor "mainly ran through Gebhard". In addition, he was a member of the Staufer and, with this certificate, he also aimed to protect his own interests in Berchtesgaden.

Since the founding of the Berchtesgaden monastery by his father Berengar I , the Counts of Sulzbach were also the bailiffs of the monastery and thus continued to benefit indirectly from its possessions. So did Gebhard, who thus held the actual secular rulership rights for the “Berchtesgadener Land”. In the Berchtesgaden manor he was the court lord and was subject to military and police powers. After the "Berchtesgadener Land" had been cleared to a large extent and therefore also habitable for far more people, Gebhard generated "not inconsiderable income" from his functions. Because shaped by the striving and thinking of the Augustinian Canons, the simple commercial forest soon became a flourishing “economic and lordly active association of land and people”. And that, according to Weinfurter decades later, in 1180 under Provost Friedrich I, the "Golden Bull " was expanded or disregarded to include the freedom to mine salt and metal in order to secure the salt shelf for the monastery in addition to forest sovereignty , probably also happened not without Gebhard's approval.

All this aroused the desires of the Counts of Plain , in whose county Berchtesgaden was located at the latest from 1140 . But after the possessions and rights were firmly assured to the monastery by Emperor Friedrich I with the "freedom letter" of 1156, the position of the Sulzbach bailiff was strengthened enough to successfully oust the count. And even if Provost Heinrich had the possibility of deselecting a bailiff in the “Freedom Letter”, he and his immediate predecessors and successors were “undoubtedly satisfied” with the Sulzbach bailiffs. A few years before his death, Gebhard provided the monastery with a very valuable share of brine in Reichenhall in 1183 and "appears otherwise as a benefactor".

Other offices

As Count of Sulzbach, Gebhard III. in the service of the Hohenstaufen and thus at the same time rival of the Diepoldinger-Rapotonen in the Nordgau , who were followers of the Salians as Margraves of Cham and Nabburg .

Gebhard III. was not only Vogt of Berchtesgaden, but also Regensburger Domvogt , Vogt of Niedermünster and Passau - Niedernburg .

family

His siblings included Bertha von Sulzbach , who was the wife of Emperor Manuel I of Byzantium under the name Irene , and Gertrud von Sulzbach (* around 1114, † April 14, 1146 in Hersfeld), who was the second wife of King Conrad III. has been.

From 1129 Gebhard III. with Mathilde († March 16, 1183), daughter of the Duke of Bavaria Heinrich IX. (also: Heinrich the Black ), married and had five children with her:

Name ambiguity

In some documents, the here as Gebhard III. also referred to as Gebhard II.

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ Counting see Jürgen Dendorfer: Die Graf von Sulzbach
  2. ↑ a b c d e f For the family tree of the Counts of Sulzbach and further information on this noble family, see Heinz Dopsch : Siedlung und Recht. On the prehistory of the Berchtesgaden founders , in: Walter Brugger (Ed.): History of Berchtesgaden. Stift - Markt - Land , Vol. 1, pp. 214 and 221
  3. ^ Friedrich Hausmann The Counts of Ortenburg and their male ancestors, the Spanheimers in Carinthia, Saxony and Bavaria, as well as their branch lines . In: East Bavarian border marks. Passauer Jahrbuch für Geschichte, Kunst und Volkskunde. No. 36, 1994, p. 16
  4. ↑ a b See information under GND 138778825
  5. ↑ Stefan Weinfurter , The Foundation of the Augustinian Canons ' Monastery - Reform Idea and Beginnings of the Canon Regulars in Berchtesgaden , in: History of Berchtesgaden: Between Salzburg and Bavaria (until 1594), Vol. 1 , ed. by W. Brugger, H. Dopsch, PF Kramml, Berchtesgaden 1991, pp. 229-264, here: p. 249.
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Stefan Weinfurter, The Founding of the Augustinian Canons Foundation - Reform Idea and Beginnings of the Canon Regulars in Berchtesgaden , in: History of Berchtesgaden: Between Salzburg and Bavaria (until 1594), Vol. 1 , ed. by W. Brugger, H. Dopsch, PF Kramml, Berchtesgaden 1991, pp. 229-264, here: p. 254.
  7. ↑ a b c Stefan Weinfurter, The foundation of the Augustinian Canons' Monastery - reform idea and beginnings of the Canon Regulars in Berchtesgaden , in: History of Berchtesgaden: Between Salzburg and Bavaria (until 1594), vol. 1 , ed. by W. Brugger, H. Dopsch, PF Kramml, Berchtesgaden 1991, pp. 229-264, here: p. 253.
  8. ↑ "So in Berchtesgaden (..) they had a new document, an extended new edition, created on the basis of a real preliminary document with the purpose of securing the salt shelf." in Manfred Feulner : Berchtesgaden - history of the country and its inhabitants . P. 37
  9. ↑ Ulli Kastner: Salt has been part of Berchtesgaden history for 900 years in Berchtesgadener Anzeiger , message from May 22, 2002
  10. ↑ Bosl: Biography , p. 138
  11. ↑ On the marriage of Heinrich II. Von Altendorf with Berta von Sulzbach see reference Jürgen Dendorfer: Die Grafen von Sulzbach , page 23 u. 24 of 35 page PDF file.
  12. ^ Jürgen Dendorfer: Noble group formation and royal rule. The Counts of Sulzbach and their network of relationships in the 12th century. in Studies on Bavarian Constitutional and Social History, Volume XXIII, Commission for Bavarian State History, Munich 2004, pp. 64–69
personal data
SURNAME Gebhard III. from Sulzbach
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German nobleman
DATE OF BIRTH around 1114
DATE OF DEATH October 28, 1188