Rauch'sches Palais

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The Heilbronn market square around 1820 with a view of the Rauch'sche Palais in the center of the picture. On the left at the edge of the picture the Heilbronn town hall , on the right the tower of the Kilian's Church . Aquatint by Carl Dörr .

The Rauch'sche Palais in Heilbronn was the largest building on Heilbronn's market square and the most important example of classicism in the city. The palace , built between 1804 and 1807, was restored in the Renaissance style by Robert von Reinhardt between 1877 and 1878 and destroyed in the Second World War.

history

The Rauch'sche Palais around 1900. On the left at the edge of the picture the Zehender house .
In the place of the Rauch'schen Palais at Marktplatz 13 there is the LASPA-Haus (Landessparkasse) built according to designs by Alexander Kemper

The spacious, almost palatial building was built between 1804 and 1807 on the corner of Kaiserstraße and Marktplatz according to plans by Nikolas Alexandre de Salins de Montfort and Johann Jakob Atzel for the merchants Christian von Rauch (1752-1808) and Moriz von Rauch (1754-1819 ) built. The building was to serve as the headquarters of the trading company as well as the home of the builder's families. The palace in the classicism style had four floors and its facade was divided into eleven axes. Gottlob Georg Barth designed the interior of the house . The Russian tsar made a guest appearance in the Rauch'schen Palais in 1815 and the King of Württemberg in 1840 . The Baroness Juliane von Krüdener is said to have met the Tsar here to convince him of the Holy Alliance.

In 1877 the palace was rebuilt in the Renaissance style by Robert von Reinhardt. In the prewar period, the building housed several shops, such as that of the jeweler Ludwig Kaempff, who was "bombed out" in the Rauchschen Palais during the air raid on Heilbronn in 1944, and moved into a new building at Allee 5 on December 11, 1950.

The air raid did not completely destroy the palace, so a photograph before the so-called “final battle” in March 1945 shows how all the outer walls of the palace were completely preserved.

In the post-war period plans by the city planner Volkart called for its reconstruction. Nevertheless, on February 26, 1948, the interior walls and on September 1, 1948 the remaining facade on the market square were torn down. In the first week of October 1948, the construction of a single-storey shop building for several shops began. This was done by the Ensel company. To this end, a shopfitting company was founded with the businessman Walter Glück as managing director. This project was financed by a trustee, Alfred Freudenberger. The shop building was still being built on November 5, before the topping-out ceremony on December 14, 1948. The rooms of the spacious shop buildings on the site of the former Rauch'schen Palais were later used by the Stoffhaus Model, whose main store at Sülmerstrasse 39 was rebuilt by 1951. At the end of 1968 the shops were finally demolished.

Today's LASPA house was built on the site of the Rauch'schen Palais in a “metropolitan style” based on designs by the architect Alexander Kemper .

description

The back of the Rauch'schen Palais (the high house with the inner courtyard to the right of the Kilian's Church) around 1895

Helmut Schmolz and Hubert Weckbach describe the building as follows:

"The west facade is neunachsig and through the Sockelgesims , two string courses in height of the floors of the first and second floor and a number of triangular and segment gables over the windows of the 2nd floor divided horizontally. A frieze runs around the house under the lower cornice, under the upper one (note: cornice) in the free areas between the windows there are two connected console stones . The ashlar masonry is emphasized on the ground floor and first floor. Between the windows of the second and third floor are from the upper string course up to the architrave over which a Fries wide, finely crafted, in the upper part of the running shaft fluted , ionizing Pilaster listed which divide the upper house strongly vertically and highlight. The windows of the upper floors are bordered with a wide, profiled stone wall . Small triangular dormers sit on the roof . "

Art historical significance

inner space

According to Julius Fekete, the Rauch'sche Palais was “one of the first significant total works of art of classicism in Württemberg” :

“The classicism of the 19th century. started with interior decoration. […] Heilbronn, on the other hand, was a leader in the field of secular building. Already at the beginning of the 19th century. several stately residential buildings documented the economic prosperity of the city. B. The Rauchsche Palais, built on the market square in 1804–07 according to designs by the Parisian architect NA de Salins de Montfort […] The Rauchsche Palais was one of the first significant total works of art of Classicism in Württemberg, GG Barth carried out the interior work from 1807. "

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Julius Fekete: Art and cultural monuments in the city and district of Heilbronn . 2nd Edition. Theiss, Stuttgart 2002, p. 16f.
  2. ↑ Helmut Schmolz / Hubert Weckbach: Heilbronn - The old town in words and pictures (1st volume), Konrad-Verlag, Weißenhorn 1966, No. 10 “Kilian's Church after the renovation from the market square, 1892”, page 18.
  3. ^ Wilhelm Steinhilber: The house in Feyerabendschen Park . In: Swabia and Franconia. Local history supplement of the Heilbronn voice . 9th year, no. 3 . Heilbronner Voice publishing house, March 30, 1963, ZDB -ID 128017-X .
  4. ↑ Renz / Schlösser, Chronik Heilbronn… 1945–1951 , p. 456 (Rauchsches Palais)
  5. ↑ http://www.stimme.de/bilder/bilder/Vor-60-Jahren-Bilder-zur-Serie;cme7235,296033#bild  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically defective marked. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.stimme.de  
  6. ↑ The second destruction on Stimme.de , February 21, 2008
  7. ↑ Renz / Schlösser, Chronik Heilbronn… 1945–1951 , p. 228, p. 260, p. 271, p. 277, p. 288 (Rauch's palace or shops in place of the earlier Rauch's palace)
  8. ^ Heilbronn - Young city on the way into the future . Druckhaus Heilbronn GmbH, Heilbronn 1970, p. 95
  9. ↑ Werner Föll: Chronicle of the city of Heilbronn. Volume X: 1970–1974 , Heilbronn 1999, [introduction from XXXI].
  10. ↑ Helmut Schmolz / Hubert Weckbach: Heilbronn - The old town in words and pictures (1st volume), Konrad-Verlag, Weißenhorn 1966, No. 10 “Kilian's Church after the renovation from the market square, 1892”, page 18.
  11. ^ The text follows Julius Fekete, Kunst- und Kulturdenkmale in Stadt und Landkreis Heilbronn , Theiss, Stuttgart 2002, p. 16f.

literature

  • Eberhard Gossenberger: Rauch's house . In: ders: Heilbronn's secular buildings from the 18th century. A contribution to the art history of the city of Heilbronn , Stuttgart Technical University Dissertation v. August 9, 1917 [1923], pp. 46-51.

Web links

Commons : Rauch'sches Palais  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 49 ° 8 ′ 31.6 ″  N , 9 ° 13 ′ 9.1 ″  E