Carl Dörr (painter)
.jpg)
Carl Friedrich Dörr , also Carl Friedrich Doerr or Karl Dörr (born March 27, 1777 in Tübingen , † February 2, 1842 in Heilbronn ) was a German draftsman , graphic artist , painter and musician of the Romantic era .
Life
youth
Carl Friedrich Dörr was born as the son of the Tübingen button maker Adam Friedrich Dörr and his wife Dorothea, b. Seeger, born. He came from a poor background and left Tübingen in 1791, at the age of 14, to take up an apprenticeship at an art dealer in Stuttgart . From 1796 he worked in Heilbronn in the Swabian industrial office and art publisher of Friedrich Carl Lang . Through this activity he probably came to painting, although this can possibly also be explained by a family disposition: the Tübingen portraitist Jakob Friedrich Dörr was his uncle and the university drawing teacher Christoph Friedrich Dörr was his cousin. After the company went bankrupt in 1798, Dörr went to Switzerland, where he stayed for a long time, including Basel , at that time one of the centers of vedute painting . There he trained himself as a landscape painter and musician.
Portrait intermezzo
Dörr returned to Germany with an abundance of Swiss sketches and lived in Heilbronn from 1814 until his death. There he first made several portraits, notably those of the family of a wealthy Heilbronn merchant named von Rauch. The design of the faces and the clothes is graphically sharp and realistic, which comes close to the style of Johann Baptist Seele . The cold colors, the pale light that brightly highlights the faces, and the sharp modeling go beyond soul. The bitter features - even in the portrait of the woman - are in no way softened. The sculptural and graphic disposition, the cool demeanor in which the people show themselves and the mental tension may have been influenced by the French portrait, for example by Ingres or David . Dörr's conception of people, which is expressed in these pictures, cannot be reconciled with the romantic views of the later years, so it is not surprising that he gave up portrait painting.
Luise von Rauch (oil painting, 1815)
The Heilbronn paper manufacturer Adolf von Rauch (oil painting, 1815)
The Heilbronn paper manufacturer Moriz von Rauch (oil painting, 1815)
.jpg)
Landscape painting
.jpg)
.jpg)
In Heilbronn, Dörr met Justinus Kerner , with whom he had a lifelong friendship, and other members of the Swabian poets' circle , in particular Karl Mayer and Ludwig Uhland . The friendship with the famous poet was certainly important for Dörr's artistic and social establishment. He also had a good reputation thanks to his ability to express himself in terms of art theory about his pictures. But he received permanent recognition thanks to the undisputed values of his skills. Dörr was a "big, fat, fun-loving man, infinitely good-natured ..." He continued to cultivate the contacts he had made in Basel: he went there several times and stayed there for a long time.
Although he lives in Heilbronn, Dörr never lost contact with his hometown Tübingen. He often came to Tübingen to draw vedutas. Some genre scenes from his hometown are also included in his estate. He exhibited his pictures there regularly. Since Tübingen did not have any special showrooms, these sales exhibitions took place in inns, as was the case with other traveling artists, for the first time in 1828 in the “Traube” inn. Inns were well suited for this purpose, because vedutas were mostly not bought by locals but by visitors who were visiting inns anyway. Shortly after Dörr's death there was also an exhibition of his pictures in the Tübingen “Lamm” inn.
The Württemberg Art Association has been buying Dörr's paintings since 1827. As a result, many have been preserved, including a large number of sketches from Switzerland.
Dörr died in his sleep at the age of almost 65 years. On the occasion of his death, Justinus Kerner wrote an obituary in the form of a poem (9 quatrains) of the landscape painter Karl Dörr's Tod .
Services
Dörr's landscapes can be divided into four groups: ideal romantic landscapes, documentary vedutas , genre scenes and moonlight landscapes . What was appreciated about his “transparent” pictures was that they represented a rare “mastery in the treatment of air and light”. Dörr knew how to combine this with “the lucky choice of the scenic points particularly suitable for such lighting” in such a way that they “create a truly magical impression” on both the connoisseur and the layperson. Its moonlight landscapes were particularly valued, unfortunately not a single one of them has survived.
Work (selection)
A small part of the works is in the collections of the City Museum Heilbronn (maximum 8) and the City Museum Tübingen (under 20). There is no oil painting among them, printing techniques ( aquatint and lithography ) predominate . How many of his works are in private hands cannot be estimated, since a catalog of his works was never created.
The Niedernauer Bad (aquatint, ca.1810)
Tübingen and Neckar Valley from Schlossberg (aquatint, approx. 1820)
Entrance to the Castle of Tübingen (colored aquatint, approx. 1825)
Weinsberg, Kernerhaus (Indian ink drawing, around 1826)
Anatomy Institute (lithograph, lithographed by Carl Friedrich Heinzmann , 1836)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_ca.1840_Inv.223_(TAM20).jpg)
Works on Tübingen and the surrounding area
All, unless otherwise stated, City Museum Tübingen
- ca.1810 The Niedernauer Bad (colored aquatint, 19 × 30 cm; Ludwigsburg Municipal Museum)
- ca.1820: View from Föhrberg to Tübingen and the Alb (aquatint, 24.3 × 35.2 cm)
- approx. 1820 Tübingen and Österberg from the height west of the Schlossberg (aquatint, 18.5 × 30 cm)
- approx. 1820 Tübingen from the Steinenberg (aquatint, 23.5 × 31 cm)
- approx. 1820 "Tübingen and the St. Blasii Bad" [= Bläsibad , in the background Bläsiberg ] (aquatint, 24 × 34 cm)
- approx. 1825: Tübingen from the Neckar side, Neckar milling on the right (aquatint, 24.5 × 36.3 cm)
- approx. 1825: View from Österberg, above a study of the castle and church (partly water-colored wash ink, 17.7 × 28.7 cm)
- approx. 1825 "Entrance to the Castle of Tübingen" (colored aquatint, 16.8 × 25.5 cm and 23 × 33.5 cm)
- approx. 1825: In the garden of the castle cooperage (washed ink and pencil, 17.3 × 25.8 cm, study on the next)
- ca.1825: In the garden of the castle cooperage (colored aquatint, 17 × 25.7 cm; also other formats)
- 1836: "View of the anatomical theater in Tübingen" [Anatomy Institute] (lithograph, 16.3 × 20.4 cm, drawn by Dörr, lithographed by Carl Friedrich Heinzmann)
Works on Heilbronn and the surrounding area
- approx. 1820 Weinsberg and the woman loyal to the southwest (colored etching)
- approx. 1820 The Heilbronn Wartberg (gouache)
- c. 1820 grape harvest in the Heilbronn area (colored aquatint, 25 × 35 cm)
- 1820/25 Markt zu Heilbronn (view to the east with town hall and Kilian's church; graphic print)
- approx. 1826 Kernerhaus in Weinsberg (ink drawing)
Portraits
- around 1815 Staff Captain Ignaz von Stadlinger (miniature; formerly Heilbronn City Museum)
- around 1815 Johann Moriz von Rauch [Heilbronner Kaufmann] (oil on canvas)
- around 1815 Luise von Rauch born. Merz [wife of JM von Rauch] (oil on canvas, 60 × 51.5 cm)
- around 1815 Moriz von Rauch [son of JM von Rauch] (oil on canvas)
- around 1815 Adolf von Rauch [son of JM von Rauch] (oil on canvas)
- around 1815 Portrait of a child from the von Orth family
Notes and individual references
- ↑ Life data after entry on Karl Dörr in the personal database of the state bibliography of Baden-Württemberg and according to the Heilbronn city archive, contemporary history collection, signature ZS-14934, entry on Carl Friedrich Doerr in the HEUSS database
- ↑ a b Werner Fleischhauer: Das Bildnis in Württemberg 1760-1860 , p. 161
- ↑ Werner Fleischhauer: Das Bildnis in Württemberg 1760-1860 , S. 161f
- ↑ Justinus Kerner lived in nearby Weinsberg since 1819 .
- ↑ Theobald Kerner : Das Kernerhaus und seine Zeiten , Berlin 1894, p. 97, quoted from: Christina Melk: Tübingen Views and Painters in the 19th Century , p. 41
- ↑ Werner Fleischhauer: The portrait in Württemberg 1760-1860 , p. 162
- ↑ Christina Melk: Tübingen Views and Painters in the 19th Century , p. 41
- ↑ Published in the morning paper for educated readers on November 22, 1842
- ↑ Justinus Kerner: The landscape painter Karl Dörr's death on TÜpedia.
- ↑ From the criticism of the university drawing teacher Heinrich Leibnitz and the aesthetics professor Friedrich Theodor Vischer on the occasion of the exhibition in the "Lamm", published in the "Tübinger und Rottenburger Intellektivenblatt" on February 17, 1843, quoted from: Christina Melk: Tübingen views and painters in the 19th century , P. 41
- ↑ destroyed in an air bomb attack on Heilbronn on December 4, 1944
- ↑ Portraits of the von Rauch family were first published in: Moriz von Rauch : History of the von Rauch family , Heilbronn, 1919
literature
- Christina Melk: Tübingen Views and Painters in the 19th Century , Tübingen 1986 (= Tübingen Catalogs No. 27)
- Andreas Pfeiffer (Hrsg.): Biedermeierliches Württemberg. Carl Dörr as a landscape painter. City Museums Heilbronn: Heilbronn 1979 (= Heilbronn Museum Catalog No. 10)
- Werner Fleischhauer : The portrait in Württemberg 1760-1860. History, artists and culture , Metzler: Stuttgart 1939
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Dörr, Carl |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Dörr, Carl Friedrich (full name); Doerr, Carl Friedrich; Dörr, Karl |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German draftsman, graphic artist, painter and musician of the Romantic period |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 27, 1777 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tübingen |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 2, 1842 |
| Place of death | Heilbronn |