Regiebetrieb (railway)

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The Regiebetrieb was the military operation of the railways in the French-occupied areas on the Rhine and Ruhr during and shortly after the Ruhr occupation in 1923 and 1924.

Causes of the management

As a result of the occupation of the Ruhr from January 11, 1923, the German government called for passive resistance. Among the more than 130,000 Germans who responded to the appeal and were subsequently expelled from the Franco-Belgian occupation, there were many railway workers. In order to ensure the removal of the reparations under these circumstances, the French and Belgian military took over the railway operations in the occupied territories under the name Régie des Chemins de fer des Territoires occupés .

Effects

Many military railroaders were not familiar with the German operating regulations and safety devices, so that in many places they were not operated or put out of service and the trains ran on sight . This led to a large number of collisions and other accidents.

Assassinations also made it difficult for the director to operate. With one exception, there was only property damage.

Accidents

  • February 8, 1923 - Kettwig railway accident
  • February 8 (?) 1923 - A French military train collided with a coal train between Herne and Wanne
  • February 15, 1923 - A military train derailed between Aachen and Düren
  • February 15, 1923 - A military train collides with a coal train near Krefeld
  • February 15, 1923 - A locomotive train consisting of five locomotives collided with a military train in Bochum-Dahlhausen , 2 dead and 11 injured
  • February 17, 1923 - Friedrichssegen , collision of two freight trains carrying passengers
  • February 18, 1923 - Bochum-Dahlhausen: Two trains driven by the French military collide because one was driving on the wrong track. Five people die and ten are injured as well.
  • February 18, 1923 - Accident in Brühl
  • February 18, 1923 - Accident between Herne and Recklinghausen
  • February 19, 1923 - Accident in Gelsenkirchen-Buer
  • February 20, 1923 - Accident in Bochum-Dahlhausen
  • February 21, 1923 - Another accident in Bochum-Dahlhausen
  • February 24, 1923 - Accident in Königsbach
  • March 16, 1923 - Two trains run by the French military collide in Friedrichssegen. Another accident of the same type is reported between the neighboring Niederlahnstein and Oberlahnstein train stations . Since the details of the accidents are not very precise, it could also have been the same accident.
  • March 16, 1923 - Accident in Hohenbudberg
  • March 17, 1923 - A military train collides with a locomotive in Friemersheim
  • May 9, 1923 - Railway accident in Sankt Goar
  • May 20, 1923 - A locomotive runs into a French military train between Kirberg and Liblar .
  • May 20, 1923 - Two trains collide in Oberhausen West
  • May 23, 1923 - Accident in Koblenz- Schützenhof, classified as sabotage by the French occupation forces.
  • June 19, 1923 - A freight train loaded with coke collided with a construction train between Wanne and Herne. Five cars were badly damaged.
  • June 19, 1923 - Shunting accident in the Herne-Crange district . Two French citizens are killed.
  • June 19, 1923 - Two shunting units collide in Wanne-Eickel main station
  • June 20, 1923 - One locomotive derailed and eight cars in tub
  • July 13, 1923 - 80 freight wagons run away in Bochum on a downward slope, derail and end up as a heap of rubble in Bochum North .
  • July 25, 1923 - A Regiebahn train had an accident in the south station of Friedrich Krupp AG in Essen . The locomotive and several cars are damaged.
  • July 30, 1923 - A freight train runs over a buffer stop in the Kaiserslautern marshalling yard . One railroad worker dies, two others are injured. 16 wagons are damaged, some seriously.
  • November 2, 1923 - Two freight trains collide head-on in the Bad Godesberg freight yard . One fatality, several injured.
  • January 21, 1924 - In Darmstadt , a train drives into the flank of a second train. 28 people are injured.
  • August 11, 1924 - Head-on collision at the Schwanenkamp Bridge in Essen
  • October 14, 1924 - Six line workers die in an accident in Essen.
  • October 24, 1924 - Railway accident in Mainz

The traffic performance decreased enormously during the operation. In 1924 only 41.4 million train kilometers were reached compared to 519.2 million train kilometers in 1922.

End of directorship and balance sheet

The directorial business was continued even after the end of the Ruhrkampf. With the entry into force of the Dawes Plan on September 1, 1924, the reason for the operation ceased to exist and on November 15, 1924 the railways were returned to the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft . During the operation, 23 locomotives and over 3,000 wagons were destroyed. The Reichsbahn suffered a loss of 2.64 billion gold marks as a result of property damage and loss of income .

literature

  • Klaus Kemp: Regiebahn. Reparations, occupation, war against the Ruhr, Reichsbahn. The railways in the Rhineland and the Ruhr area 1918-1930 , EK-Verlag, Freiburg / Breisgau 2016, ISBN 978-3-8446-6404-1
  • Hans-Joachim Ritzau: Shadow of the railway history - catastrophes of the German railways . Part II, 1993, ISBN 3-92130-486-5

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Klaus Kemp: Regiebahn. Reparations, occupation, war against the Ruhr, Reichsbahn. The railways in the Rhineland and the Ruhr area 1918–1930 . EK-Verlag , Freiburg 2016. ISBN 978-3-8446-6404-1 . P. 296
  2. ^ Hans Joachim Ritzau: Railway disasters in Germany. Splinters of German history . Vol. 1: Landsberg-Pürgen 1979, p. 84.
  3. ↑ a b c Kemp: Regiebahn , p. 297
  4. ↑ a b c d Kemp: Regiebahn , p. 298
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g Kemp: Regiebahn , p. 299
  6. ↑ Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz (ed.): Special Official Gazette of the Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz of November 15, 1924, No. 48, p. 519, contains only the appeal by Reich Minister of Transport Rudolf Oeser : To the officials, employees and workers of the railways of the occupied Area .