Reinold von Dithmarschen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Reinold von Dithmarschen († July 6, 1164 at Verchen ) was a Ministerialer Heinrich the Lion , who used him in Northern Albingia as Count of Dithmarschen , on the Ertheneburg and in Lübeck . Reinold established the Reinoldesburch in Rendsburg . Alongside Adolf II von Holstein and Heinrich von Badewide , Reinold was the most important partisan of the Duke of Saxony north of the Elbe.

Reinold's origin is unknown. A kinship with the Counts of Stade is occasionally assumed. Afterwards Reinold is to be a son of Count Siegfried of Ertheneburg and Oda von Heinsberg, which is in turn a grandson of the Marquis Luder-Udo I would have acted.

It is certain that Reinold, at an unknown time after the death of Count Siegfried von Ertheneburg on 1/9 May 1134 was appointed Count of the strategically important Ertheneburg by Heinrich the Lion. This blocked the Elbe crossing of the Alte Salzstrasse , an important trade route between Lüneburg and Lübeck. On the right bank of the Elbe, Reinold von der Burg commanded over the Sadelbande on the high bank of the Elbe, the land Boizenburg in the east and the Vierlande in the west. To the north the county of Ratzeburg joined Heinrich von bathing side, in the west with Hamburg the dominion center of Adolf II of Holstein.

According to an entry in the Ratzeburg tithe register, Reinold founded the village of Lütau in the Sadelbande , probably between 1158 and 1164. In 1161, Reinold appears in the list of witnesses for the Artlenburg privilege exhibited at the Ertheneburg as comes de Lvibyke , i.e. as Count of Lübeck.

In 1148 Heinrich the Lion had raised his Ministerial Reinold to Count von Dithmarschen. The residents had previously killed the alien Count Rudolf II von Stade. Heinrich took the legal position that with the death of the last living male member of a sex, a county fell to the duke and occupied it with Reinold. Despite this exposed position, Reinold would have found it difficult to establish a position of power in Dithmarschen that was independent of the duke. The farmers had already killed his three predecessors. Against the resistance of the Dithmarschers, he was only able to secure his political survival by closely following the Duke.

Around 1150, Reinold built the Reinoldesburch, named after him, on the Eider Island in today's Rendsburg, at the crossroads of two trade routes between Holstein and Schleswig , namely the Eider and the Ochsenweg .

Reinold fell on July 6th, 1164 in the Battle of Verchen , when he faced the first wave of Slavic attacks unarmed at the side of Adolf II von Holstein, while most of the other knights hid from the attackers or ran away.

Up until the 1980s, research assumed that the Counts of Dithmarschen, Ertheneburg, Lübeck and Rendsburg were up to four different people with the same name.

literature

Remarks

  1. ^ Günther Bock: Ratzeburg and the Billunger - Polabia as Slavic-Saxon contact region of the 11th and 12th centuries. in: Natural and regional studies. Journal for Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg and Mecklenburg. Vol. 122 (2015), pp. 209–216, here p. 217.
  2. ^ Family tree with Günther Bock: Upheavals in Polabia during the 11th century. In: Felix Biermann u. a. (Ed.): Transformations and upheavals of the 12th / 13th centuries Century. (= Contributions of the section on Slavic early history at the 19th annual conference of the Central and East German Association for Ancient Studies in Görlitz, March 1st to 3rd, 2010) Langenweißbach 2012, pp. 67–82, p. 77.
  3. ↑ Jörg Meyn: Graf Siegfried und die Ertheneburg , in: Lauenburgische Heimat , Neue Reihe, Vol. 181, Ratzeburg 2009, pp. 81–92, here p. 84.
  4. ^ Karl Jordan (Ed.): The documents of Heinrich the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria. , Stuttgart 1957–1960, certificate no. 48.
  5. ↑ Helmut Willert: Count Reinold von Dithmarschen. Reflections and comments on Henry the Lion's policy in the North Elbe. In: Journal of the Society for Schleswig-Holstein History. Vol. 111 (1986), pp. 19-38, here p. 22.
  6. ↑ Joachim Ehlers: Heinrich the lion. Biography. Siedler, Munich 2008, ISBN 3-7881-0149-0 , p. 160.
  7. ↑ Helmut Willert: Count Reinold von Dithmarschen. Reflections and comments on Henry the Lion's policy in the North Elbe. In: Journal of the Society for Schleswig-Holstein History. Vol. 111 (1986), pp. 19-38, here pp. 19 f. with an illustration of the different views.
personal data
SURNAME Reinold von Dithmarschen
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Count of Dithmarschen, Ertheneburg, Lübeck
DATE OF BIRTH 12th Century
DATE OF DEATH July 6, 1164
Place of death Forgive