Racing rowing
Racing rowing is a form of rowing in which a specified distance is to be covered in the shortest possible time.
Usually occur the rowers in competitions, regatta called directly opposite each other on a regatta course at. The Olympic distance in rowing is 2000 meters, but most of the DRV regattas only cover a distance of 1000 meters. However, there are also sprint races, mostly over a distance of 350 meters, such as the rowing Bundesliga , but also long-distance races over a longer distance, such as the Rhine Marathon from Leverkusen to Düsseldorf .
Competitions
Most of the competitions in rowing are called regattas . In addition to the competitions on the water - mostly in winter - ergometer competitions are held on rowing ergometers . Probably the most famous rowing competition is the Boat Race between the aft of Oxford and Cambridge Universities .
International competitions
World and European championships are held annually in rowing . Furthermore, the Rowing World Cup has also been held every year since 1997 , at three different stations each year. Rowing is also an Olympic summer sport, so every four years there are rowing competitions in the 14 Olympic boat classes. These competitions as well as other international regattas are held according to the competition rules of the FISA , mostly over a distance of 2000 meters or 1500 meters in the junior area.
National competitions
Regattas in Germany are usually carried out according to the "Rowing Competition Rules " (RWR) of the DRV , for children up to 14 years of age the "Regulations for Conducting Boys and Girls Competitions" apply, but organizers can adapt the existing rules (depending on the circumstances). Most regattas have a length of 1000 meters, but sprint regattas (mostly over 350 meters) and long-distance regattas over 6 kilometers or 3 kilometers are also held in the youth area.
Examples:
- German championship rowing
- Rowing Bundesliga
- National competition for boys and girls
Boat classes
Racing rowing boats differ from touring rowing boats in that they are built much lighter and have a smaller cross-section. This enables significantly higher speeds to be achieved with racing rowing boats.
In racing rowing, a distinction is made between the Olympic boat classes, which are also used in the Olympic rowing regatta, and the non-Olympic boat classes, which are only used at world championships.
Olympic boat classes
There are a total of 14 Olympic boat classes or competitions spread over six different boat types. The six boat types can be divided into three scull and three oar boats. Since the 2018 World Rowing Championships, there have been an equal number of competitions for men and women. The number of competitions has remained at 14 since 1976. However, over the course of time, competitions have been added and others deleted.
| Men: | Women: |
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Non-Olympic boat classes
There are a total of 6 non-Olympic boat classes, three each for men and women.
| Men: | Women: |
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Para boat classes
Rowing has been a Paralympic sport since 2008. There are nine boat classes at international level (World Championships and Paralympics ). Four of them are Paralympic. In contrast to the rowers without disabilities, there are also mixed competitions in which half of the team consists of men and women. The athletes are divided into three classes according to their disabilities. The Olympic distance of 2,000 m has been rowed since 2017.
PR1
In this class, the athlete only row with arms and shoulders in a single row, as trunk stability is impaired or lacking in these athletes. For this reason, the rower's torso is firmly fixed to the boat. Floats under the outriggers of the boat are mandatory. The two competitions are Paralympic.
- Female Fixed Fit One (PR1W1x)
- Male Fixed Fit One (PR1M1x)
PR2
The rowers are fixed to the boat by their thighs. In addition to arms and shoulders, propulsion also takes place with the upper body. Only the double scull is a Paralympic boat class.
- Mixed doubles twos (PR2Mix2x)
- Female Fixed Fit One (PR2W1x)
- Male Fixed One (PR2M1x)
PR3
The rowers can perform the complete rowing movement with their whole body. Here athletes with impaired vision or light amputations row. Only the foursome is Paralympic.
- Mixed foursome with helmsman (PR3Mix4 +)
- Mixed doubles twos (PR3Mix2x)
- Men-strap-twos
- Women's strap twos (PR3W2-)
Distances
Since many regattas take place on natural routes, there are regattas over extremely many distances. The following are the most common.
| length | Art | Notes and example |
|---|---|---|
| 350-500 m | Sprint course | Rowing Bundesliga , Vienna Nightrow , German Sprint Championships; Standard route for children under 12 years |
| 1000 m | Normal distance | Standard middle distance of 12 to 14 year old children, and the Masters as well as in college rowing |
| 1500 m | Normal distance | Standard middle distance for 15/16 year olds (Juniors B) |
| 2000 m | Olympic distance | Standard middle distance of Seniors A (open class), Juniors A (U19) and Seniors B (U23) |
| 3000 m | Endurance racing | Standard long distance for 12 to 14 year olds and youngsters (children) |
| 6000 m | Endurance racing | Standard long distance for B / A juniors and seniors. There are races in, for example, Dortmund (central long distance) and Leipzig (early test) |
| 6800 m | Endurance racing | Boat Race and Head of the River Race |
World best times
Official world records were held in the Olympic rowing disciplines until the mid-1950s. However, since these depend very much on external influences such as currents, wind and waves, but also on the water depth and temperature, no official world records are held today. In order to still be able to offer benchmarks for comparison, for example at world championships, FISA uses official world best times.
Age groups
Competitions are advertised for different age groups:
- Children (up to 14 years, in Austria this age group is called schoolchildren, in Switzerland "Juniors C" [Juniors C = 14 years and younger]),
- Juniors B (U17, will be 15 or 16 years old in the current calendar year),
- Juniors A (U19, will be 17 or 18 years old in the current calendar year),
- Seniors B (U23, will be 19 to 22 years old in the current calendar year),
- Seniors A (open age group)
- Masters (minimum age 27).
Rowing in regattas in the Masters category begins for the rower in the year in which he / she turns 27. There are the following age groups:
- Masters A: Minimum age 27 years
- Masters B: from 36 years, in the team boat minimum average age 36
- Masters C: from 43 years, in the team boat minimum average age 43
- Masters D: from 50 years, in the team boat minimum average age 50
- Masters E: from 55 years, in the team boat minimum average age 55
- Masters F: from 60 years, in the team boat minimum average age 60
- Masters G: from 65 years, in the team boat minimum average age 65
- Masters H: from 70 years, in the team boat minimum average age 70
There are several peculiarities in master rowing. On the one hand, there is an age balance between the rowers, since the average age is formed (e.g. a Masters C-two can consist of a 60 year old and a 28 year old rower (father and son)). Furthermore, in the Masters area, female helmsmen are allowed to steer male boats (and vice versa).
Weight classes
In addition to the age groups, a distinction is made between two weight classes in the children's, junior and senior areas, lightweight and normal weight (also open class). For a detailed list of weight limits, see: Lightweight (Rowing) #Weight Limits and Weighing .
training
In addition to training on the water, there are many other ways for racing rowers to organize their training. The most common are briefly broken down below.
Rowing ergometer
A rowing ergometer is a piece of sports equipment that simulates rowing movements. It is mainly used for endurance training in winter and is also suitable for comparing athletes' performance.
The rowing ergometer is now enjoying great popularity beyond rowing, for example in fitness studios.
Strength training
Since rowing is an endurance sport, strength training is essential, especially in racing rowing .
See also
- rowing
- Rowing World Championships
- European Rowing Championships
- One rowing (skiff)
- List of Olympic champions in rowing
- Rowing regatta
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b boat classes. In: www.rudern.de. German Rowing Association, accessed on July 30, 2020 .
- ↑ Age groups. (No longer available online.) In: www.rudern.de. German Rowing Association, archived from the original on February 8, 2016 ; accessed on February 8, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Rowing competition rules (RWR) of the German Rowing Association; valid from January 1, 2016. (PDF; 666 kB) (No longer available online.) In: www.rudern.de. German Rowing Association, archived from the original on April 29, 2016 ; Retrieved April 29, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ lightweight rowing. (No longer available online.) In: www.rudern.de. German Rowing Association, archived from the original on February 8, 2016 ; accessed on February 8, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
