Rhapis excelsa
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Rhapis excelsa |
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| ( Thunb. ) A. Henry ex Rehder |
Rhapis excelsa (stick palm ) is a species of the palm family (Arecaceae). It is a popular houseplant .
description
Rhapis excelsa are woody plants. As a rule, the growth form is bush-like from a large number of individual trunks standing together. These reach heights of growth between 90 and 120 centimeters and trunk circumference of up to 8 centimeters. The stems are densely covered with dry leaf sheaths and coarse fibers.
The leaves are large leaflets ( palm fronds ) that are about 30 centimeters long. They are green on both sides and divided into six to nine leaflets on the leaf spindle. The leaflets are relatively uniform, curved or drooping and broadened at the tip. The hastula (a ligule-like formation on the petioles of many fan palms) is fibrous. The petiole is about 20 centimeters long and is at the base in a fibrous, cocoa-colored leaf sheath that surrounds the stem axis.
Rhapis excelsa is single sexed ( monoecious ). The seated flowers are threefold and yellow in color. The male flowers have a three-part, cup-like calyx and a three-lobed crown . There are six stamens in the male flowers . There are small, glandular rudiments of the stamp .
The female flowers are very similar, but the cup is stalked and carpels are clearly visible with a short style , but without stamens.
The closing fruits are small with a soft pericarp and a spherical seed about 3 millimeters in diameter . The endosperm is homogeneous.
distribution
The original homeland is today's People 's Republic of China and the Indochinese Peninsula . In the case of the occurrences in Japan and the Malay Archipelago, it is unclear whether they are natural or introduced. The occurrences in Pakistan are certainly neophytic .
Systematics
This species was described by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1784 as Chamaerops excelsa . This taxon was until about 1850 as a synonym for Rhapis until Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius the hemp palm ( Trachycarpus ) under this name described. After the hemp palms were placed in the new genus Trachycarpus by Hermann Wendland in 1861 , the name Chamaerops exelsa was from then on as a synonym or as the basionym for Trachycarpus fortunei or Trachycarpus excelsa . Later, however, it turned out that Thunberg had actually described two Rhapis species with Chamaerops excelsa : Rhapis excelsa and Rhapis humilis . Augustine Henry first used the new nomenclature in 1913 in the book "The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland". This revision was only published validly after the death of Augustine Herny at his request by Alfred Rehder in the Journal of the Arnold Arboretum.
Since then, Chamaerops excelsa has been Thunb. the basionym and a synonym for Rhapis excelsa .
In Italy and Spain in particular , however, the Trachycarpus fortunei is still almost exclusively referred to as Chamaerops excelsa and is usually marketed under this name. Therefore, the erroneous view that Chamaerops excelsa is a synonym for the hemp palm Trachycarpus fortunei is still widespread today .
Another synonym for Rhapis excelsa is Rhapis flabelliformis L'Hér. ex Aiton , Trachycarpus excelsus (Thunb.) H. Wendl.
use
This species is a popular houseplant , especially in conservatories. It tolerates shady locations and is relatively cold tolerant.
The plant removes formaldehyde , xylenes , toluene and ammonia from the air .
literature
- Kamal A. Malik: Rhapis excelsa . In: Flora of Pakistan . tape 86 , p. 27 ( online [accessed May 18, 2008]).
Web links
Individual evidence
Most of the information in this article is taken from the source given under literature; the following sources are also cited:
- ^ Carl Peter Thunberg: Chamaerops excelsa . In: Flora Japonica . 1784, p. 130 ( online [accessed May 18, 2008]).
- ^ Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius: Historia Naturalis Palmarum . TO Weigel, Leipzig 1850, p. 156 ( online [accessed May 18, 2008]).
- ^ HJ Elwes, A. Henry: The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland . tape 7 , 1912, pp. 1690 .
- ^ Alfred Rehder: Rhapis excelsa . In: Journal of the Arnold Arboretum . tape 11 , no. 3 , 1930, p. 153 .
- ↑ Rhapis excelsa. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) . Retrieved May 18, 2008 .
- ↑ P. Reimherr: Rhapis excelsa "Steckenpalme" . In: Plants for indoor greening and the home conservatory . Bavarian State Institute for Viticulture and Horticulture, Würzburg / Veitshöchheim ( online [PDF; accessed on May 18, 2008]).
- ↑ Pottorff, L. Plants "Clean" Air Inside Our Homes. Colorado State University & Denver County Extension Master Gardener. 2010.
- ^ Wolverton, BC (1996) How to Grow Fresh Air . New York: Penguin Books.
- ^ Wolverton, BC and JD Wolverton. (1993). Plants and soil microorganisms: removal of formaldehyde, xylene, and ammonia from the indoor environment. Journal of the Mississippi Academy of Sciences 38 (2), 11-15.