Rhoiptelea chiliantha

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Rhoiptelea chiliantha
Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden I
Order : Beech-like (Fagales)
Family : Walnut family (Juglandaceae)
Genre : Rhoiptelea
Type : Rhoiptelea chiliantha
Scientific name of the  genus
Rhoiptelea
Diels & Hand.-Mazz.
Scientific name of the  species
Rhoiptelea chiliantha
Diels & Hand.-Mazz.

Rhoiptelea chiliantha is the only plant species of the genus Rhoiptelea in the walnut family (Juglandaceae). The English common name is "Horsetail tree". The fine wood is used to manufacture furniture and equipment.

description

Rhoiptelea chiliantha is a deciduous tree that reaches heights of growth of up to 20 meters and a trunk diameter of about 60 cm. They contain resins and essential oils . The bark of young twigs, stipules, petioles and inflorescences are densely covered with yellow glands and hairs. The alternately arranged, stalked, aromatically scented leaves are unpinnate with (7 to) 9 to 11 (to 13) serrated leaflets . The petiole is 3 to 4 cm long, the leaf is 15 to 30 (to 40) cm long without a stem. The small, asymmetrical stipules are 3 to 6 mm long.

The inflorescences are composed of three-flowered partial inflorescences , hanging catkins that are about 15 to 30 (up to 38) cm long. There are hermaphrodite and sterile female, small, radial symmetry flowers . The inflorescence consists of only four identical, small bracts. There are six free, fertile stamens with short stamens. Two carpels to a top permanent ovary grown. The two styluses are free. Pollination takes place via the wind ( anemophilia ). The flowering period extends from October to January.

A brownish-yellow, four-ribbed nut is formed when ripe (in July to August) , which is 5 to 8 mm wide with the two membranous wings. The elliptical seeds are about 2 mm in size. The two cotyledons are thick and oily.

Occurrence

The distribution is subtropical to tropical: from southern China (northern and western Guangxi , southern Guizhou and southeastern Yunnan ) to northern Vietnam . There this species grows on slopes, in valleys and in gallery forests of rivers at altitudes between 700 and 2500 meters. In Vietnam this species is considered endangered.

There are also fossil pollen finds from North America.

Systematics

Research led the genus as a separate family Rhoipteleaceae for a while. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group reunited them with the walnut family (Juglandaceae).

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Liguo Fu, Yiqun Xin, Bruce Bartholomew: Rhoipteleaceae , Rhoiptelea chiliantha . In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-27-X , pp. 20 (English). , PDF file (English).
  2. ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group : An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 161, No. 2, 2009, pp. 105-121, DOI: 10.1111 / j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x .

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