Pink blooming milkling
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Pink blooming milkling ( Lactarius acris ) |
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| ( Bolton ) Gray |
The pink blooming milkling ( Lactarius acris ) is a fungus from the family of the deaf-like. It's a medium-sized milkling with a sticky smeary hat that is suede or light to dark brown in color. The white, hot-tasting milk quickly turns pink-red regardless of the meat. The fruiting bodies appear mostly gregarious in base-rich, but nutrient-poor, beech forests between July and November. Other names for this Milchling are Scharfer Milchling and Lubricating Korallen-Milchling . The Latin species attribute acris means sharp.
features
Macroscopic features
The hat is (3.5) 5–8 cm wide and flat arched when young, but soon spreads out. The brim of the hat is usually slightly bent and slightly wavy. It is smooth and sometimes finely notched with age. The middle of the hat is usually light, with age it is more depressed or funnel-shaped. Sometimes it has a small papilla or a smaller hump. The hat skin is smooth and moist, shiny and greasy. When dry, it is dull and often also wrinkled radially. The hat is initially whitish to cream in color, sometimes also pinkish brown in color and then usually becomes light to dark brownish. Often the hat is also marbled with darker and lighter areas and whitish towards the edge.
The lamellas are attached to the stem or run down easily. They are medium-wide and are moderately dense. Only a few slats are forked. They are cream-colored when young and then increasingly light ocher. The spore powder is ocher yellow.
The full and, with age, hollow handle measures 3–7 × 0.5–2.5 cm. It is cylindrical or slightly club-shaped or widened below the lamellae. Sometimes it is tapered towards the base and more often it is irregularly compressed. The stem surface is smooth. When young, the stalk is whitish and frosted along its entire length, then pale cream-colored and later glabrous and ocher with pinkish-brown spots. If you touch a young, fresh fruiting body on the stem, it turns more or less yellowish.
The whitish flesh is quite firm and turns pink to flesh pink within a few seconds when cut or if injured. It tastes mild at first, but after a few seconds it tastes hot. Most of the sharpness disappears after a while. The smell is faint but chemically unpleasant. The whitish milk flows quite abundantly and turns pinkish-red after a while, even without coming into contact with the meat. It eventually dries up whitish. Like the meat, the milk tastes mild at first, then after a short time very hot and after a few minutes like haddock.
Microscopic properties
The round to rounded spores are 7.0–8.7 µm long and 6.6–8.1 µm wide. The Q value (quotient of spore length and width) is 1.0–1.1. The spore ornament is up to 1.5 and sometimes up to 1.8 µm high and fairly regular, but the ribs often appear as if divided. In addition to the ribs, there are some irregular, isolated warts, the majority of which are connected to a network. The Hilarfleck is amyloid in the distal part. The rather clubbed to bulbous basidia measure 40–57 × 10–12 µm and each have four spores. The lamellar cutting edge is sterile, but there are numerous, diverse, 25–50 µm long and 4–7 µm wide paracystids . These are often spindle-shaped or irregularly wound and usually taper towards the top. Your cell walls are thin-walled and translucent. There are no pleural or macro cystids .
The cap skin consists of ascending, partially bent, hyphae ends 10–40 µm long and 3–6 µm wide . These are cylindrical to rather club-like, often slightly heady and thin-walled at the top. The hyphae are embedded in a 50 µm thick layer of mucus. In between there are individual pseudocystids , including elongated, short-celled to isodiametric cells that are 10-25 µm long and 7-12 µm wide. The Pileipellis has an ixooedotrichoderm or ixotrichopalisadic structure.
Species delimitation
The pink blooming milk can be recognized easily and safely even in nature. It is the only Milchling in which the white milk turns pink in the air within a few seconds and in which the hat is greasy when wet. This clearly differs from the smoke-colored and soot-colored Milchling , both of which can be found in comparable locations.
ecology
Like all Milchlinge, the rose-blooming Milchling is a mycorrhizal fungus that enters into a symbiotic partnership with beech in particular . Sometimes oaks can also serve as hosts.
The Milchling can be found particularly in beech and mixed beech forests over lime, but also in oak-hornbeam forests and in clearings. The fungus prefers base-rich and nutrient-poor, fresh loess, brown earth and limestone soils, but occurs on neutral to acidic soils. The fruiting bodies appear singly or gregariously between July and November, predominantly in the hills and mountains.
distribution
The pink blooming milkling occurs in North Asia (Korea, Japan), North America (USA) and Europe.
| South / Southeast Europe | Western Europe | Central Europe | Eastern Europe | Northern Europe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spain, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bulgaria |
France, Belgium, Netherlands, Great Britain, Ireland |
Switzerland, |
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, Ukraine |
Denmark, Norway, Sweden, |
The species occurs in Germany very scattered and mostly solitary. On the German Red List it is in the hazard category RL 3. In Switzerland the fungus is quite common, but not common.
Systematics
Inquiry systematics
Bon puts the pink blooming milkling in the Fuliginosi section , Heilmann-Clausen and Basso in the Plinthogalus sub-genus . The coral milklings, as the representatives of the section or sub-genus are also called, have a white milk that turns pink or reddish brown in the air. Their hats are milk coffee brown, brown to sooty black-brown in color.
meaning
The pink blooming milk is considered inedible because of its sharp taste. In Eastern Europe it is eaten after appropriate pre-treatment. To do this, the mushrooms are salted and watered until they lose their bitterness and sharpness.
literature
- LR Hesler & Alexander H. Smith .: Lactarius acris. North American species of Lactarius. In: University of Michigan Herbarium Fungus Monographs / quod.lib.umich.edu. Retrieved September 16, 2011 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Synonyms of Lactarius acris. In: speciesfungorum.org. Index Fungorum, accessed June 20, 2011 .
- ^ A b Hans E. Laux: The new cosmos PilzAtlas . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-440-07229-0 , pp. 190 .
- ↑ a b Jacob Heilmann-Clausen and others: The genus Lactarius . Fungi of Northern Europe. Ed .: The Danish Mycological Society. Vol. 2, 1998, ISBN 87-983581-4-6 , pp. 150-153 (English).
- ↑ a b c Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (ed.): Pilze der Schweiz. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 6: Russulaceae. Milklings, deafblings. Mykologia, Luzern 2005, ISBN 3-85604-060-9 , p. 42.
- ↑ a b Lactarius acris in the PILZOEK database . In: pilzoek.de . Retrieved September 12, 2011.
- ^ German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 376.
- ↑ Worldwide distribution of Lactarius acris . In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org . Retrieved September 14, 2011.
- ↑ Jacob Heilmann-Clausen among others: The genus Lactarius . Fungi of Northern Europe. Ed .: The Danish Mycological Society. Vol. 2, 1998, ISBN 87-983581-4-6 , pp. 271 (English).
- ↑ a b Marcel Bon (ed.): Parey's book of mushrooms . Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 96 .
Web links
- Lactarius acris. In: Russulales News / mtsn.tn.it. Retrieved June 20, 2011 (English, photos and brief description).
- Lactarius acris. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved on November 23, 2011 (Italian, Some photos from the Rosaanlaufender Milchling).