Rust-bellied Amazil

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Rust-bellied Amazil
Rust-bellied Amazil

Rust-bellied Amazil

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Amazilia hummingbirds ( Amazilia )
Type : Rust-bellied Amazil
Scientific name
Amazilia amazilia
( Lesson & Garnot , 1827)

The rust-bellied amazilia ( Amazilia amazilia ) or sometimes also called the lessonamazilie , is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The species has a large range that includes the South American countries Peru and Ecuador . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The rust-bellied amazilie reaches a body length of approx. 9 to 10 cm, whereby the red bill with black tip is approx. 18 to 21 mm. The head and the back have a metallic green shine, with the upper wing coverts being somewhat more matt and darker. The flight feathers are brown with a slight copper engraving. The rump and the upper tail-coverts are rust-red. The throat glistens bluish green. The breast, the belly and the under tail coverts are rust-red, with the under tail coverts lined with white.

distribution and habitat

The birds move mainly in desert scrub, in bushland, in deciduous forests and in the gardens of the lowlands. Usually they can only be found at altitudes below 1000 meters, but regionally also up to 2400 meters. While they seem to prefer dry areas, they are occasionally found in wetter areas.

behavior

Little is known about the behavior of the rust-bellied amazily.

Vocalizations

The call sounds like a series of gasping chatter and warble. The chatter of A. a. amazilia sounds like a waning seet seeuuu . The reputation of A. a. leucophoea sounds similar, but the seet see sew su so calls are somewhat more extensive. The reputation of A. a. dumerilii sounds like a short jert with a rattle or occasionally like a lovely tsip .

Subspecies

Distribution area of ​​the rust-bellied amazilie

So far, six subspecies are known:

  • Amazilia amazilia alticola Gould , 1860 occurs in southern Ecuador. It is similar to A. a. leucophoea , but is significantly larger. In addition, the cheeks and the sides of the neck show less golden-green coloration. The underside is clearly whiter in color.
  • Amazilia amazilia azuay Krabbe & Ridgely , 2010 is common in southwest Ecuador. It is similar to A. a. alticola , but differs in its clearly whiter underside with only a little rust-brown.
  • Amazilia amazilia dumerilii ( Lesson , 1832) occurs in western Ecuador and north-western Peru. It differs from the nominate subspecies by a white spot in the lower neck area and belly. The tail is mostly green.
  • Amazilia amazilia leucophoea Reichenbach , 1854 is widespread in northwestern Peru. It is similar to A. a. dumerilii , from which it differs by its reddish-brown tail.
  • Amazilia amazilia amazilia ( Lesson & Garnot , 1827) occurs in western Peru.
  • Amazilia amazilia caeruleigularis Carriker , 1933 is found in southwestern Peru. In contrast to the nominate form, the entire throat is glittering blue.

According to André-Alexander Weller from the Alexander Koenig Zoological Research Museum , A. a. alticola can be a distinct species due to differences in their natural habitat and vocalization . The South American Check-list Committee questions this analysis and calls for further research on this complex topic.

Etymology and history of research

René Primevère Lesson and Prosper Garnot described the rust-bellied amazilia under the name Orthorhynchus Amazilia . The type specimen came from Callao . Only later was it added to the genus Amazilia . Lesson is often the only author to be found in literature. Since the delivery of 4 of the plates appeared before the first description by Lesson in 1828, both are considered to be the first authors. The word Amazilia comes from a novella by Jean-François Marmontel , who reported on an Inca heroine named Amazili in Les Incas, Ou La Destruction De L'empire Du Pérou . The word "alticola" is a combination of the Latin words "altus" for "high" and "-cola, colere" for "residents, inhabit". The word "azuay" stands for the Ecuadorian province of Azuay . With »dumerilii«, Lesson honors André Marie Constant Duméril for his numerous scientific works that are connected to his name. The word »leucophoea« is derived from the Greek word »leukophaēs λευκοφαής « for »shimmering white«. Another Latin word formation is »caeruleigularis«, which is composed of »caeruleus« for »dark blue« and »-gularis, gula« from »-throat, throat«.

literature

  • Thomas Scott Schulenberg, Douglas Forrester Stotz, Daniel Franklin Lane, John Patton O'Neill, Theodore Albert Parker III : Birds of Peru . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2007, ISBN 978-0-7136-8673-9 .
  • Robert Sterling Ridgely, Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide. Status, Distribution, and Taxonomy . tape 1 . Princeton University Press, Princeton 2001, ISBN 0-8014-8720-X (a).
  • Robert Sterling Ridgely, Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide. Field Guide . tape 2 . Princeton University Press, Princeton 2001, ISBN 0-8014-8720-X (b).
  • Melbourne Armstrong Carriker, Jr .: Description of new birds from Peru, with notes on other little-known species . In: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia . tape 85 , 1933, pp. 1-38 ( books.google.ca [accessed February 10, 2014]).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach: Enumeration of the hummingbirds or trochilids in their true natural relationship, including the key to their systematics . In: Journal of Ornithology . tape 2 , Extraheft, 1854, p. 1-24 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed February 10, 2014]).
  • René Primevère Lesson : Histoire Naturelle des Colibris, suivie d'un supplement a l'histoire naturelles des Oiseaux-Mouches; Ouvrage orné de planches dessinées et gravées par les meilleurs artistes, et dédié à M. le Baron Cuvier . Arthus-Bertrand, Paris 1830 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • René Primevère Lesson, Prosper Garnot: Voyage autour du monde exécuté par Ordre du Roi, sur la Corvette de Sa Majesté, La Coquille pendant les années 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825, sous le ministère et conformément aux instructions de SEM Marquis de Clermont- Tonnerre, ministre de la marine; et publié sou les auspices de son excellence Mgr le Cte ​​de Chabrol, ministre de la Marine et des colonies, par ML Dupppery, capitaine de frégate. chevalier de Saint-Louis et membre de la legion d'honaire, commandant de l'expédition . tape 1 : Zoology , No. 2 . Arthus-Bertrand, Paris 1828 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed February 10, 2014]).
  • Niels Kaare Krabbe, Robert Sterling Ridgely: A new subspecies of Amazilia Hummingbird Amazilia amazilia from southern Ecuador . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 130 , no. 1 , 2010, p. 3-7 .
  • John Gould: Description of twenty-two new species of Humming-birds . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 28 , 1860, p. 304-312 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed February 10, 2014]).
  • in Louis Isadore Duperrey: Voyage autour du monde exécuté par Ordre du Roi, sur la Corvette de Sa Majesté, La Coquille pendant les années 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825, sous le ministère et conformément aux instructions de SEM Marquis de Clermont-Tonnerre, ministre de la marine; et publié sou les auspices de son excellence Mgr le Cte ​​de Chabrol, ministre de la Marine et des colonies, par ML Dupppery, capitaine de frégate. chevalier de Saint-Louis et membre de la legion d'honaire, commandant de l'expédition . tape 2 : Atlas , Mammifères, Oiseaux (plate 31, figure 3). Arthus-Bertrand, Paris 1830 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed February 10, 2014]).
  • John Todd Zimmer , Wilfred Hudson Osgood: Catalog of the Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library . In: Field Museum of Natural History . tape 16 , 239 (part 1), 1926, pp. 1–364 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed February 16, 2014]).
  • André-Alexander Weller : Biogeography, geographic variation and habitat preference in the Amazilia Hummingbird, Amazilia amazilia Lesson (Aves: Trochilidae), with notes on the status of Amazilia alticola Gould . In: Journal of Ornithology . tape 141 , no. 1 , 2000, pp. 93-101 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01651776 .

Web links

Commons : Rust-bellied Amazilie ( Amazilia amazilia )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Thomas Scott Schulenberg u. a., p. 250.
  2. ↑ a b Robert Sterling Ridgely et al. a. (2001a), p. 356.
  3. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  4. ^ John Gould, p. 309.
  5. ↑ André-Alexander Weller, p. 96.
  6. ↑ Niels Kaare Krabbe u. a., p. 3.
  7. ↑ Robert Sterling Ridgely et al. a. (2001b), p. 263.
  8. ↑ René Primevère Lesson (1832), p. 172 (plate 36).
  9. ↑ Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach, p. 24.
  10. ↑ a b c René Primevère Lesson u. a. (1827), p. 683 (plate 3).
  11. ↑ a b Melbourne Armstrong Carriker, Jr., p. 6.
  12. ^ André-Alexander Weller
  13. ↑ Proposal (# 138) to South American Check-list Committee Recognize Amazilia alticola as a species distinct from A. amazilia ( Memento of the original from April 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.museum.lsu.edu
  14. ↑ John Todd Zimmer et al. a., p. 188. A detailed explanation of the cora hummingbird is given here. The case of the rust-bellied amazilia is to be treated analogously. Zimmer's analysis is also followed by Edward Clive Dickinson , Leslie K. Overstreet, Robert Jack Dowsett, Murray D. Bruce: Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology. A Directory to the Literature and its Reviewers. Aves Press, Eastbourne 2011, ISBN 978-0-9568611-1-5 .
  15. ↑ James A. Jobling p. 43
  16. ↑ Niels Kaare Krabbe u. a., p. 6.
  17. ^ René Primevère Lesson (1832), p. 173.
  18. ↑ James A. Jobling p. 224.
  19. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 82.