Rottachsee
| Rottachsee | |||||||||
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 38 '0 " N , 10 ° 21' 45" E | ||||||||
| Data on the structure | |||||||||
| Construction time: | 1984-1990 | ||||||||
| Height above valley floor: | 38 m | ||||||||
| Height above foundation level : | 42.70 m | ||||||||
| Building volume: | 265 000 m³ | ||||||||
| Crown length: | 190 m | ||||||||
| Crown width: | 10 m | ||||||||
| Power plant output: | 480 kW | ||||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||||
| Altitude (at congestion destination ) | 851 m above sea level NN | ||||||||
| Water surface | 3.13 km² | ||||||||
| Total storage space : | 28.45 million m³ | ||||||||
| Catchment area | 29.75 km² | ||||||||
| Design flood : | 30 m³ / s | ||||||||
The Rottach dam , also Rottach lock , Rottach storage or Rottachsee called, a 4.8 kilometer long is the reservoir of Rottach km with a circumference of 12.8 and an area of 296 hectares in the district of Oberallgäu , Schwaben , Bavaria , about 15 kilometers south of Kempten , in the municipality of Sulzberg . It is the largest swimming lake in the Oberallgäu and the water temperature can reach up to 23 ° C in summer.
prehistory
The first considerations for a reservoir in the Rottachtal are very old, they were made in 1904. The plan then took on more concrete forms in 1936. In the autumn of that year, according to a report in the Münchner Neuesten Nachrichten of March 6, 1937, detailed investigations of the site were carried out at some of the restricted areas. At that time there was even talk of three lakes with a total area of over 1000 hectares. The extensive project was intended to generate electricity and can be seen in connection with the creation of jobs by the Nazi rulers at the time. Even then, numerous affected people reported who objected to the plans. The project was then no longer pursued because of the war.
When the energy demand grew rapidly in the post-war years, the Rottach storage project was taken up again. The Allgäuer Überlandwerk , the regional energy supply company, is now planning a reservoir with a size of around 100 hectares for a peak load power plant . Resistance arose again from the landowners affected and the neighboring communities of Moosbach and Petersthal . A "protection association for those affected by the Rottach reservoir project" was founded, but it soon did not appear with the necessary unity. The first farmers sold their land. Despite the somewhat uncoordinated resistance, the energy supply company oriented itself differently and gave up the reservoir.
In the 1970s, the reservoir project was taken up again, this time by the Bavarian state, and not primarily because of the generation of energy, but for water management reasons. In addition, it was now planned to be more than three times as large. Numerous reasons for the need have been cited. Raising the water level on the Iller and Danube when the water level is low, in addition to improving the water quality, is necessary to secure the supply of drinking water on these rivers and to ensure the required cooling water for the Gundremmingen nuclear power plant on the Danube. However, the persuasiveness of these arguments was not so convincing for many participants as well as observers that they justified the huge encroachment on the landscape. In particular, the affected farmers and nature conservationists saw valuable, fragmented natural landscape with rare animal and plant species as well as agricultural areas of the Oberallgäu irretrievably perish with the planned Rottach Reservoir and vehemently rejected the project. Nevertheless, major protests did not form until the mid-1980s, when construction of the project had already started. But then the resistance came too late. Neither a lawsuit before the Bavarian Administrative Court nor a petition in the Bavarian state parliament could stop the already approved and started construction.
On the occasion of the official commissioning of the reservoir by the then State Secretary for the Interior Herbert Huber, a richly illustrated brochure was published on the “sparkling clean bathing lake” in which the then Bavarian Minister of the Interior Edmund Stoiber describes the water reservoir as a “really successful combination of technology and nature”. For the conservationists, however, doubts remained about the necessity and efficiency of the storage facility, even though it fits in nicely with the Allgäu landscape today and numerous new endangered species have found a new home in the storage facility.
Construction and commissioning
In 1978 the planning approval procedure for the 70 million mark project was completed. The tunnel construction began in 1983, followed by the dam construction in 1986 and the clearing of the storage space from 1989 to 1992. In April 1990, the trial construction began and the official commissioning took place on October 14, 1992.
use
The Rottachsee is used for flood protection , raising the low water levels of the Iller and Danube and generating electricity from hydropower . For this purpose, a flow turbine with an output of 480 kW is operated in the hydropower plant . The plant generates around 1.6 million kWh per year. The dam has a 38 m high and 190 m long earth dam . The dam is 70 m high. The lake and some areas of its shore, in particular the terrain of a pre-storage area separated from the rest of the lake near the hamlet of Bisseroy, are used as recreational areas. The area around the reservoir is now known as a biotope because many plants and animals have settled.
Flora and fauna
Habitats for animals and plants have been created in ecologically protected areas. Islands, shallow water zones and deep water areas form many different locations for flora and fauna. The lakeshore consists of meadow and occasionally gravel.
Fish species
Fish species that are native to the Rottachsee:
swell
- ↑ a b Rottachsee . ( allgaeuerseenland.de [accessed June 19, 2018]).
- ↑ a b c Norbert Herrmann: Petersthal - history of an Allgäu community , Verlag für Heimatpflege, Kempten 1976.
- ↑ Andreas Roß: Resentment builds up in the Rottachspeicher . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung of October 14, 1992, Bavaria, p. 57.
- ↑ Andreas Roß: Waves in the Rottachspeicher are smoothing out . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung of July 9, 1991, Bavaria, p. 20.
- ↑ Description of the Rottachsee hydropower plant on the Landeskraftwerke Bayern GmbH website , accessed on June 1, 2013
- ↑ Fishing . ( allgaeuerseenland.de [accessed June 19, 2018]).
Web links
- Dieter Schade: 25 years of Rottachspeicher In: Kreisbote.de, September 11, 2017 (accessed November 19, 2017)
- The Rottachsee, a page of the water management office with live picture
- Rottachsee on the side of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment