Rudolph Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan

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The Earl of Cavan, 1915

Frederick Rudolph Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan KP , GCMG , GCVO , KCB , ADC (born October 16, 1865 in Ayot Saint Lawrence , Hertfordshire , † August 28, 1946 in London ) was a British field marshal .

Lord Cavan was in command of various units on the Western Front during World War I and later Commander in Chief of the British Army in Italy. Although he was already retired at the beginning of the war, he was one of the most successful British troop leaders of the world war. After the war he was Chief of the Imperial General Staff from 1922 to 1926 .

Life

General Earl Cavan, detail from the painting General Officers of World War I by John Singer Sargent

Frederick Lambart was born on October 16, 1865 in Ayot St Lawrence, Hertfordshire , to Frederick Edward Gould Lambart, Viscount Kilcoursie, who later became the 9th Earl of Cavan , and Mary Sneade Olive. He was brought up first by private tutors, then attended Mr Cornish's School in Clevedon , Somerset, and then Eton College . After graduating from the Royal Military College at Sandhurst in 1885, he joined the Army as a Second Lieutenant in the Grenadier Guards .

Military career before the First World War

Lieutenant Lambart served in London and Dublin until he went to Canada in 1891 as adjutant to the Governor General , Lord Stanley . In 1893 he returned to his regiment in the UK back in 1897 for Captain (captain) promoted and gave in 1900 his position as regimental adjutant on to the Boer War a company to run. He became adjutant in 1904, deputy commander in 1906 and commander of the 1st battalion from 1908 to 1912. In 1902 he was the Major, 1908. Lieutenant Colonel (Lt. Col.) and 1911 to Colonel (Colonel) been promoted. In 1913 Lord Cavan, as he was known since the death of his father in 1900, prematurely retired from active service to devote himself only to the management of his estates near Wheathampstead in Hertfordshire.

First World War

After the outbreak of war in 1914, Lord Cavan was reactivated and initially received command of the 2nd Brigade of the 1st (London) Division in the Territorial Army. Shortly afterwards he was sent to France to succeed the wounded Robert Scott-Kerr , commander of the 4th (Guards) Brigade , and was appointed Temporary Brigadier General . From June 1915 he led the 50th (Northumbrian) Division , from August 1915 the newly established Guard Division and from January 1916 the also newly established XIV Corps . With the latter he took part in the Battle of the Somme in 1916 and the Third Battle of Flanders in 1917. In 1915 he was made Major General and in 1917 Lieutenant General . With the XIV. Corps he earned the reputation of being the most successful British corps commander on the Western Front.

In November 1917, Cavan's restructured XIV Corps was the first British unit to be relocated to the Italian theater of war after the Italian government requested military support following the disaster of the Battaglia di Caporetto (the Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo, or the Battle of Good Freit ). After Plumer's return to France, Cavan took his position as Commander in Chief of the British Armed Forces in Italy in 1918. Later that year he was given command of the Italian 10th Army , with which he fought in the Second and Third Battles of the Piave . In the latter, the Battle of Vittorio Veneto , the last battle in Italy in which the Austro-Hungarian army was finally defeated, he played a decisive role in the victory of the Allies.

After the war

After the war, Lord Cavan was Lieutenant of the Tower of London and Commanding General of Aldershot Command from 1920 to 1922 . In 1921 he took part in the Washington Naval Conference as a military advisor to Arthur Balfours and followed Sir Henry Wilson as Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS) in February 1922 . After four years in this position, Cavan retired from active service in 1926.

After his retirement in 1927 he accompanied his second wife, Lady Hester Joan Mulholland nee. Byng, daughter of Francis Edmund Cecil Byng, 5th Earl of Stafford - his first wife Caroline Inez Crawley had died in 1920 - the Duke and Duchess of York on a world tour and was Captain of the Honorable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms from 1929 to 1931 . In 1932 he was appointed field marshal, traveled through India in 1934 and commanded the coronation celebrations for George VI in 1937 . the military parade. Since 1925 he was an honorary colonel in the Irish Guards .

Frederick Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan, died in London on August 28, 1946 .

House of Lords

Lord Cavan had a seat in the House of Lords from September 24, 1915, as one of the 28 Irish representative peers and successor to Francis Needham, 3rd Earl of Kilmorey until his death . He was one of the last Irish peers in the UK Parliament.

Awards

Web links

Commons : Rudolph Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan  - collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
Henry Hughes Wilson Chief of the Imperial General Staff
1922–1926
George Milne
Frederick Lambart Earl of Cavan
1900-1946
Horace Lambart