Sphagnum russowii

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Sphagnum russowii
Musgo do genero Sphagnum cobre formação rochosa em rio sig.JPG

Sphagnum russowii

Systematics
Class : Sphagnopsida
Order : Sphagnales
Family : Sphagnaceae
Genre : Peat Moss ( Sphagnum )
Section : Sphagnum sect. Acutifolia
Type : Sphagnum russowii
Scientific name
Sphagnum russowii
Warnst.

Sphagnum russowii is a peat moss thatis assigned tothe genus Sphagnum and belongs to the division of the deciduous moss (Bryophyta). In the German-speaking region it is called Russow-Torfmoos , Russows Torfmoos and Russowsches Porfmoos or Derbes Porfmoos .

description

Features of the plant

The Russow peat moss is a normal size peat moss in loose lawns , which can also be designed compact in exposed stands. The plants with the trimmed, star-shaped heads are colored from pale green to yellow-brown to pink and purple-red. The metallic luster is missing when dry.

The stems are colored red and green. The mostly rectangular cells of the stems epidermis contain a single, round or ovoid, distally arranged pore ; some cells and even entire stems are occasionally pore-free. The tongue-shaped, 1.3 to 1.6 mm long stem leaves possess a wide rounded or tapered and the edge notched, sometimes toothed blade tip . The leaf edge is strongly developed at the base with more than a quarter of the leaf width. The hyaline cells are short rhombic, mostly without fibrils and undivided or simply (up to twofold) divided.

The long and slender branches that attach to the trunk and are in fascicle-like or whorl- like tufts with two protruding and one or two hanging branches are never leafed in five rows. The ovate-lanceolate , 1.3 to 1.6 millimeter long branch leaves run straight and are concave in cross section; the tip of the leaf is strongly rolled up. The hyalocytes on the convex outer side of the leaf have numerous round to elliptical pores along the edges adjacent to the chlorocytes , with the shape changing from small, round pores away from the tip of the leaf to large, elliptical pores towards the base of the leaf. The concave inside of the leaf usually has large, round pores throughout; sometimes they are limited to the proximal parts of the leaf.

Sexual characteristics

The gender orientation is characterized by the diocesan or dioecious form of gender distribution. However, some specimens appear to be monoecious or monoecious. The sporophytes are not often developed. The spore capsules ripen from late spring to early summer. The spores of the Russow peat moss measure 18 to 33 micrometers and have coarse growths on both surfaces .

Occurrence and distribution

The Russow peat moss is circumpolar in the Holarctic . The habitats located in the low- lying to the middle- lying areas are nutrient-poor to nutrient-rich transitional and fens , forest swamps with moist coniferous forests , bristle grass and brook edges with acidic pH values of 3.4 to 4.8. The occurrences on the North American continent are described with Greenland , the entire area of Canada and largely the north and northeast of the United States . Russow peat moss is widespread in Europe . Central European occurrences are known for example from Germany , Austria , Switzerland and Poland .

The Russow peat moss is a centered peat moss ( sphagnum centrale ), the deceptive peat moss ( sphagnum fallax ), the fringed peat moss ( sphagnum fimbriatum ), the Girgensohns peat moss ( sphagnum girgensohnii ), the five-line peat moss ( sphagnum quinquefarium ) and Sphagnum squarrosum associated .

Systematics

The Russow peat moss was first described in 1886 by Carl Friedrich Warnstorf in Hedwigia , Volume 25, Page 225 . It is in the Acutifolia section of the genus Sphagnum within the monogeneric family Sphagnaceae. When synonyms are Sphagnum robustum Röll and sphagnum acutifolium var. Robustum called Russow.

Hazardous situation and protective measures

The species is provided with endangerment categories in various national Red Lists of endangered species in Germany and in some of its countries and Switzerland. The European Union and its member states are countering the threat by taking protective measures for the peat moss genus .

literature

  • Cyrus B. McQueen, Richard E. Andrus: Bryophytes: Mosses, part 1 . Sphagnaceae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America . tape 27 . Oxford University Press, New York a. a. 2007, ISBN 978-0-19-531823-4 , 81.Sphagnum russowii Warnstorf, p. 97 (English, efloras.org [accessed on March 11, 2011] section description and distribution).
  • Jan-Peter Frahm, Wolfgang Frey, J. Döring: Moosflora . Ed .: UTB 1250. 4th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-2772-5 , Bryophytina, Laubmoose, p. 161 to 164 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Sphagnum russowii Warnst. in the red list of endangered species in Germany and its federal states. science4you, accessed on March 10, 2011 .
  2. ↑ a b Dr. Ludwig opinion and Wiebke Schröder: Derbes peat moss Sphagnum russowii. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 20, 2016 ; accessed on August 2, 2011 (website of the project “Die Moose Deutschlands” according to information from the distribution atlas of Moose Germany as of 2007). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.moose-deutschland.de
  3. ↑ Jan-Peter Frahm, Wolfgang Frey, J. Döring: Moosflora . Ed .: UTB 1250. 4th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-2772-5 , Bryophytina, Laubmoose, p. 162 (information on Sphagnum russowii in the description of the Acutifolia section ).
  4. ↑ a b c C. Warnstorf: Two types of Sphagna from the Acutifolium group . Sph.Russowii Warnst. nov. spec. In: Field Museum of Natural History (ed.): Hedwigia . tape 25 , no. 1 . C. Heinrich., Dresden 1886, p. 225 to 227 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed March 9, 2011] scan from Biodiversity Heritage Library).
  5. ↑ a b Sphagnum russowii . Distribution map (GBIF observations). European Environment Agency, accessed March 10, 2011 .
  6. ↑ Klaus Weddeling & Gerhard Ludwig: 2. The mosses (Bryophyta, Marchantiophyta, Anthocerophyta) of the FHH guideline . Section 2.14 / Code 1409 / Appendix V: Sphagnum L. In: Bundesamt f. Naturschutz Bonn (Hrsg.): Series of publications for landscape management and nature conservation issue 69 (1) . The European system of protected areas Natura 2000 - ecology and distribution of species of the Habitats Directive in Germany. tape 1 : Plants and Invertebrates. Münster (Landwirtschaftsverlag), 2003, ISBN 978-3-7843-3617-6 , p. 744 ( weddeling.info [PDF; 55 kB ; accessed on March 12, 2011] pp. 310-311: Information on Sphagnum russowii ).
  7. ^ Eva Maria Temsch: Peat moss for beginners and professionals. In: Homepage of a botanist. Retrieved on October 13, 2011 ( Sphagnum arten in Austria).
  8. ↑ Norbert Schnyder; Ariel Bergamini; Heike Hofmann; Niklaus Müller; Cécile Schubiger-Bossard; Edwin Urmi: Red List of Endangered Species in Switzerland: Mosses . Information on Sphagnum russowii. Ed .: Federal Office for the Environment, Forests and Landscape BUWAL. S. 87 ( page no longer available , search in web archives: bafu.admin.ch [accessed on March 12, 2011] edition 2004).@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.bafu.admin.ch
  9. ↑ Sphagnum russowii. European locations. European Environment Agency, accessed March 12, 2011 .
  10. ^ Cyrus B. McQueen, Richard E. Andrus: Bryophytes: Mosses, part 1 . Sphagnaceae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America . tape 27 . Oxford University Press, New York a. a. 2007, ISBN 978-0-19-531823-4 , 78.Sphagnum quinquefarium (Lindberg) Warnstorf, p. 96 (English, efloras.org [accessed on March 11, 2011] section description and distribution).

Web links

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