Ruthenium red

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Structural formula
Structure of the ruthenium red cation + 6 Chloride ion
General
Surname Ruthenium red
other names
  • Ruthen Red
  • CI 77800
  • Tetradecaammine-di-µ-oxo-triruthenium (III, IV) hexachloride hydrate
Molecular formula H 42 Cl 6 N 14 O 2 Ru 3
Brief description

dark red to purple, odorless solid

External identifiers / databases
CAS number 11103-72-3
EC number 802-133-7
ECHA InfoCard 100.228.922
PubChem 16218584
Wikidata Q424006
properties
Molar mass 786.35 g mol −1
Physical state

firmly

density

3.11 g cm −3

Melting point

200 ° C (decomposition)
from 85 ° C release of water of crystallization

solubility

soluble in water

safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases H: no H-phrases
P: no P-phrases
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Ruthenium red , also known as ruthenium red , is a complex salt of the metal ruthenium , which is used as a dye in botanical and zoological histology to stain specific polysaccharide structures. According to the chemical nomenclature , the name is: Tetradecaammine-di-µ-oxo-triruthenium (III, IV) -hexachloride hydrate with the semi-structural formula [(NH 3 ) 5 Ru 3+ -O-Ru 4+ (NH 3 ) 4 - O-Ru 3+ (NH 3 ) 5 ] Cl 6 · H 2 O.

Extraction and presentation

Ruthenium red can be produced by reducing ruthenium (III) chloride dissolved in hydrochloric acid with ethanol and then reacting with an ammonia solution.

properties

Ruthenium red is a purple-red, shiny copper, crystalline solid. At 85 ° C he loses two moles of water of crystallization, at 150 ° C the rest. The anhydrous complex remains stable up to 200 ° C. It is soluble in 0.1 N ammonia . The extremely intense red color is still visible at a dilution of 1 ppm. The compound is a sensitive redox indicator that changes from red to yellow in acidic solution due to oxidation.

use

Ruthenium red is used in zoology to stain mucopolysaccharides ; in botany , pectin structures can be used, e.g. B. that of the collenchyma , stain. The stained structures appear bright red under a light microscope, in accordance with the name given to the dye.

Experimentally, ruthenium red is used to investigate calcium transport , as it particularly inhibits the intracellular calcium release of the ryanodine receptor and the absorption of calcium into the mitochondria . Furthermore, ruthenium red inhibits the polymerisation of tubulin dimers and modulates the aggregation of FtsZ during the cell division of bacteria .

In addition, ruthenium red is also used as a redox indicator and for testing textile fibers.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c data sheet ruthenium red (PDF) from Merck , accessed on February 23, 2010.
  2. ↑ a b data sheet ruthenium red from AlfaAesar, accessed on February 23, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
  3. ^ Datasheet Ruthenium Red from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on August 11, 2019 ( PDF ).
  4. ↑ Heraeus Precious Metals - Analytics and Biochemistry
  5. ↑ a b c Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1751.
  6. ↑ Tripathy, Lee Xu Ashutosh, Pasek, Daniel A., Meissner, Gerhard; Potential for Pharmacology of Ryanodine Receptor / Calcium Release Channels; Ann NY Acad Sci 1998 853: 130-148; PMID 10603942 .
  7. ↑ Hajnóczky G Csordás G, the S, Garcia-Perez C, Saotome M, Sinha Roy S, Yi M .; Mitochondrial calcium signaling and cell death: approaches for assessing the role of mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake in apoptosis .; Cell Calcium 2006; 40 (5-6): 553-560; doi : 10.1016 / j.ceca.2006.08.016 .
  8. ↑ Manas Kumar Santra, Tushar K. Beuria, Abhijit Banerjee and Dulal Panda: Ruthenium Red-induced Bundling of Bacterial Cell Division Protein, FtsZ ; June 18, 2004; The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279, 25959-25965, doi : 10.1074 / jbc.M312473200
  9. ↑ Omikron Online: Ruthenium Red for Microscopy