Ruthenium red
Structural formula | ||||||||||||||||
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General | ||||||||||||||||
Surname | Ruthenium red | |||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | H 42 Cl 6 N 14 O 2 Ru 3 | |||||||||||||||
Brief description |
dark red to purple, odorless solid |
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properties | ||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 786.35 g mol −1 | |||||||||||||||
Physical state |
firmly |
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density |
3.11 g cm −3 |
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Melting point |
200 ° C (decomposition) |
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solubility |
soluble in water |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||||||||
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As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Ruthenium red , also known as ruthenium red , is a complex salt of the metal ruthenium , which is used as a dye in botanical and zoological histology to stain specific polysaccharide structures. According to the chemical nomenclature , the name is: Tetradecaammine-di-µ-oxo-triruthenium (III, IV) -hexachloride hydrate with the semi-structural formula [(NH 3 ) 5 Ru 3+ -O-Ru 4+ (NH 3 ) 4 - O-Ru 3+ (NH 3 ) 5 ] Cl 6 · H 2 O.
Extraction and presentation
Ruthenium red can be produced by reducing ruthenium (III) chloride dissolved in hydrochloric acid with ethanol and then reacting with an ammonia solution.
properties
Ruthenium red is a purple-red, shiny copper, crystalline solid. At 85 ° C he loses two moles of water of crystallization, at 150 ° C the rest. The anhydrous complex remains stable up to 200 ° C. It is soluble in 0.1 N ammonia . The extremely intense red color is still visible at a dilution of 1 ppm. The compound is a sensitive redox indicator that changes from red to yellow in acidic solution due to oxidation.
use
Ruthenium red is used in zoology to stain mucopolysaccharides ; in botany , pectin structures can be used, e.g. B. that of the collenchyma , stain. The stained structures appear bright red under a light microscope, in accordance with the name given to the dye.
Experimentally, ruthenium red is used to investigate calcium transport , as it particularly inhibits the intracellular calcium release of the ryanodine receptor and the absorption of calcium into the mitochondria . Furthermore, ruthenium red inhibits the polymerisation of tubulin dimers and modulates the aggregation of FtsZ during the cell division of bacteria .
In addition, ruthenium red is also used as a redox indicator and for testing textile fibers.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c data sheet ruthenium red (PDF) from Merck , accessed on February 23, 2010.
- ↑ a b data sheet ruthenium red from AlfaAesar, accessed on February 23, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
- ^ Datasheet Ruthenium Red from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on August 11, 2019 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Heraeus Precious Metals - Analytics and Biochemistry
- ↑ a b c Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1751.
- ↑ Tripathy, Lee Xu Ashutosh, Pasek, Daniel A., Meissner, Gerhard; Potential for Pharmacology of Ryanodine Receptor / Calcium Release Channels; Ann NY Acad Sci 1998 853: 130-148; PMID 10603942 .
- ↑ Hajnóczky G Csordás G, the S, Garcia-Perez C, Saotome M, Sinha Roy S, Yi M .; Mitochondrial calcium signaling and cell death: approaches for assessing the role of mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake in apoptosis .; Cell Calcium 2006; 40 (5-6): 553-560; doi : 10.1016 / j.ceca.2006.08.016 .
- ↑ Manas Kumar Santra, Tushar K. Beuria, Abhijit Banerjee and Dulal Panda: Ruthenium Red-induced Bundling of Bacterial Cell Division Protein, FtsZ ; June 18, 2004; The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279, 25959-25965, doi : 10.1074 / jbc.M312473200
- ↑ Omikron Online: Ruthenium Red for Microscopy