SAS-965

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Saporoshez
SAS-965A
SAS-965A
SAS-965 / SAS-965A
Production period: 1960-1969
Class : Small car
Body versions : limousine
Engines:
Gasoline engines : 0.75-0.9 liters
(17-22 kW)
Length: 3330 mm
Width: 1395 mm
Height: 1450 mm
Wheelbase : 2023 mm
Empty weight : 650-665 kg
successor SAS-966

The SAS-965 " Zaporozhets " ( Ukrainian ЗАЗ-965 "Запорожець" , Russian ЗАЗ-965 "Запорожец" ) and his successor SAS-965A "Zaporozhets" are small cars of the Soviet , today Ukrainian , manufacturer Saporisky Awtomobilebudiwny Zavod (SAS) in Zaporizhia which were manufactured from 1960 to 1969.

Fiat 600 standard from 1959, which was very similar to the SAS-965

The body is self-supporting. The front part up to the B-pillar is very similar to the Fiat 600 built from 1955 and - like this one - also has doors hinged at the rear ( suicide doors ). The rear end and technology differ greatly from the Italian model. Because of its unusual shape, the car was nicknamed "the hunchback" in the GDR. Because of its similarity to the Fiat 600, it was also called "Volksfiatowitsch". "Fiatowitsch" is an artificial word based on the Russian language pattern and means "son of Fiat" in German.

prehistory

In autumn 1956 it was decided to develop a small car for series production. The development department of the Moskvich presented the prototype MZMA-444 in October 1957. The body of the test vehicle already looked similar to that of the SAS-965, which later went into series production. The undersizing and unreliability of the originally used air-cooled two-cylinder engine of the type MD-65 from the Irbit motorcycle factory with a displacement of 650 cm³ and 17.5 hp delayed the introduction.

Three more prototypes followed by 1959 with an air-cooled two-cylinder engine with 649 cc and 18 hp developed by NAMI . Advertising brochures of this prototype were already distributed at the world exhibition in Brussels in 1958 .

In 1959 it was decided to entrust the development and series production of the small car to the Kommunar plant in Zaporizhia , which originally specialized in the production of agricultural machinery . The developers rejected the two-cylinder engine and designed an air-cooled four-cylinder engine. However, further technical modifications had to be made. Instead of the planned 12-inch wheels, 13-inch wheels were used because of the numerous unpaved roads in the Soviet Union. This also necessitated changes in the design of the wheel suspension and the wheel arches .

SAS-965 (1960-1963)

On June 18, 1959, the new small car was presented for the first time in roughly the same form as it was later produced. The vehicle was initially called the Kommunar . On November 22, 1960 it went into series production as the Saporoshez 965. It was shown for the first time at the Leipzig trade fair in 1961, although it was openly stated that the body was not really an in-house development. Compared to the Fiat 600 D, however, the greater space in the passenger compartment was emphasized. This was made possible by a different rear design and, compared to the prototype, a space-saving, air-cooled V4 engine with a 90 ° bank angle and 746 cm³ displacement. In order to achieve an even firing interval, the crankshaft was cranked four times (firing order 1-3-4-2). The engine, partly made of aluminum , develops 23 hp (17 kW) at 4000 rpm. The drive unit was developed at NAMI. The four-speed transmission was in front of the rear axle. All wheels were suspended individually, the rear wheels on pendulum half-axles , the front ones on crank arms . The little car accelerated to 60 km / h in 17 s and reached a top speed of 80 km / h. The gasoline consumption was given as 6.5 liters per 100 km. The Saporoshez 965 cost 1,800 rubles .

In the first year, the car was still manufactured in a factory, it was not until the end of 1961 that assembly lines began.

The SAS-965 had some serious shortcomings: the car tended to oversteer and the heating was not designed for the low temperatures in winter. As a result, the heating system was redeveloped and tested in the West Siberian town of Schadrinsk .

SAS-965A (1962-1969)

SAS-965A Saporoshez (1962-1969)
SAS-965A Saporoshez (1962-1969)

A further developed model appeared in 1962. In addition to a facelift , which was noticeable, among other things, in changed air intakes , a redesigned logo and the changed position of the parking lights , the SAS-965A was equipped with a larger engine, which initially produced 27 hp with a displacement of 887 cm³ ( 20 kW) at 4000 rpm. The top speed was 90 km / h and the acceleration was 13.5 s / 0–60 km / h. The fuel consumption was 5.5 liters per 100 km.

From 1962 special vehicles were also produced from this model, such as a right-hand drive for the post office with a letter tray instead of the rear seat. In 1963 a handicapped accessible vehicle with the designation SAS-965B with an electromagnetic clutch was launched.

In 1966, the output was increased to 30 hp (22 kW) at 4000–4200 rpm with the same displacement. This allowed a top speed of 100 km / h. Production of the Saporoshez 965 ceased in 1969.

As early as 1966, the successor to the Saporoshez 966 W appeared with the engine of the SAS-965A, but a more modern body.

export

From 1965, the SAS-965A model was exported to various countries in the Eastern Bloc, but also to Belgium and Austria . Here he was sold under the name Yalta .

From 1967 the SAS-965A was available for 7,530 marks in the GDR. The space in the interior was larger than the Fiat 600, but it was less popular than the Trabant 601 because it offered a smaller trunk than this and the shape of the vehicle was not very much appreciated. In addition, the car could not convince in terms of finish or workmanship, which on the one hand earned it a reputation for unreliability. On the other hand, it was robustly constructed, so that the SAS-965 earned the nickname Iron Pig because of its resilience .

literature

  • Volksfiatowitsch . In: Der Spiegel . No. 30 , 1960 ( online - July 20, 1960 , about the first model and its role models VW and FIAT 600).
  • Hein Werner: I drive a Saporoshez. Type 965A, 966, 968, 968A . 4th revised edition. transpress VEB publishing house for transport, Berlin 1979, DNB  800134826 .
  • Michael Birken: Stalin's Last Revenge. Adventurous novel . Fuchsbau Verlag, 2001, ISBN 3-8311-1266-5 (A journey with the Saporoshez through the GDR).
  • Nasur Yurushbaev, Jefim Replijansky: Saporoshez. Built from 1960–1994. From bread roll holder to T 34 Sport. Vehicles of the East . UAP Video, Leipzig 2013 (DVD, 45 min).

Web links

Commons : SAS-965 and SAS-965A  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bernard Vermeylen: Cars from the Eastern Bloc: All models since 1945 . Delius Klasing, Bielefeld 2010, ISBN 978-3-7688-3149-9 , p. 232.
  2. ↑ Bernard Vermeylen: Cars from the Eastern Bloc: All models since 1945 . Delius Klasing, Bielefeld 2010, ISBN 978-3-7688-3149-9 , p. 233.
  3. ^ The motor vehicle industry of the USSR in the seven-year plan from 1959 to 1965. In: Motor vehicle technology . 9/1959, pp. 370-373.
  4. ↑ Presented in Leipzig - the Saporoshez . In: Motor vehicle technology 05/1961, p. 199.
  5. ↑ From international motoring . In: Motor Vehicle Technology 11/1960, pp. 448–449.
  6. ↑ Bernard Vermeylen: Cars from the Eastern Bloc: All models since 1945 . Delius Klasing, Bielefeld 2010, ISBN 978-3-7688-3149-9 , p. 233 f.
  7. ↑ Bernard Vermeylen: Cars from the Eastern Bloc: All models since 1945 . Delius Klasing, Bielefeld 2010, ISBN 978-3-7688-3149-9 , p. 234.
  8. ↑ a b Saporoshez - The cult car from Ukraine. on: helpfull.de - the expert portal. Retrieved January 24, 2014.
  9. ↑ Iron pig and Snow White's coffin: nicknames of cult bodies . In: Handelsblatt of April 27, 2011 (accessed February 28, 2020)