Sabina (Italy)
The Sabina is a historical region in the Sabine Mountains of the Apennines . The name refers to the Sabine people who lived there in antiquity , a sub-tribe of the Indo-European Sabellers . Today the area belongs mainly to the province of Rieti in the Lazio region . Other parts belong to southern Umbria ( Cascia , Amelia , Narni , Accumoli and Norcia ) as well as to the Abruzzo region .
The Sabines were immediate neighbors of the Romans. A part is said to have settled on Quirinal , Esquiline and Viminal and with the Latins ( Roma quadrata on the Palatine ) under their leaders Titus Tatius and Romulus around 750 BC. Founded a township (see: The robbery of the Sabine women ) and the second Roman king Numa Pompilius . However, the Etruscan influence in the founding of Rome is unmistakable , as the derivation of the city name from the Etruscan gens Ruma shows, and for which there are many other references.
Despite the similarities there were still armed conflicts until the Sabines 290 BC. BC by Manius Curius Dentatus and became Roman citizens sine suffragio (see: Municipium ). Part of their land has been expropriated and distributed to needy Roman citizens. 241 BC The Sabines received full Roman citizenship.
In the Augustan period , the area of Regio IV ( Samnium ) was added; in the time of Diocletian it was part of the "Italia suburbicaria" and was ruled from Rome. Under the Lombards , the area of Sabina belonged for a time (around 570) to the independent Duchy of Spoleto with Spoleto as its capital. With the emergence of the Papal States, Sabina was directly subject to the pontificate , but in the 10th and 11th centuries it was de facto to the "Counts of Sabina", the Crescenti .
In the 5th century Sabina became the seat of a diocese. The current diocese of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto is a suburbicarian diocese and as such belongs to the ecclesiastical province of Rome . The bishopric is the city of Poggio Mirteto .
literature
- Tim Cornell and John Matthews: World Atlas of Ancient Cultures - Rome . Christian Verlag, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-88472-075-9 .
- Herrman Kinder and Werner Hilgemann : dtv - Atlas of World History . Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich 2000, p. 73, ISBN 3-423-03000-3 .
- Meyer's Encyclopedic Lexicon . Bibliographisches Institut, Mannheim / Vienna / Zurich 1973, Volume 20, p. 537.