Cascia

This article is about the church. For the district in the province of Florence see Reggello .

Cascia
Country	Italy
region	Umbria
province	Perugia  (PG)
Coordinates	42 ° 43 '  N , 13 ° 1'  E Coordinates: 42 ° 43 '0 "  N , 13 ° 1' 0"  E
height	653  m slm
surface	181.09 km²
Residents	3,068 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density	17 inhabitants / km²
Post Code	06043
prefix	0743
ISTAT number	054007
Popular name	Casciani
Patron saint	Rita da Cascia (May 22nd)
Website	Cascia municipality

Cascia is an Italian commune with 3,068 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the province of Perugia in the Umbria region .

geography

The location of Cascia in the province of Perugia

The community extends over around 181  km² . Of the 3068 inhabitants, around 3000 live in the historic town center today. The municipality is located about 80 kilometers southeast of Perugia and is part of the Comunità montana Valnerina . Cascia itself lies in the valley belonging to Valnerina ( Neratal ), which is called Il Casciano and is crossed by the Corno river. This rises at Monte Terminillo and flows shortly after Cascia near Triponzo (district of Cerreto di Spoleto ) into the Nera. The place in the climatic classification of Italian municipalities in Zone E, 2452 GR / G.

The neighboring municipalities are Cerreto di Spoleto, Cittareale ( RI ), Leonessa (RI), Monteleone di Spoleto , Norcia and Poggiodomo .

The place lies in a seismologically endangered area, major earthquakes took place in the years 1300, 1599, 1703 and 1979. An earthquake in 1962 destroyed several buildings in the Roccaporena district.

Districts (Frazioni)

The districts include:

• Avendita , a district with about 150 inhabitants about 5 km northeast of the main town at an altitude of 873 m slm. The place was first documented in 1080, at that time under the name Aventedani .
• Chiavano , district with about 40 inhabitants about 8 km southeast of the main town at an altitude of 1128 m slm The district came to the municipality in 1280, when Cascia conquered the county of Chiavano and Cascia was therefore taken over by Pope Nicholas III. was excommunicated . However, this was reversed a year later against payment of two thousand Fiorini . The place was almost completely destroyed in the 1703 earthquake.
• Fogliano , a district with about 120 inhabitants about 4 km northeast of the main town at an altitude of 827 m slm
• Roccaporena , district with about 70 inhabitants about 6 km west-east of the main town at an altitude of 707 m slm
• Tazzo , district with about 15 inhabitants about 3 km east of the main town at an altitude of 842 m slm. The town is on the Monte Minco mountain and is of Etruscan origin.

further districts are:

• Atri, Buda, Capanne di Roccaporena, Castel San Giovanni, Castel Santa Maria, Cerasola, Civita, Colforcella, Collegiacone, Colle di Avendita, Colle Santo Stefano, Colmotino, Coronella, Logna, Maltignano, Manigi, Ocosce, Onelli, Opagna, Palmaiolo, Poggio Primocaso, Puro, San Giorgio, Santa Anatolia, Trognano, Villa San Silvestro, Santa Trinità, Fustagna, Piandoli, Giappiedi, Capanne di Collegiacone, Sciedi, Serviglio, Valdonica.

history

The area around the present-day place was probably already inhabited by the Italians , as various finds that are now in the Museo Civico show. After that, the Sabines lived in the village until around 300 BC. Were subjugated by the Romans . Emperor Augustus divided the place into the area Regio IV : Samnium . At that time the place was called Pagus cassianus , which later became Cassia and then Cascia . The place is first mentioned in writing in the year 553, during the war of the Byzantines with the Goths , when the general Narsete the Aligerno ordered to retreat to Cascia. After that the Lombards ruled until 789 and the Franks until 962, the year when Otto the Great gave the place to the Pope . The castle Castrum Cassiae was built on the hilltop in the 11th century, and the city wall with seven city gates was soon built around today's city center due to the influx of people. After a short time under the rule of Spoleto , the place submitted again in 1198 to a Pope, Innocent III. , which granted the place and the places in the vicinity certain freedoms and autonomies, but demanded tribute payments. In 1213 the Trinci took control of the area. In 1310, residents of the place attacked the king of Naples, Robert of Anjou , who was passing through. Thereupon the place was attacked by Count Roberto Acquaviva and almost completely destroyed. The time after that was dominated by the fighting of the Ghibellines and Guelphs , with the place on the side of the latter and loyal to the Pope faction. Pope Paul II had the Rocca di Cascia castle built by Battista da Castiglione to defend the town in 1465 . After the rebellion against Pope Leo X. in 1513, he had the castle attacked and destroyed on April 6, 1517. After the Sacco di Roma in 1527, the Ghibellines took control of the place. In 1540 the salt war (Guerra del Sale) broke out between the Papal States and Perugia for the pope Paul III. used salt tax, in which Cascia participated on the side of the Pope. 1596, Cascia received by Pope Clemens VIII. The city law , which by the popes Clemens XI. 1703 and Leo XII. Was confirmed in 1824. During the Napoleonic occupation, the municipality was divided into the municipalities of Cascia and Poggiodomo, which still exist today. In 1860 the place was integrated into the Kingdom of Italy .

Churches and museums

The basilica Santa Rita in the main town of Cascia

Basilica e Santuario di Santa Rita

Basilica and sanctuary , which was named after Rita of Cascia . Construction of the basilica began on June 20, 1937; it was consecrated and named a basilica on August 1, 1955 by Pope Pius XII. The building was built on the site of the old Augustinian Church , which itself was renovated in 1577 and is of older origin. The building complex also includes the Monastero , the Oratorio del Crocifisso , the Cappella di Santa Rita (part of the basilica), the Cella di Santa Rita (part of the monastery) and the Chiesa della beata Rita (part of the basilica). In the monastery, the oldest part of which was built at the end of the 13th century and is dedicated to Mary Magdalene , Saint Rita lived for forty years and also died here. It is still used as a monastery today. The Coro antico contains the seven works by an unknown local artist, Il prodigio delle api , L'apparizione dei santi Giovanni Battista, Nicola da Tolentino, Agostino , Il ritrovamento nel coro , La vestizione religiosa , Il ricevimento della stigmata , La sparizione della , created in 1595 stigmata and La ricomparsa della stigmata .

Chiesa di San Francesco

The Chiesa di San Francesco is a 13th-century church in Piazza Garibaldi that was expanded in 1339 and 1424. The facade was completed in the 18th century and contains a portal with the fresco Madonna con Bambino tra San Francesco e Santa Chiara from the 15th century and a rose window from 1424 depicting a Madonna col Bambino . The bell of the campanile dates from 1280 and is attributed to Giovanni Pisano . The interiors were changed in the 17th century after an earthquake and in 1738 and contain the fresco San Benedetto by Bartolomeo di Tommaso and the last verifiable work by Niccolò Circignani , called Il Pomarancio (Ascensione).

Chiesa di Sant'Antonio Abate / Museo Civico

The museum (Museo Civico, since 1998) is located in the former church. The church was built around the 14th century and renovated in 1709 to repair the damage caused by the 1703 earthquake. The presbytery and the coro delle monache with frescoes from the 16th century were lost. The apse contains the series of paintings Storie della vita di Sant'Antonio Abate (Stories from the Life of Anthony the Great ), which are presented in sixteen pictures ( Vocazione di Sant'Antonio , Donazione dei beni ai poveri , Vestizione del Santo , Prima tentazione , Altra tentazione , Ricostruzione dell'Oratorio , Cacciata del serpente , Apparizione di un angelo al Re di Palestina , Invio di una carovana da parte del Re , Arrivo della carovana presso la spelonca , Apparizione del demonio , Incontro con l'eremita Paolo , Visita dei due Santi eremiti ad altri monaci , Apparizione del corvo a Sant'Antonio ea San Paolo , Morte dell'eremita Paolo and Funerali di Sant'Antonio ) and probably by St. San Simone Fidati di Cascia (1285–1348) was created. From the Maestro della Dormition di Terni or Maestro del Trittico di Terni , the works are Annunciazione , I quattro Evangelisti and Madonna col Bambino , by Paolo da Visso the work Madonna, Ss. Michele Arcangelo e Antonio abate and by Domenico da Leonessa the work San Giorgio , which was created in 1462. The sixteen-part work by Nicola da Siena , Storie della Vita di Cristo (1461), contains the themes Ingresso a Gerusalemme , L'ultima cena , Lavanda dei piedi , Orazione nell'orto , Cattura di Cristo , Flagellazione , Incoronazione di spine , Gesù davanti a Pilato , Ascesa al Monte Calvario , Crocifissione , Calvario , Deposizione dalla Croce , Pie donne al sepolcro , Discesa al Limbo , Resurrezione and Apparizione alla Maddalena . The Pinakothek of the Museo Civico contains works by Antonio Rizzo and his workshop, including a wooden statue of San Sebastiano and Tobia e l'angelo (also Tobiolo e l'Angelo called).

Palazzo Carli / Biblioteca Comunale Tranquillo Graziani

The building dates from the 16th century and is now the seat of the Biblioteca Comunale Tranquillo Graziani and the municipal archive (Archivio storico comunale) with documents from the 13th century. The Biblioteca Comunale was named after Tranquillo Graziani, a lawyer from Cascia who lived in the 17th century and made the first documents and books of the Biblioteca available with his will of July 2, 1689. The collection was significantly expanded in the 19th century by Lorenzo Franceschini. The first cataloging took place from the 1950s by Agostino Serantoni. After several moves (the collection was first in the Convento dell'Annunziata, from 1690 in the Palazzo Poli, from 1729 in the Palazzo Franceschini, from 1732 in the Palazzo Consolare and until 1979 in the Palazzo Comunale), it has been in the Palazzo Carli since 1997. The palazzo itself was built in the 16th century by the Franceschini family and passed to the Carli family through the marriage of Gaetano Carli to Anna Franceschini. In 1979 the municipality of Cascia bought the building, which they renovated first and then installed the collection. The first restoration took place after the earthquake in 1599, at which time the Giardino (garden) was created, which was also restructured with the palazzo after the earthquake in 1703.

Palazzo Santi / Museo Civico di Palazzo Santi

The building in Piazza Aldo Moro dates back to the 16th century and is located in the oldest part of the historic town center. The palazzo was created by Colasante Santi , a member of the local Santi family. It was renovated by Pierluigi Cavaliere di Santo Stefano after the earthquake of 1599 . After the earthquake of 1703, the Augustinian order took over the building and kept it until 1739, when the municipal administration exchanged the building for the Convento di Santa Lucia . The municipal administration used the palace as barracks and the seat of the medical officer and built a church in the building in 1746 ( Chiesa di Sant'Emidio in honor of the patron saint against earthquakes, Emidio d'Ascoli , * 273 in Trier ; † August 5, 303 or 309 in Ascoli Piceno ). In 1768 the Jesuits established a school they run, which was converted back into barracks just five years later. After Italian reunification in 1860, the Palazzo became the seat of the Carabinieri , then a hotel school until 1979. The palazzo was restored from 1980 to 1981 and has been the seat of the Museo Civico since June 28, 1998. This contains an archaeological museum on the ground floor . One of the most famous works is that of Domenico Corvi (San Giuseppe ei Santissimi Vincenzo Ferrer e Antonio Abate, canvas painting).

More Attractions

• Chiesa di San Fortunato , a 12th century church in the district of Poggio Primocaso, contains the fresco Arrivo della reliquia di San Fortunato by Guido Ubaldo Abbatini (also called Guidobaldo Abbatini ) from 1654 .
• Chiesa di Sant'Agostino , a church of older origin that was rebuilt in 1380, is located at the highest point of the village. Under the church are the remains of an 11th century church.
• Collegiata di Santa Maria , church from the 12th century, which has been renovated and modified several times due to earthquake damage. According to legend, in 1381 St. Rita of Cascia was baptized in the baptismal font of the chapel.
• Chiesa parrocchiale di San Leonardo , already mentioned in 1393 church in the district of Tazzo
• Chiesa di Santa Maria Avvocata , church ruins in the district of Tazzo. Was built around 1300 and almost completely destroyed in the 1979 earthquake.
• Palazzo Frenfanelli , 16th century building, now the seat of local government.
• Rocca di Cascia , ruined castle that was expanded by Battista da Castiglione in 1465 and destroyed in 1517 by the soldiers of the Papal States.

Sights in the district of Roccaporena

Chapel and Mount Scoglio di Santa Rita in the Roccaporena district

Birthplace of Santa Rita in the Roccaporena district

Santuario di Santa Rita in the Roccaporena district

• Casa di Santa Rita , building from the 14th century and house of the saints with accompanying garden Orto del Miracolo . Declared a chapel in 1629, it contains a work of art by Luca Giordano . Was restored in 1946
• Chiesa di San Montano , church from the 13th century in the district of Roccaporena. Place where St. Rita married Paolo di Ferdinando.
• Santuario di Sant Rita , a sanctuary built in 1946. Contains a bronze figure of the saint made by Venanzo Crocetti in 1968.
• Scoglio di Santa Rita , mountain near the hamlet of Roccaporena, where, according to legend, the saint prayed. The chapel was built in 1919 and rebuilt in 1979 after the earthquake.

Sons and daughters of the church

• Rita von Cascia (1381–1447), in the Roccaporena district about five kilometers to the west, born religious sister and saint.

Cycling

Cascia was the destination of the tenth stage of the Giro d'Italia 1981, which Gianbattista Baronchelli won.

literature

• Filippo Raffaelli, Fabio Raffaelli: Passeggiate in Toscana e Umbria. Rome 1984, p. 351 ff.
• Touring Club Italiano : Umbria. Milan 1999, ISBN 88-365-2542-3 , pp. 474-480

Web links

Commons : Cascia  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality of Cascia
• Information about Cascia (Italian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
2. ↑ Website of the Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), accessed on May 18, 2014 (Italian) (PDF; 330 kB)
3. ↑ Website of the district Avendita on the history of the place, accessed on April 23, 2011 ( Memento of the original of December 7, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
4. ↑ Website Santa Rita Cascia zum Monasterium, accessed on April 23, 2011 ( Memento of the original from August 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ Official website of the municipality for the Museo e Chiesa di Sant'Antonio, accessed on April 23, 2011 ( Memento of the original of July 6, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
6. ^ Official website of the Biblioteca comunale di Cascia Tranquillo Graziani , accessed on April 23, 2011
7. ↑ Official website of the municipality for the Museo Civico di Palazzo Santi, accessed on April 23, 2011 ( Memento of the original from September 16, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.