Sabina Bader

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Sabina Bader (* around 1500 in Augsburg ; † after 1547 there ) was the wife of the Augsburg Anabaptist leader and Kabbalist Augustin Bader .

Life

Nothing is known about Sabina Bader's origins and youth. Her name appears for the first time when she and her husband Augustin Bader were arrested one month after the Augsburg Synod of Martyrs on September 15, 1527 at a secret meeting of the Anabaptist community along with other Augsburg Anabaptists, including Jakob Gross and Hans Hut .

Baptist in Augsburg

Hut admitted during interrogation that he only told those who had asked him about his apocalyptic vision. Obviously among these were the Baders who had been baptized by Jakob Gross earlier (winter 1526/27) . At the time of her arrest, the youngest of the four children was only eight weeks old. Since Sabina refused to withdraw, she had to leave Augsburg with her baby on September 19, 1527. Her husband was kept in prison until his formal revocation (October 1527). Although her request to return to the city was tied to a revocation, Sabina secretly returned to Augsburg, where her husband had been appointed head of the Anabaptist community. After disagreements with his deputy Georg Nespitzer , Augustin Bader fled to Strasbourg . However, Sabine stayed in town to look after her children. Her husband had become increasingly estranged from the Anabaptist movement on his journey, which took him from Strasbourg to Nuremberg , Moravia and back to Strasbourg. His visions of expectation for the end times , which he foresaw anew at Easter 1530, were only shared by a few. He returned briefly to his wife in September 1528 to ask her to follow him.

Queen near Ulm

In July 1529 Sabina sold her house in Augsburg and moved with the children to live with her husband in Westerstetten near Ulm . Shortly after arriving, she gave birth to a son. Bader declared this boy to be the coming Messiah . Bader himself stated that he would be its regent for the time being . Arrangements were made for the new kingdom. They had royal insignia (including ring, chain, goblet, gold-plated sword) made by a goldsmith . Sabina, the trained seamstress and future queen, made the necessary royal robes to be prepared for Judgment Day .

For the miller, who had rented a building near Blaubeuren to the Baders and their supporters , the hustle and bustle became too dangerous. He indicated the millenarian community of authority. On the night of January 15-16, 1530, the whole group was arrested. Sabina was the only one who was able to escape the captors that night with part of the crown treasure, but without her children, and returned to Augsburg. After severe interrogation, her husband was executed as a political rebel in Stuttgart on March 30, 1530 .

Bride in Strasbourg

After her relatives had tried in vain to have the children returned, Sabina left Augsburg again and moved to an Anabaptist tailor in St. Gallen . He advised her to move on to Alsace . In Strasbourg she was warmly welcomed into the household of the reformer Wolfgang Capito . A love affair is said to have developed from this relationship. Equipped with letters of recommendation from Capito and Martin Bucer to the council of Augsburg, she returned to her hometown. She retracted her previous "mistakes" and asked the council to help her bring her children back. The council refused to help her on the grounds that it was impossible to negotiate with the Catholic Württemberg .

Shortly after Sabina arrived in Augsburg, Capito's wife died of the plague in Strasbourg in 1531. Martin Bucer was looking for a bride for his friend. When he found out that Capito had his eye on Sabina Bader, he strongly advised against this, because a connection with a self-proclaimed queen would make the Reformation movement ridiculous. In her place, Capito married Wibrandis Rosenblatt from Basel , who had recently been widowed .

Then the traces of Sabina Bader are lost. Obviously she stayed in Augsburg and was again associated with the local Anabaptist community. It is not known whether she got her children back from Württemberg after the Reformation (1534). She died after 1547; the exact date of death is unknown.

Christening succession

The line of baptismal succession goes back to Sabina Bader (winter 1526/27) via Jakob Gross , Balthasar Hubmaier (spring 1525), Wilhelm Reublin (January 1525), Jörg Blaurock (January 1525) to Konrad Grebel (January 1525). The dates in brackets indicate the respective baptism date. Evidence of this can be found in the biography articles of the persons mentioned.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eberhard Teufel:  Bader, Augustin. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 512 ( digitized version ).
  2. ^ Anselm Schubert: Bader, Augustin. In: Mennonite Lexicon . Volume 5 (MennLex 5).
  3. ^ Walter Klaasen: Sabina Bader ... (1996), p. 109.
  4. ↑ … illius animus inclinet in quandam Augustanam, quae nupta fuit regi catabaptistarum… Bucer's letter to Ambrosius Blarer , Martin Bucer: Briefwechsel. Volume VII, October 1531 - March 1532, ISBN 978-9-004-17132-9 , p. 217.

literature

  • Walter Klaassen: Sabina Bader of Augsburg . In: C. Arnold Snyder, Linda A. Huebert Hecht (eds.): Profiles of Anabaptist Women: Sixteenth-Century Reforming Pioneer . Waterloo, Ontario 1996, ISBN 978-0-889-20277-1 , pp. 106-110.
  • Gustav Bossert: Augustin Bader von Augsburg, the prophet and king, and his comrades according to the trial files from 1530 . In: “Archive for Reformation History” (1913): 117–175, 209–241, 297–349; (1914): 19-64, 103-133, 176-199.
  • Anselm Schubert : Anabaptism and Kabbalah. Augustin Bader and the Limits of the Radical Reformation . Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-05372-1

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Bader, Sabina
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Wife of the Anabaptist leader and Kabbalist Augustin Bader
DATE OF BIRTH around 1500
PLACE OF BIRTH augsburg
DATE OF DEATH after 1547
Place of death augsburg