Samarium (III) chloride

Crystal structure
	__ Sm 3+ __ Cl -
Crystal system	hexagonal
Space group	P 6 3 / m (No. 176)
Coordination numbers	Sm [9], Cl [3]
General
Surname	Samarium (III) chloride
other names	Samarium trichloride
Ratio formula	SmCl 3
Brief description	white to yellowish hygroscopic powder
External identifiers / databases
EC number	233-797-0
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.712
PubChem	61508
Wikidata	Q421243
properties
Molar mass	256.72 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	4.46 g cm −3 ; 2.383 g cm −3 (hexahydrate);
Melting point	686 ° C
solubility	soluble in water (938 g kg −1 at 25 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 315
	P: no P-phrases
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Samarium (III) chloride is a chemical compound from the group of chlorides .

Extraction and presentation

Samarium (III) chloride can be obtained as a solution by reacting samarium or samarium (III) carbonate with hydrochloric acid . The anhydrous form is formed when it reacts with hydrogen chloride .

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {2 \ Sm + 3 \ HCl \ longrightarrow 2 \ SmCl_ {3} +3 \ H_ {2}}}

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {Sm_ {2} (CO_ {3}) _ {3} +6 \ HCl \ longrightarrow 2 \ SmCl_ {3} +3 \ CO_ {2} +3 \ H_ {2} O}}

It can also be synthesized directly from the elements.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {2 \ Sm + 3 \ Cl_ {2} \ longrightarrow 2 \ SmCl_ {3}}}

properties

Samarium (III) chloride is a white to yellowish hygroscopic powder. It has a hexagonal crystal structure with the space group P 6 ₃ / m (No. 176) . The hexahydrate forms topaz yellow plates and has a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group P 2 / n (No. 13, position 2) . At 110 ° C there is water of crystallization. Template: room group / 176Template: room group / 13.2

use

Samarium (III) chloride is widely used as the starting material for making pure samarium by electrolysis of a molten mixture with sodium chloride and calcium chloride . It can also be used in organic chemistry, for example for cyclizations.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: Paperback for chemists and physicists . 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0 , pp. 634 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e data sheet Samarium (III) chloride, anhydrous, powder, 99.9% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 26, 2012 ( PDF ).
↑ Data sheet Samarium (III) chloride hexahydrate, ≥99.99% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 26, 2012 ( PDF ).
↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 89th edition. (Internet version: 2009), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds, pp. 4-86.
↑ ^a ^b L. F. Druding, JD Corbett: Lower Oxidation States of the Lanthanides. Neodymium (II) Chloride and Iodide . In: J. Am. Chem. Soc. Vol. 83, No. 11 , 1961, pp. 2462 , doi : 10.1021 / ja01472a010 .
↑ ^a ^b J. D. Corbett :? In: Rev. Chim. Minerals . Vol. 10, 1973, pp. 239 .
↑ Rareearthproducts: Samarium ( Memento from July 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
↑ Michael Schmittel, Marc Strittmatter: Cyclization of carbonyl substituted enyne-allenes: C2-C6-cyclization induced by heat or by addition of samarium (II) iodide, samarium (III) chloride, or boron trifluoride . In: Tetrahedron . tape 54 , no. 45 , November 5, 1998, pp. 13751-13760 , doi : 10.1016 / S0040-4020 (98) 00847-3 .

[Lax-1] A ^b Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: Paperback for chemists and physicists . 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0 , pp. 634 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Sigma-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e data sheet Samarium (III) chloride, anhydrous, powder, 99.9% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 26, 2012 ( PDF ).

[SigmaH-3] Data sheet Samarium (III) chloride hexahydrate, ≥99.99% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 26, 2012 ( PDF ).

[4] David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 89th edition. (Internet version: 2009), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds, pp. 4-86.

[corbett1-5] L. F. Druding, JD Corbett: Lower Oxidation States of the Lanthanides. Neodymium (II) Chloride and Iodide . In: J. Am. Chem. Soc. Vol. 83, No. 11 , 1961, pp. 2462 , doi : 10.1021 / ja01472a010 .

[corbett2-6] J. D. Corbett :? In: Rev. Chim. Minerals . Vol. 10, 1973, pp. 239 .

[7] Rareearthproducts: Samarium ( Memento from July 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive )

[8] Michael Schmittel, Marc Strittmatter: Cyclization of carbonyl substituted enyne-allenes: C2-C6-cyclization induced by heat or by addition of samarium (II) iodide, samarium (III) chloride, or boron trifluoride . In: Tetrahedron . tape 54 , no. 45 , November 5, 1998, pp. 13751-13760 , doi : 10.1016 / S0040-4020 (98) 00847-3 .