San Giuseppe alla Lungara
| Basic data | |
|---|---|
| Patronage : | St. Joseph |
| Consecration day : | June 2, 1732 |
| Address: |
Via della Lungara, 45 00165 Roma |
San Giuseppe alla Lungara is a church in Rome . It was built in the first half of the 18th century and is the monastery church of the Pii Operai Catechisti Rurali congregation . It is known for the unusual design of the interior.
location
The church is in the XIII. Roman Rione Trastevere on Via della Lungara (from which it was nicknamed) and is located about 450 meters northwest of Villa Farnesina . Near the Ponte Giuseppe Mazzini, the facade is oriented directly towards the Tiber .
History and building history
The church was created as a monastery church of a predecessor congregation of the Pii Operai Catechisti Rurali , the Pii Operai . After the foundation of a Neapolitan clergyman in 1729, construction began in June 1730. Pope Clement XII. donated 1,000 Scudi for the construction, the architect and master builder was Ludovico Rusconi Sassi . The church was first consecrated in 1732 by Roberto de Cillis, still in the shell, who was a nephew of Clemens XII. On the occasion of the completion of the high altar and ceiling fresco, a second consecration followed in 1734. The completion of the interior decoration took from 1753 to 1774. From 1858 to 1861 the church was extensively renovated and changed, especially on the facade. In 1872 the current dome was retracted after a collapse. Parallel to the completion of the church, the immediately adjoining monastery building was built between 1760 and 1764.
facade
The facade is two-storey and three-axis. The facade, which is now rather flat, is a result of the redesign in the late 1850s; before that, the facade was considerably deeper. The reason for the change was the change in view: the facade of the 18th century was, due to the surrounding buildings, also on the opposite side of the street towards the Tiber, constructed from a side view and therefore more three-dimensional. With the demolition of the block of houses opposite, the possibility of a frontal view arose, as it is today, so that the facade could be made flatter.
The facade is structured by pilasters according to the Ionic order , which are doubled in the central projection and stepped once on the side axes. The travées of the basement are structured by a stone band and rectangular wall panels. The inscription above the portal frame reads: IN HON (OREM) S (ANCTI) PATR (IS) IOSEPH (I) S (ANCTIS) S (IMAE) V (IRGINIS) M (ARIA) SP (ONSI) / INDVLG (ENTIA) PLEN (ARIA) ET PERP (ETVA) P (ATRIBVS) P (II) SO (PERATORIBVS) V (IVIS) ET DEF (VNCTIS) . Above the cranked cornice, the upper floor takes on the design of the lower half of the facade, except for the side surfaces. The capitals on the upper floor are a strange modification of the Ionic order : the spirals of the volutes that characterize the Ionic order do not turn in sideways downwards, but from below upwards. In addition, they wear a small festoon jewelry . A round window is embedded in the middle of the upper floor. The entablature is again cranked, a segmented arched gable of the same type closes the facade with a pedestal, modeled on the Monti , and a cross.
Interior
The single-nave interior is considered to be one of the “most interesting and sophisticated” baroque interiors in Rome. At first it has the appearance of an oval construction, but it is designed as an elongated octagon . In the corners of the octagon, the pilasters, also according to the Ionic order, are bluntly bent, from which the actual structure can be recognized. The two main lateral axes are vaulted with round arches and contain flat side chapels. The four diagonal sides are also arched, albeit significantly smaller, and recessed niches are inserted behind the arches, which in turn are higher than the entrance arches. The room is actually an oval element, covered by a longitudinally oval flat dome, which was only moved in in 1872. The illusionistic painting of the dome with the congregational emblem dates from that same year.
The pendentives are frescoed , they are works by Vincenzo Palliotti, created in 1859, four church doctors are depicted.
The pilaster shafts are painted with imitation marble, the work dates from the renovation period from 1858 to 1861.
Tondi are placed above the niches , these are oil paintings by Mariano Rossi , made around 1764. Above these there are small balconies, so-called corretti .
The 13 oil paintings on the entrance side of the church on the parapet of the organ loft were also created by Rossi around 1764. The organ itself is attributed to the Austrian Johann Conrad Wörle , he was also active in other Roman churches, such as Santa Maria Maddalena .
The side chapel on the right with a view of the choir dates from 1754. The altarpiece contains a depiction of the Descent from the Cross , made by Nicolò Ricciolini based on a model by Daniele da Volterra .
The chapel on the left opposite contains a representation of the Instruction of the Virgin Mary on the altarpiece , created by Girolamo Pesce 1734/35. Pesce's teachers were well-known painters such as Carlo Maratta and Francesco Trevisani .
The rectangular choir is covered by a groin vault, and the high altar inside contains another painting by Rossi. The picture represents the grief of St. Joseph and was worked between approximately 1764 and 1774.
Worth mentioning is the sacristy , completed in 1764, here too the beautiful painting of the mirror ceiling in oil by Rossi, a work from 1768 with the theme of the Triumph of Ecclesia . The room also contains a marble bust of Pope Clement XI. from 1715 and various paintings.
Individual evidence
- ^ Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 536.
- ^ Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 537.
- ↑ Detailed in Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 537f.
- ^ Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 538.
- ↑ Mention, but no explanation, in Kuhn-Forte: Handbuch der Kirchen Roms. P. 538.
- ↑ Quotation from Porthogesi: Roma barocca, p. 426, reproduced by Kuhn-Forte: Handbuch der Kirchen Roms. P. 540.
- ^ Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 541.
- ^ Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 541.
- ^ Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 542.
- ^ Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 543.
literature
- Brigitte Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. Founded by Walther Buchowiecki. 4th volume, Verlag Brüder Hollinek, Vienna 1997, ISBN 3-85119-266-4 .
- Mariano Armellini : Le chiese di Roma dal secolo IV al XIX. Roma 1891, pp. 655-656 ( online ).
Web links
Coordinates: 41 ° 53 '48.6 " N , 12 ° 27' 50.8" E