Sarnik (Pełczyce)

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Sarnik (formerly German: Rehfeld ) is a village with about 370 inhabitants in the Choszczno (German: Arnswalde ) district of the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . It belongs to the municipality of Pełczyce and is located about 4 km south of the core town of Pełczyce, which has around 2700 inhabitants (formerly German Bernstein in der Neumark ).

history

Postcard from Rehfeld (around 1910)
Ruin of the castle
Castle ruins (2008)

Middle Ages and early modern times

The place was first mentioned in 1337 as Reuelde and was then owned by a branch of the von Wedel family , later the von Flemming family . From the middle of the 15th century to the first half of the 18th century, the Lords of Flatow were the owners. In 1776 the village between the heirs of Friedrich August was shared by Flatow: one half came to an officer from the noble family of Billerbeck , the other to the family of Knobelsdorff . At that time the place consisted of a parish, a mill and about 20 cottages . Since one of the two owners, Georg Friedrich Gottlieb von Billerbeck, was heavily in debt, an attempt was made as early as 1798 to have the ban on the sale of aristocratic property to bourgeoisie lifted in this case so that a financially strong buyer could be found whose purchase price was higher than the debt amount and thus bring something to the still underage heir Billerbeck. But it was not until 1815 that the forests around the town of Bernstein were sold to entrepreneurs from Szczecin and Hamburg and were cut down by them, that Rehfeld was sold to August Friedrich Menz around 1830.

Modern times and palace construction

Around the middle of the 19th century, the estate was bought again as a Fideikommiss estate by a branch of the von Wedel family, the Lords of Wedel on Gerzlow, about 6 km east of Rehfeld. There they erected a magnificent two-story castle on a raised basement, which was completed in 1899 and surrounded by a park , flanked by two large side wings designed as pavilions . The architect of the building, which was designed in an eclectic style combination of Renaissance and Baroque , is unknown. The builder was probably Edgard Maximilian Sigismund Graf von Wedel (1848–1943), the younger of two sons of Rudolf Julius Vivigens von Wedel auf Gerzlow (1817–1896); he inherited Rehfeld after his father's death.

He was followed in 1929 by his nephew and adopted son Wedego von Wedel (1899–1945) as the owner of the 996 hectare estate, which also included a distillery and a brickworks as well as the Rehfelder Heide, a forest area of ​​248 hectares. The Fideikommiss Rehfeld was declared by law on January 1, 1939, like all other family estates still in existence, to be free and salable property of the then owner of the Fideikommiss, whereby a large part of the forest was converted into a so-called "protective forest". Wedego von Wedel was shot dead by advancing Red Army soldiers at the end of January 1945 .

post war period

The village and estate fell to Poland after the Second World War and the estate, now state property, was incorporated into the local Państwowe Gospodarstwo Rolne (PGR) and managed by it. The castle was still used as a residence by farm workers relocated from areas east of the Curzon Line until around 1950 . It was then abandoned and left to decay. Stones, windows and doors were stripped and reused elsewhere, and all metal objects were sold as scrap. Even the stone stairs leading into the ornamental pond in the park, once known as Diebel Lake, disappeared at the beginning of the 21st century. Today only the outer walls of the middle section and the remains of the connecting tracts to the side wings that have almost disappeared remain.

The castle ruins, which had been on the Register of Historic Buildings of the National Institute for Cultural Heritage (Narodowego Instytutu Dziedzictwa) since 1957, was recently removed from the register and is for sale; likewise the 3600 m 2 large, tree-lined park.

Village church

The former Protestant church, today the Catholic "Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary", was built in the first half of the 17th century and renovated in the 19th century . It is a cultural monument in the register of the Narodowego Instytutu Dziedzictwa. It is a simple, brick rubble stone hall building with gabled roof , with a small bell tower on the west end, which only just over the ridge reaches up and a bell includes (but with room for two). At the east end there is a polygonal apse with a 5/8 end and a tent roof .

Coordinates: 53 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  N , 15 ° 18 ′ 29 ″  E

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 2007: 366.In 1925 the place had 275 inhabitants, in 1939 there were 232.
  2. ↑ Georg Wilhelm von Raumer (Ed.): Die Neumark Brandenburg in 1337. Nicolai, Berlin, 1837, p. 104
  3. ↑ Rolf Straubel : Nobles and civil officials in the Frederician judicial and financial administration. Selected aspects of a social restructuring process and its background (1740–1806) (=  publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archives . Volume 59 ). BWV Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-8305-1842-6 , p. 383 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  4. ^ Polish: Jarosławsko.
  5. ↑ The construction is not yet recorded on maps from 1890.
  6. ^ Edgard Maximilian Sigismund von Wedel, after several years of service with the Berlin Guard Dragons, became master of ceremonies of the Prussian royal house and royal Prussian chamberlain , with residence on the ground floor of the Prinzessinnenpalais . He was raised to the Prussian count status on September 12, 1903 ( http://www.v-wedel-wappen.de/standeserhebungen.html ), but had to leave the court in 1908 in the course of the Harden-Eulenburg affair and followed suit Rehfeld back. He remained unmarried and adopted his nephew Wedigo von Wedel (1899–1945) as heir in 1925.
  7. ^ State farm
  8. ↑ Local użytkowy, 500 m², Sarnik
  9. ↑ woj. zachodniopomorskie - pow. Białogardzki, pp. 9-10

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