Pełczyce
| Pełczyce | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | West Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Choszczno | ||
| Gmina : | Pełczyce | ||
| Area : | 13.00 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 3 ' N , 15 ° 18' E | ||
| Height : | 105 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 2583 (June 30, 2019) |
||
| Postal code : | 73-260 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 95 | ||
| License plate : | ZCH | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 151 Świdwin ↔ Gorzów Wielkopolski | ||
| Rail route : | (no rail connection) | ||
| Next international airport : | Szczecin-Goleniów | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 27 localities | ||
| 19 school authorities | |||
| Surface: | 200.71 km² | ||
| Residents: | 7779 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
||
| Population density : | 39 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3202053 | ||
| Administration (as of 2009) | |||
| Mayor : | Miroslaw Kluk | ||
| Address: | ul.Rynek Bursztynowy 2 73-260 Pełczyce |
||
| Website : | www.pelczyce.pl | ||
Pełczyce (formerly German Bernstein ) is a small town in the Choszczno ( Arnswalde ) district of the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship with about 2,700 inhabitants and the seat of the town and country municipality of the same name .
Geographical location
Pełczyce is located in Neumark at the northern end of the Great Pulse Lake ( Jezioro Duży Pełcz ), which belongs to the Soldin Lake District (Pojezierze Myśliborskie). The place is on the road from Choszczno ( Arnswalde ) to Barlinek ( Berlinchen ). The fertile Pyritzer Weizacker extends northwest.
City of Pełczyce ( Amber )
history
Amber around 1650 after Matthäus Merian
|
In the first half of the 13th century a monastery and a monastery church were built north of the Pulssee in the so-called Lande Berenstein (also Bernsteyn), which was owned by the Brandenburg margraves. With the consent of the Bishop of Cammin, Margrave Albrecht III. 1290 the Bernstein monastery for the Cistercians . The "civitas" Bernstein was mentioned for the first time in the deed of foundation. In 1315, Margrave Waldemar sold town and country amber for 7,000 silver marks to the Pomeranian Duke Otto I. In the campaign of the Brandenburg Elector Albrecht Archilles against Pomerania, amber was recaptured for Brandenburg on August 2, 1448. In 1485 the von Waldow family was enfeoffed with Bernstein Castle, and in 1517 the fiefdom was extended to the town. Two city fires in 1568 and 1578 caused severe damage to the city.
The Thirty Years War threw Bernstein far back in its development and another city fire in 1727 destroyed large parts. During the Seven Years' War the Russians wreaked havoc, especially the Cossacks under their General von Tottleben . In 1728 the von Waldow family went bankrupt and Bernstein became the royal domain. This year it burned again, and all city files and church registers were lost. During the Napoleonic campaigns, amber was plundered by the French passing through.
After the Prussian administrative reform, Bernstein was incorporated into the Soldin district in the province of Brandenburg in 1818 , to which the city belonged until 1945.
In the years 1814 and 1820, the forests around the city were sold to entrepreneurs from Szczecin and Hamburg and cut down by them. The bare areas were settled and partly handed over to the Bernstein citizens free of charge as compensation for the lost timber rights. New goods were created on the other areas. By the middle of the 19th century, Bernstein had recovered from the setbacks of the past and had become a viable agricultural town. The connection to the railway line from Küstrin to Arnswalde played a decisive role in this .
In January 1945 the region with the city of Bernstein was captured and occupied by the Red Army . The city was then placed under Polish administration. It was then renamed Pełczyce . If the German residents did not flee before the end of the war, they were subsequently expelled by the local Polish administrative authorities .
Population numbers
- 1750: 635
- 1801: 887
- 1840: 1.638
- 1855: 2,126, thereof 13 Catholics and 65 Jews
- 1875: 2.131
- 1880: 2,247
- 1890: 2,189, including 17 Catholics and 54 Jews
- 1933: 2.725
- 1939: 2,587
Population figures before and after 1945 in graphical representation:
sons and daughters of the town
- Friedrich Gottlieb Michaelis (1726–1781), Prussian minister
- Carl Gabriel (1857–1931), Oktoberfest showman
- Hermann Liebig (1839–1914), Baptist clergyman
- August Liebig (1836–1914), Baptist clergyman
Gmina Pełczyce
General
The urban and rural municipality Pełczyce covers an area of 200.71 km², which corresponds to 15% of the total area of the powiat Choszczeński . 8,016 people live here.
The western border of the municipality is formed by the Płonia ( Plöne ), a 79 kilometers long river that flows into the Jezioro Dąbie ( Dam Lake ). In the east the municipality borders on the Mała Ina ( Lazy Ihna ). The southern border of the Gmina Pełczyce is also the county or voivodeship border to the powiat Strzelecko-Drezdenecki ( Friedeberg-Driesen district ) and the Lebus voivodeship .
The municipal area includes the large Jezioro Duży Pełcz ( Large Pulse Lake ) and the smaller Jezioro Trzebień ( Trapehner Lake ). In the northwest, a part of the Gmina belongs to the Barlinecko-Gorzowski Park Krajobrazowy (Landscape Protection Park Berlinchen-Landsberg).
Neighboring municipalities of Gmina Pełczyce are:
- Choszczno ( Arnswalde ) and Krzęcin in the powiat Choszczeński ,
- Barlinek in the Powiat Myśliborski ( Soldin County ),
- Dolice in the Stargardzki powiat ( Stargard district in Pomerania ), and
- Strzelce Krajeńskie ( Friedeberg (Neumark) ) in the powiat Strzelecko-Drezdenecki (already located in the Lubusz Voivodeship ).
The Gmina Pełczyce area is divided into two postcode regions: Płotno ( Blankensee ) = 73-236, and Pełczyce = 73-260.
Community structure
Gmina Pełczyce includes a total of 27 localities, which - in addition to the town of Pełczyce - are assigned to 19 districts (" Schulzenämtern "):
- Districts :
|
- Other localities : Będargowiec ( Neu Mandelkow ), Golejewo ( Herzfelde ), Kępiniec, Przyłęki, Puszczyn, Sułkowo and Trynno.
Jagow mansion
traffic
Streets
The busy Voivodeship Road 151 runs through the municipality in a north-south direction and leads from Świdwin ( Schivelbein ) to Gorzów Wielkopolski ( Landsberg a. D. Warthe ). It is eight kilometers to the neighboring town of Barlinek ( Berlinchen ) and the district town of Choszczno ( Arnswalde ) is 20 kilometers away. The individual municipalities can be reached via secondary roads and country lanes.
railroad
In 1898 the railway line Arnswalde (Choszczno) - Alt Libbehne (Lubiana) - Berlinchen (Barlinek) was built, which was later continued to Głasow (Glazów). On this route in today's municipality were the train stations: Blankensee (Płotno) and Bernstein (Pełczyce).
In 1902, the Friedeberger Bahnen also built a small railway line from Alt Libbehne to Friedeberg (Neumark) (Strzelce Krajeńskie) with a connection to the Prussian Eastern Railway . On this route were Neu Mandelkow (Będargowiec), Groß Mandelkow (Będargowo), Gerzlow (Jarosławsko), Groß Ehrenberg (Przekolno) and Gottberg (Boguszczyny). In 1961 this line was shut down, and in 1996 the Choszczno - Barlinek line was also closed. There is no longer a rail link today.
See also
literature
- W. Riehl, J. Scheu (Hrsg.): Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. Berlin 1861, pp. 429-430.
Web links
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c d Riehl and Scheu (1861), p. 430
- ↑ a b c d e Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. soldin.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
