Slaughterhouse railway

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West end of the slaughterhouse railway

The Schlachthausbahn in Vienna connected the Vienna Central Cattle Market to the Austrian railway network . According to an order from 1920, the Vienna St. Marx train station located here was the only train station in the city where animals destined for slaughter could be unloaded.

History and description

The cattle intended for sale on the Vienna Central Cattle Market were originally brought in from all parts of the monarchy , especially Hungary. With the expansion of the railway network, livestock transport increasingly shifted to the rail network. In the space of Vienna cattle from various railway companies to their own stations was discharged and partly by the settled area outside the line Walls of Floridsdorf , from Ostbahnhof , from the Brigittenau or from the West Railway Station to St. Marx driven.

The 2.73 km long slaughterhouse railway in 1882 as part of the Metropolitan, Central & Peripheral Railway project

In mid-1871, due to the necessity of redesigning and expanding (doubling the area) of the existing St. Marx cattle market as well as measures to lower local meat prices ( meat crisis ), the project of the new cattle market, presented by Johann Heinrich Steudel (1825-1891 ), to the Vienna City Council . The plan included the technical development of the site through ramps on the south side. A rail connection for the St. Marx slaughterhouse by the South Station outgoing vane track was through in March of the year for the district already on November 12, 1869 Highway elected to the council kk Hoffleischhauer Johann Michael Fischer († 1872; Age: 58) has been requested .

The city of Vienna pushed for the construction of a central unloading station, because at the beginning of 1873 the cattle drive in Vienna should be banned because of the world exhibition . Various proposed solutions were discussed between the railway companies and the Imperial and Royal Ministry of Commerce and were rejected again due to foreseeable organizational difficulties.

The Schlachthausbahn in Karl Mayreder's (1856–1935) regulation plan for Simmering , 1897/98

The idea that finally emerged to branch off the cattle market railway from the Ostbahn (northern branch) operated by the StEG until 1909 at the bridge over the Danube Canal in today's 11th district on the city center side and to lead it to the central cattle market, was almost prevented by the Austro-Hungarian War Ministry . In view of the quantities of powder and explosives stored here, the ministry found the distance between the planned track body and the artillery's "manual laboratory", an ammunition factory, too small. The problem was solved by the municipality of Simmering by not extending the lease for the property, so that the ammunition factory had to be relocated.

In October 1872, the StEG was requested by a decree of the Ministry of Commerce to set up the slaughterhouse railway. For technical reasons, the project was revised again and finally approved in February 1873. The building permit was granted by the Lower Austrian Lieutenancy on March 11, 1873. In June 1873, locomotive operation was permitted on the new railway line. Around this time, the laying of the first of the two tracks began.

A remnant of the slaughterhouse railway below the southeast bypass

On May 1, 1873, the cattle drive ban came into force in Vienna. Until the slaughterhouse railway was completed, the cattle were to be unloaded at the Ostbahnhof, then known as the State Railway Station, and driven from there to the market.

In January 1874 the technical and police test was held and the line was then put into operation. It ran directly south of the Ostbahnbrücke over the Danube Canal almost to Haidestrasse next to the StEG main tracks and then turned off to the northwest to end near Simmeringer Hauptstrasse at Vienna St. Marx train station.

On the occasion of the expansion of the central cattle market according to the plans of the architect Frey, the so-called Szallasenbahn branching off from the main track was built (Szallasen: the word denoted grassy stretches in Hungary; the term was still used in 1933 in an ordinance by the Minister of Agriculture on the market organization of the central cattle market). On this track, pigs were brought directly to the loading ramps in their stables. The project was presented to the Ministry of Commerce by the StEG in 1880. In July 1880 it was submitted to the Ministry for approval. The concession to build and operate it was granted in July 1889.

The new pig station, as it was sometimes called, could only be reached when the transport trains pulled into the Vienna St. Marx station, fell there and then took a left curve to the loading ramps for pigs in the area of ​​the pig slaughterhouse of the city of Vienna at today's Baumgasse were continued. This track layout was soon changed so that direct access became possible. In 1899, according to the city map, the junction to the northeast was passable in a curve from the southeast and led to the Seuchenhof.

1887 was considered the nascent planned Danube Canal line of Viennese light rail on their end point at the mint to run out and after passing under the suburban line in Kleistgasse reach the slaughterhouse track.

Projected connection between the slaughterhouse and the connecting railway (1912)

In 1892 (and in city maps at least until 1946) there was a plan to merge the slaughterhouse railway into the connecting railway via an approximately 1.1 km long extension , which would have opened up both the south and the west as quickly as possible. The connecting line branching off to the north of the arsenal would have been partially underground from the Landstraßer Gürtel .

The StEG was nationalized in 1909 and taken over by the Imperial and Royal Ministry of Railways and the Imperial and Royal State Railways . The route to the central cattle market and the slaughterhouse was double-tracked even before the First World War .

Since parts of the railway were no longer needed since the closure of the Sankt Marx slaughterhouse and the central cattle market, it was dismantled in sections. For example, in 2004 in the course of Litfaßstrasse (until 1983 here: Döblerhofstrasse), a bridge over the Schlachthofbahn and the section of the route were dismantled and the street level was lowered. At the beginning of 2012, the Schlachthofbahn ended in the area of ​​Zippererstraße and was about 1.5 km shorter than originally.

Sankt Marx train station

Station building of St. Marx train station near Rennweg in 1995

The (head) station Vienna St. Marx, which was located in the area of ​​today's T-Center , was only approved for

  • the delivery and delivery of horned cattle , bristle cattle , sheep , lambs and goats in a live state as express and freight goods,
  • the collection and delivery of slaughtered and gutted pigs, calves, sheep, lambs and goats as express and freight goods with freight payment at least 5,000 kilograms for the waybill and wagon,
  • the abandonment of fertilizer from the market halls and slaughterhouses in Sankt Marx with freight payment for at least 10,000 kilograms for the waybill and wagon,
  • the delivery of horses , foals , ponies , donkeys and mules intended for slaughter as express and freight goods,
  • the delivery of the consignments of feed and grit, fodder beet, grain, hay and straw, crushed grain and peat litter arriving as freight for the municipality of Vienna, if freight is paid for at least 10,000 kilograms for the waybill and wagon.

Private companies were allowed to handle additional goods transports via the Vienna St. Marx train station, but these transports were also subject to restrictions.

  • Central livestock market : In an ordinance issued by the Mayor of Vienna on July 10, 1920, it was again stipulated for veterinary reasons that all animals intended for slaughter were only allowed to be unloaded at the slaughterhouse in Sankt Marx. In its area there were two unloading ramps for cattle with space for 50 and 30 cattle wagons and another unloading ramp for pigs with space for 20 and 10 wagons.
  • Kontumazanlage : The Kontumazmarkt of the Kontumazanlage was connected to the slaughterhouse railway with three tracks branching off from the slaughterhouse railway with their own unloading ramps as well as one parking and unloading track with their own unloading ramp.
  • Company Jacob and Valentin : The company was able to give up all kinds or accept here addressed to them truckloads with certain exceptions at the station Wien St. Marx cargo and truckloads.
  • Company Fattinger & Co: The albumin factory located at the Sankt Marx slaughterhouse was allowed to transport albumin , mineral coal, firewood, raw blood and dried blood as well as blood meal, operating materials such as oils, fats, metal sheets, empty boxes and barrels via the Vienna St. Marx train station , Raw and finished products of the kiln such as fruit pomace and similar products, bones, slag, scrap iron and similar waste materials.
  • Companies of the German-Austrian Business Association for Cattle Traffic and Slaughterhouse By-Products GmbH at the Sankt Marx slaughterhouse: Both companies transported fresh, salted and dried hides from calves, sheep and goats, fresh salted and dried casings , denatured salt and packaging via the Vienna St. Marx train station from.
  • Other companies were allowed to post general cargo and entire truckloads here, provided that the consignments came from the public customs warehouse set up in Sankt Marx .

By 1949, other companies with connections to the Schlachthausbahn were added:

  • Fattinger (animal feed)
  • International transport company
  • Kriegelstein
  • Kühlhaus AG
  • Maichle (job of scrap iron)
  • Mateyka (scrap ironing)
  • Naumann (only for giving up hides and the like, dispensing of salt)
  • Schenker & Co (only for posting slaughterhouse products)
  • Schrutz (only for giving up hides and the like, dispensing of salt)
  • Staudt (only for giving up hides and the like, dispensing of salt)
  • Unilever
  • Vacuum Oil Company
  • Viennese meat cooperative

Erdberger tow

In October 1885, the Imperial Continental Gas Association applied for a connection to the Schlachthausbahn for its Erdberg gas works . The concession for the route known as the Erdberger Schleppbahn was granted in July 1889. The operating license followed in April 1890. In order to use this towing line, the slaughterhouse railway had to be driven northeast in the direction of the Ostbahnbrücke and a junction to the northwest that was built in this direction shortly before the bridge. The route now ran upstream on the right bank of the Danube Canal, was drawn in the city map from 1899 to today's Fritz-Henkel-Gasse in the 3rd district, i.e. beyond the gas works, and was approx. 3 km long.

In 1899, the Erdberg gas works ceased operations. The tow track remained in place; Until 1917, a legal dispute between the City of Vienna and the railway administration was conducted about its removal. The stretch on the banks of the Danube Canal could have been used by the Pressburger Bahn from 1914 on , whose Viennese urban route ran directly on the bank of the canal. The southern part of the drag line to the gas works bridge over the Danube Canal still exists today.

The Simmering power plant also has a rail connection via the Schlachthausbahn.

literature

  • Albert Miorini Edler von Sebtenberg: The slaughter cattle market St. Marx in: Twenty- second annual report of the agricultural training institute "Francisco-Josephinum" in Mödling , publishing house of the agricultural training institute, 1891
  • Vienna at the beginning of the XX. Century - A guide in the technical and artistic direction, published by the Austrian Association of Engineers and Architects , first volume, published by Gerlach & Wiedling, Vienna, 1905
  • Das neue Wien, Städtewerk , published with the official cooperation of the Municipality of Vienna, Volume II, Vienna, 1927
  • Das neue Wien, Städtewerk , published with the official cooperation of the Municipality of Vienna, Volume III, Vienna, 1927

Web links

Commons : Schlachthausbahn  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Das neue Wien , Volume II, Chapter Central Cattle Market
  2. ^ Communal newspaper. The new cattle market. In:  Neue Freie Presse , Morgenblatt, No. 2446/1871, June 18, 1871, p. 8, column 1. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfp.
  3. ↑ result of the March 15, 1869 (...). In:  Wiener Zeitung , No. 61/1869, March 16, 1869, p. 865, bottom center. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / wrz.
  4. ↑ From the municipal council. In:  Fremd -Blatt , Morgen-Blatt, No. 314/1869 (XXIIIth year), November 13, 1869, p. 4, bottom left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / fdb.
  5. ^ Wiener Stadtbahn. In:  Die Presse , No. 49/1887 (XL. Year), February 19, 1887, p. 6, column 1. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / maintenance / apr.
  6. ^ Community newspaper. In:  Das Vaterland , No. 143/1892, May 23, 1892, p. 3, column 2. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / possibly.
  7. ^ Vienna at the beginning of the XX. Century (Austro-Hungarian State Railway)
  8. ↑ http://www.wien.gv.at/rk/msg/2004/1213/017.html
  9. ↑ a b c d e Station directory of the Austrian railways, valid from January 1, 1925 , Österreichische Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1924.
  10. ↑ The New Vienna , Volume II
  11. ↑ The New Vienna , Volume II
  12. ↑ Station directory of the Austrian railways - valid from March 1, 1949 , published by the General Directorate of the Austrian Federal Railways, Vienna 1948

Coordinates: 48 ° 10 ′ 56.3 "  N , 16 ° 24 ′ 58.6"  E