Slim tetra

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Slim tetra
Gold banded tetras (Nannostomus harrisoni)

Gold banded tetras ( Nannostomus harrisoni )

Systematics
Overcohort : Clupeocephala
Cohort : Otomorpha
Sub-cohort : Ostariophysi
Otophysa
Order : Tetras (Characiformes)
Family : Slim tetra
Scientific name
Lebiasinidae
Gill , 1893

The slender tetra (Lebiasinidae), also known as the injection tetra, are a family of the tetra-like order . The fish live all over South America (except in Chile ), as well as in Central America in Panama and Costa Rica . A few species are neozoa in Trinidad and Tobago . Especially the small species from the subfamily Pyrrhulininae, which is characterized by a short maxillary ( upper jaw ), are popular freshwater ornamental fish .

features

The slender fish, which are only slightly compressed at the sides, are 1.6 to 16 centimeters long. The head is usually pointed, the mouth small and overhanging . An adipose fin can be present or absent. The scales are cycloid and large. The anal fin has 8 to 14 fin rays . The dorsal fin is usually located above the pelvic fins in front of the anal fin, in the tribe Pyrrhulinini it can also be behind it. The caudal fin is short and forked, in the tribe Pyrrhulinini, the upper part is larger. The lateral line organ is reduced to a few scales, it can also be completely absent. Some genera show a sexual dimorphism , the fins of the males are elongated.

Way of life

Slim tetra live mainly in partially shaded, heavily overgrown, standing water. They are not schooling fish, but live in loose associations.

Systematics

In 2003, Marilyn Weitzman and Stanley H. Weitzman counted two subfamilies, two tribes, seven genera and 61 species to the Lebiasinidae family, with Pyrrhulina melanostoma not being considered by them. After 2003 a further 7 new species were described and new species that were not yet described were pointed out:

Black tetra
( Nannostomus eques )
Dwarf tetra ( Nannostomus marginatus )
Purple tetra
( Nannostomus mortenthaleri )
Spritzsalmler
( Copella arnoldi )
Copella sp.
Pyrrhulina sp.

Subfamily Pyrrhulininae

Three Branchiostegal rays , maxillary short.

Subfamily Lebiasininae

Four Branchiostegal rays , maxillary relatively long.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Weitzman, M., & Weitzman, SH: Family Lebiasinidae (Pencil Fishes). in Reis, RE, SO Kullander & CJ Ferraris Jr. (eds.): Check List of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America , Edipucrs 2003, ISBN 8574303615 , pp. 241-251
  2. ↑ a b Robins, CR, RM Bailey, CE Bond, JR Brooker, EA Lachner, RN Lea and WB Scott: World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada . At the. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21), 1991, p 243. quoted by fishbase.org (May 30, 2013)
  3. ↑ a b Axel Zarske: Nannostomus grandis spec. nov. - a new ornamental tetra from Brazil with comments on N. beckfordi GÜNTHER, 1872, N. anomalus STEINDACHNER, 1876 and N. aripirangensis MEINKEN, 193 (Teleostei: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae). (PDF; 1.5 MB) Vertebrate Zoology 61 (3), 2011, pp. 283-297.
  4. ↑ a b A. Zarske: Nannostomus rubrocaudatus sp. n. - a new ornamental tetra from Peru (Teleostei: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae). (PDF; 1.2 MB) Vertebrate Zoology 59 (1), 2009, pp. 11-23.
  5. ^ A b Zarske, A., & J. Géry: On the identity of Copella nattereri (Steindachner, 1876) including the description of a new species (Teleostei: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae). (PDF; 1.6 MB) Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden) 56, 2006, pp. 15–46.
  6. ↑ a b c d Netto-Ferreira, AL: Three new species of Lebiasina (Characiformes: Lebiasinidae) from the Brazilian Shield border at Serra do Cachimbo, Pará, Brazil. , Neotropical Ichthyology, 10 (3), pp. 487-498
  7. ↑ a b Ardila Rodríguez, C. A: Lebiasina narinensis, una nueva especie de pez para Colombia (Teleostei: Characiformes, Lebiasinidae). Dahlia (Revista de la Asociación Colombiana de Ictiólogos, ACICTIOS). No. 5, 2002: pp. 11-18. cited from Catalog of fishes (April 30, 2013)
  8. ↑ Axel Zarske: Copeina. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , p. 254.
  9. ↑ Marinho, MMF & Menezes, NA (2017): Taxonomic review of Copella (Characiformes: Lebiasinidae) with an identification key for the species. PLoS ONE, 12 (8): e0183069. doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0183069

Web links

Commons : Lebiasinidae  - collection of images, videos and audio files