Schleimünde
As Schleimünde ( Danish Sliminde ) is today's Pilot Island (Danish Lodsø called) that the loop of the Baltic Sea separates. Schleimünde is the location of a lighthouse and a small emergency port for pleasure craft . It belongs to the Schleswig-Flensburg district .
The peninsula is 112 hectares and barely five meters higher than the water level. In storm surges , the island is sometimes placed completely under water. A dam leads to the 14.3 meter high lighthouse (from 1871) at the southern end of the island. A little further north of this is the pilot house, three meters above the water. The pilot house is now used as a conference center for seminars. At the port of emergency for pleasure craft there is a small restaurant, "the poison booth ". Pilots and the lighthouse keeper no longer live on the island. The fire is controlled and monitored remotely from Lübeck-Travemünde . The largest part of the peninsula is now the Schleimünder nature reserve , which the Jordsand Association looks after through a bird sanctuary.
On September 20, 2008, the peninsula, which had previously been owned by the federal government , was auctioned in a public property auction by the Lighthouse Foundation , a foundation based in Hamburg.
Emergence
The beach wall landscape in the Schleim estuary has been constantly changing in shape since the last Ice Age . The area is made up of sediments that were carried away by ocean currents, especially from the Schönhagener Kliff to the south. The constant alternation of landing and erosion (during storm surges), of dune formation and regression has created one of the few still intact natural areas on the German Baltic Sea coast.
history
Originally, the peninsula was a part of the goods Olpenitz , so to Schwansen properly, and the old entrance to the Schlei was north of her. Around 1418 Holsteiners closed the Schlei entrance by sinking ten to twelve ships. When the old estuary silted up, it became necessary to build a new driveway to be built further south. After the Arnisser and Kappelner skippers had appealed to the state government for years, the actually responsible city of Schleswig was asked in 1770 to buy the piece of land north of the former fortress of Oldenburg from the owner of the Olpenitz estate at the time. The purchase was not completed until 1780, in the same year the first puncture took place at the site of today's mucous mouth, which expanded in the winter storms. The first fortification with piles was created in 1782 under the direction of the city of Schleswig. However, this did not last, and the boatmen from Arnis and Kappeln had to ask the state government for help again. Since Schleswig did not want to give any more money, a stone fortification was built between 1795 and 1796 under the direction of the newly founded Combinierte Schiffergesellschaft zu Kappeln and Arnis . A port builder came from Copenhagen for the construction. The financing was taken over by the Combinierte Schiffergesellschaft zu Kappeln und Arnis , which was allowed to collect customs duties from the passing ships. The current estuary is still based on the former system, which was later deepened and fortified. Schleimünde was cut off from the mainland Schwansen by this new waterway.
Immediately before Schleimünde in the Middle Ages there was still the place Mynnaesby or Mynnæsby (Mindesby, also: Slaesmynnae , cf. today Sliminde), which was part of the Nieharde ( Niehaereth , Danish Nyherred) in fishing and was part of the king's estate in Gelting . According to King Waldemar's earth book of 1231, Mindesby formed its own parish.
In the Middle Ages, Oldenburg Castle (Danish: Gammelborg or Gamleborg ) was located southeast of the current tench entrance and immediately next to the former village of Mindesby . The castle probably dates from the early 12th century and is said to have been founded by the then Duke of Schleswig, Knud Laward . Together with Arnis and Schwonsburg, it was part of a larger defense system to protect the important trade route on the Schlei towards Schleswig. Presumably, ships entering the Schlei paid a ship duty here, while ships departing paid this in Schleswig. The castle had a characteristic round tower and a church interior. According to tradition, the inhabitants of Höxmark ( Høgsmark ) went to church in a tower near Schleimünde. The tower is said to have also served as a prison for Christ Svendsen in 1132/1134, who took part in the revolt against King Niels Svensson on the side of Erik II . In the 19th century, when the water level was low in front of Schleimünde, the remains of a circular tower, a wall and coffins were discovered.
In 1065 near Schleimünde there is said to have been a sea battle between the nephew of King Svens Estridsen, Asmund, and Hakon Iversen.
Current situation
For a number of years now, significant sand erosion has been observed in longer stretches of beach on the peninsula to the north. Therefore, on November 30, 2019, a new citizens' initiative for coastal protection in the Schleiregion met in the Arniss town hall for an initial meeting. A petition was presented: "We call on the state government of Schleswig-Holstein to protect Schleimünde with all necessary measures and to restore its functionality in terms of flood protection and local recreation." The mayor of Kappeln, Heiko Traulsen, several Kappelner and Arniss city representatives as well as political representatives from Maasholm and the district president Ulrich Brüggemeier took part. The initiator was Philipp Zülsdorff from the association near-natural water hiking place Schleimünde.
Others
On July 2, 2020, Deutsche Post AG issued a special postage stamp worth 60 euro cents with a picture of the Schleimünde lighthouse. The stamp is part of the "Lighthouses" series. The design comes from the graphic artist Hanno Schabacker from Berlin.
Web links
- Lotseninsel Website of the Lighthouse Foundation
- Nature reserve Slime Estuary Association Jordsand
- Hans-Peter Wengel: Schleimünde (PDF)
swell
- ^ Announcement of the Schleswig-Holstein magazine of the NDR from September 20, 2008.
- ↑ Christopher Scharf: Description and history of the island and the patch of Arnis. Schleswig 1838, p. 104 f.
- ↑ Nicolaus Schmidt, Arnis 1667–2017, Germany's smallest city, Wachholtz Verlag, 2017, p. 114.
- ^ O. Nielsen: Liber Census Daniæ. Kong Valdemar the Andes Jordebog ; København 1873
- ↑ P. Lauridsen: Om Bispedømmet Slesvigs sognetal i middelalderen . In: Historisk Tidsskrift (= 5 ). tape 6 . Copenhagen 1895, p. 216 .
- ↑ Hans-Peter Wengel: Mynnaesby, the submerged village in Schleimünde
- ↑ Der Schlei Bote, December 1, 2019, “Rescue Schleimünde”: Citizens' initiative formulates petition
Coordinates: 54 ° 40 ′ 25.1 ″ N , 10 ° 2 ′ 1.5 ″ E