Cut (cutting edge)

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Scalpel blade with a visible bevel

The cut is the shape of the cutting edge of a blade or a cutting part produced by grinding or re-sharpening . The cut essentially determines the cutting properties of the cutting edge.

The different parts of the blade are not named uniformly in technical usage. Thus, the terms of the ground surface cutting , bevel , bevel and bevel often used interchangeably.

A cutting edge comprises surfaces that converge and meet at the cutting edge. Ground surfaces are called chamfers. The cutting edge can be the meeting of two bevels (two-sided bevel) or a bevel with the back of the blade (one-sided bevel). The shapes of the bevels are flat or straight, hollow or concave, or spherical or convex. There can be several chamfers with different angles per side. B. Primary and secondary bevel. The secondary bevel is often very narrow and is therefore called a micro-bevel. As a result, the edge loses its sharpness a little, but does not wear out as quickly. There is not much material to be removed to sharpen, but it is difficult to re-sharpen the correct angle of the microbevel without tools.

Most cutting parts of cutting tools are asymmetrical, e.g. the plane iron . The cutting part is usually guided at an angle to the workpiece. Some knives also have an asymmetrical cutting edge. The two different sides of the cutting edge offer different resistance to the food being cut. Compared to symmetrical knives, there is a disadvantage because the knife pulls to one side, which makes it more difficult to make a straight cut.

Knives and tools

Grinds.png
  • Symmetrical
  1. Full flat bevel on both sides, also known as a wedge or conical bevel, with a secondary bevel: The bevel begins on the back of the blade or just below it and leads at a flat angle to the secondary bevel. Often used in kitchen or hunting knives.
  2. Double-sided high flat grind with secondary bevel, also called saber grind: Similar to the full flat grind, in contrast, the high flat grind starts around the first third of the blade width. As a result, the material on the back of the blade is wider, which makes the blade heavier and more torsion-resistant.
  3. Scandinavian cut: Like full and high flat bevel on both sides, but set even deeper, somewhat in the last third of the blade. In addition, the Scandinavian cut has no secondary bevel. It can therefore be sharpened easily because the large primary bevel has to be laid flat on the grindstone, making it easier to maintain the angle.
  4. Hollow cut : The hollow cut has a very narrow cutting edge. The advantage is the extremely sharp cutting edge, which can also be re-sharpened relatively easily. The disadvantage is the poor stability of the blade; This is often counteracted by a broad back of the blade. The cut is only suitable for blades for cutting because the thin cutting edge can be destroyed when chopping or levering.
  5. Ball bevel : The ball bevel is very robust and is therefore used for axes , hatchets and knives .
  • Asymmetrical
  2. One-sided flat grinding or chisel grinding: Only ground on one side, this achieves a high degree of sharpness.
  3. One side convex, other side flat: Combines the durability of the convex cut with the ease of re-sharpening the flat cut.
  4. Asymmetrical flat grind: more stable than chisel grind, but not as sharp.
  5. One side concave (hollow ground), other side flat ground: Used in Japanese kitchen knives.

Cutting pliers

Cut with and without bevel

With cutting pliers such as diagonal cutters , a double-sided grinding, usually an asymmetrical flat grinding with a micro-bevel, increases the durability and thus the service life of the cutting edge.

Bevel-free side cutters can only be used for relatively thin and soft objects, but produce a straight cut on the wad-free side. They are particularly popular in areas where a cut is desired without applying force to the object to be cut, e.g. B .:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ron Hock: Handbook sharpening: Basics, equipment, application. Verlag HolzWerken, 2018, ISBN 978-3-86630-530-4 , p. 9. (books.google.de)
  2. ↑ a b Hans Stüdemann: Development of a method for the numerical determination of the cutting properties of knife blades. Springer-Verlag , 1956, ISBN 978-3-663-04804-6 , pp. 6-8. (books.google.de)
  3. ↑ a b Drew Langsner: The great book of chair construction: A compendium of wood craft ; Verlag HolzWerken, 2006, ISBN 3-87870-575-1 , pp. 38-39. (books.google.de)
  4. ↑ Maria Mulisch, Ulrich Welsch (ed.): Romeis - microscopic technology. Edition 18, Springer Spektrum , 2010, ISBN 978-3-8274-2254-5 , p. 121. (books.google.de)
  5. ↑ Georg Eisner: Eye surgery: Introduction to operative technology. Springer-Verlag , 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-96413-8 , p. 23. (books.google.de)
  6. ↑ a b Vic Tesolin: Simply woodworking !: The most important hand tools and clever projects for the small workshop. Verlag HolzWerken, 2017, ISBN 978-3-86630-543-4 , p. 46. (books.google.de)
  7. ^ W. Ferdinand Klingelnberg: Klingelnberg Technical Aid Book. Springer-Verlag , 1967, ISBN 3-642-88367-2 , p. 58. (books.google.de)
  8. ^ A b c d Mitch Mitchell: The Razor's Edge: The secret of a supersharp hunting knife. In: African Expedition Magazine. Volume 4, Issue 4, 2012, p. 11. (books.google.de)
  9. ↑ Joe O'Leary: Wilderness Survival Guide: The Practical Skills You Need For The Great Outdoors , Duncan Baird Publishers, 2012, ISBN 978-1-78028-235-0 , pp. 48-49. (books.google.de)
  10. ↑ Christian Gottlöber: Machining of wood and wood-based materials: Basics - Systematics - Modeling - Process design. Verlag Carl Hanser, 2014, ISBN 978-3-446-44003-6 , pp. 35–38 (books.google.de)
  11. ↑ a b c Roger Eckstine: Shooter's Bible Guide to Knives , Skyhorse Publishing, 2017, ISBN 978-1-5107-1129-7 , pp. 63-64. (books.google.de)
  12. ↑ a b c Dietmar Pohl: Tactical knives. 2nd revised edition, Motorbuch Verlag , 2003, ISBN 3-613-02149-8 , pp. 146-147.
  13. ↑ a b c Böker : Flat cut
  14. ↑ Böker : Chisel grinding
  15. ↑ Hinkel electronics: cutting edge shape and cutting performance
  16. ↑ Florian Schäffer : License to solder. In: Make: Sonderheft 2017, p. 81. (books.google.de)
  17. ↑ Knipex : cutting edge shape