Autenried Castle

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Autenried Castle
West / south front of the castle

The Castle Autenried is a grand building in Autenried in Bavaria . It was built at the beginning of the 18th century and houses the oldest and largest icon museum in Germany and a brewery inn with a hotel.

location

The castle is located in Hopfengartenweg 2 on the eastern outskirts of Autenried, a district of Ichenhausen in Swabia in Bavaria.

history

Today's castle goes back to a castle that belonged to the Augsburg bishopric . Nothing is left of the castle.

Josef Anton Eusebius von der Halden acquired the manor by marrying the widow of the previous owner Philipp Friedrich von Lapière. In 1708/11 the owner at the time, Freiherr von der Halden, had the old manor torn down. The construction costs of the castle amounted to 4508 guilders, 5 kreuzers and 5 hellers. The builder was Johann Georg Reiner from Ichenhausen. The spacious grounds give the castle a residential character.

In 1771 ownership passed to the von Lasser family. The next owners were those of Lassberg. In 1805, the new owners von Reck redesigned the facade in the classical style.

In 1959 the Orthodox Church of Germany with Bishop Boris Rothemund acquired the property and founded the Icon Museum with the Slavic Institute of the University of Munich . Today the castle belongs to the Greek Orthodox community of the Diocese of Munich, the "Orthodox Metropolis of Aquileia and Western Europe".

Icon Museum

The Icon Museum of the Slavic Institute in Munich and the Orthodox community of Autenried has been housed in Autenried Castle since 1959 . It houses around 2000 icons and 500 arts and crafts objects, making it the largest of its kind outside of the Slavic countries and Greece. The relatively small museum holdings from the 1950s were expanded in the following period through generous donations, bequests and acquisitions.

The museum holdings range from early Christianity to the present day, with the main emphasis on the 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. mostly icons and objects from the tsarist empire and from the Greek area. On display are icons and arts and crafts exhibits: goldsmith work, bronze castings, embroidery and church vestments, wood carvings, ivory work , manuscripts, as well as a special collection of old Church Slavonic prints. There is also a graphic collection of iconographic motifs comprising several thousand sheets. There are also a dozen icons with silver overlays, so-called oclades, which are richly decorated with over 1,000 pearls.

The exhibits come from the area of ​​the former Byzantine Empire , Russia, the Balkans and the Christian Orient (Ethiopia, Coptic Egypt, the Palestinian Territory, as well as Armenia and Georgia). At regular special exhibitions, objects from the magazine are shown on a regular basis, including parchment manuscripts, graphics and the like.

Scientific museum library

It is a  reference library . Collection areas are art, cultural history, theology and folklore of the Christian East as well as early Church Slavonic prints.

The basis of the books on theological and art-historical content stored in Munich by the supporting institution, the Slavic Institute e. V. Since the museum was founded, new releases of icon literature and catalogs of icon exhibitions have been purposefully purchased. An attempt was made to acquire this special collection area by buying antiquarian stocks from the 19th and first half of the 20th century. to complete. The library is adequately stocked in the subjects of art and cultural history, theology and folklore of the Orthodox countries and the Christian East. The latest literature in the field of collection is constantly being acquired; books from before 1900 are only bought occasionally.

In addition to targeted individual purchases, small holdings of books were also acquired from the estate of private libraries, dissolved Alpine parish libraries and antiquarian bookshops from secularized monastery libraries, especially editions from the 16th to 19th centuries. Central European works form the main part here. Some volumes from the private library of King Otto of Greece (1815–1867) also found their way into the library. With a total inventory of approx. 25,000 volumes including bound journal volumes, the library owns a number of manuscripts, 2 incunabula , approx. 3500 prints from the period from 1500 to 1800 and approx. 4000 titles from the 19th century

Incunabula

The incunabula are in Latin. There are around 150 titles from the 16th century, mainly in Latin. By 1700 there are around 350 titles, mainly in Latin, but also in German, French, ancient Greek and Church Slavonic. The library has around 3000 titles from the 18th century in Latin, German, English, French, Dutch, Italian, Russian, ancient Greek and Church Slavonic. The languages ​​of the approx. 4000 titles from the 19th century are the same as in the 18th century, supplemented by Chinese and Sanskrit.

Prints

The prints of the 16th century are mainly theological content or editions of the works of ancient writers. According to the printer, the earliest Russian book in the library dates from 7063 (1555 AD). It is a psalter with an appendix of liturgical texts. This book of psalms is one of the earliest Church Slavonic prints in the Tsarist Empire. (The first Russian-run printing company, Ivan Fedorov and Peter Mstislavets in Moscow, was established in 1564. Before that there was only one book printed by Russians, a gospel book made in Moscow from 1556. The few Church Slavonic works before 1564 are by Made by foreigners and partly also printed abroad.) It has some ornamental title vignettes in Renaissance forms. It is bound in a leather binding with Renaissance motifs, the spine of which was later renewed (in the 19th century?). From the late 16th century, mostly two-colored, Gospel books for liturgical use are available from the office of the Kiev Pechersk Lavra. The prints of the 17th century include theology, liturgica and history. In the 18th century, literature, philosophy, travel literature and edification books were added to this complex of topics, and in the 19th century art and cultural history. Examples are Sieur de Villefore, Les vies des SS. Peres d'occident et d'orient (Paris 1708–1711), with numerous copperplate engravings; John King, The Rites and Ceremonies of the Greek Church in Russia (London 1772), with engravings by P. Mazell. A Moscow print from 1787 contains the most extensive Church Slavonic Life of St. Nicholas to appear in print, as well as the Canon, a liturgical chant in honor of the saint. Old masters of icon research are also represented in the library, such as Nikodim Kondakov, Iconography of the Mother of God (2 vols., Russian, St. Petersburg 1911). Special collections

Graphic collection

Attached to the library is a graphic collection which includes watercolors, hand drawings, woodcuts , copperplate engravings , etchings, lithographs , steel engravings, wood engravings and early photographs. The main emphasis is on religious graphics, but there are also views of monasteries and churches, cities and landscapes from the Orthodox countries. The majority of the sheets are of occidental origin. A special area of ​​collecting are images of saints on small devotional pictures . Copper engravings of religious content from the 18th century, which have iconographically rare representations in the illustration, also form a special collection. Examples include the Biblia ectypa with 666 copper engravings by Christoph Weigel around 1700, and the Historiae Biblicae Veteris et Novi Testamenti with 100 scene-rich and detailed copper engravings by the Klauber brothers (Augsburg 1748).

church

A small Orthodox church is set up on the ground floor of the Upper Castle and is used by a parish belonging to the Orthodox metropolis of Aquileia and Western Europe, made up of Greek, German and other Christians. It is directed by Father Jakobus Puckett, the choir by Verena Buchmüller.

Lower castle

architecture

It is a three-storey hipped roof building with a four-axis central projection , classicist-looking gable, steep hipped roof, front side to the east, garden side to the west and a front length of 19 meters.

Brewery inn

The 500 year old “Niedere Schloss” was restored by the owners of the “Autenrieder” brewery in 2009 to a low-energy hotel with 26 rooms, a sauna and a steam bath. The historical building fabric was largely preserved. The Bavarian State Foundation funded the renovation and renovation. It also has a brewery museum.

Web links

Commons : Schloss Autenried  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Autenried Castle. Icon Museum Schloß Autenried, accessed on December 25, 2012 .
  2. ↑ [1]
  3. ↑ The Missa D. Ioannis Chrysostomi secundum veterem usum ecclesiae Constantinopolitanae ..., translated into Latin by Erasmus (Colmar 1540), is also an example of the library's interest in collecting.
  4. ↑ Icon Museum in Autenried Castle - a spiritual place Südwestpresse from March 24, 2016
  5. ↑ A little heaven on earth Südwestpresse from April 19, 2014
  6. ↑ Brauereigasthof Autenried website

Coordinates: 48 ° 21 '52.1 "  N , 10 ° 15' 14.6"  E