Neukirchen Castle (Ore Mountains)

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Neukirchen Castle, first construction from approx. 1545 - today gatehouse

The Castle Neukirchen is the building complex of the former manor of the church today Neukirchen / Erzgeb. Who is now the hamlet Klaffenbach the city of Chemnitz in Saxony heard and in recent years only as water Klaffenbach is known and from which the by Dietrich von Taube built in 1616 new lock part an almost unique for Saxony example of a moated castle of the Renaissance represents .

Geographical location

The palace complex is located southeast of the city center, not far from the Würschnitz and Bundesstraße 95 .

history

First documents report that there was a " permanent house " called "Warta" on the Würschnitz river before 1200 . It is assumed that this object is identical to the gatehouse of the Neukirchen Castle. This object was probably in the possession of the Lords of Waldenburg , as Hugo von Wartha was one of the founders of Waldenburg Castle and his descendants named themselves after Waldenburg.

On June 16, 1543, the financially strong Annaberg citizen and mint master Wolf Hünerkopf bought from the Saxon Elector Johann Friedrich I from the property of the secularized Benedictine monastery in Chemnitz, in addition to Burkhardtsdorf , Neukirchen and Klaffenbach for the sum of 6,000 guilders. In the first feudal letter, which Wolf Hünerkopf was issued by the new Saxon Elector Moritz through his feudal court in Dresden on May 26, 1548, it is already mentioned that Hünerkopf will be enfeoffed with a newly built courtyard and Vorwerk in Neukirchen. As was customary at the time, the yard and the Vorwerk were a man's back and Hünerkopf was obliged to perform knight services with a horse. The lending had to be renewed when the elector or the manor at the Lehnhof in Dresden changed.

Hünerkopfs Haus - today's gatehouse and the oldest part of the castle

The first pictorial representation of the knight's seat built by Hünerkopf in Neukirchen is available from the time before 1570. It shows a fortified, two-story house with half-timbered elements and a pointed turret on the stair tower. It is called Wolff Hünnerkopf's house . A second depiction, called Hunnerkop's House, dates back to around 1570. It is the current gatehouse of the castle - the oldest part of the building complex that was built before the mid-16th century.

Wolf Hünerkopf took his retirement here, where he also died in the spring of 1566 and his son Damniel Hünerkopf grew up before he was later given the job of mint master in distant Magdeburg . As a feudal heir to his father, he sold the manor he no longer needed in 1570 to the Saxon Elector August for the sum of around 26,250 guilders. His grandson, Elector Christian II of Saxony, gave the Neukirchen manor for devoted services to his governor Georg von Schönberg in 1602. Two years later, he sold the manor profitably to the hunter Paul Gröbel, who, however, could not hold it in the long term due to the lack of feudal heirs so that it again to the elector, this time Johann Georg I fell back. He left the manor to Dietrich von Taube , who was enfeoffed by the Lehnhof Dresden on November 17, 1615. In 1616 he built the new Neukirchen Castle in the middle of the pond on the manor site, which is now known as the Klaffenbach moated castle . The Neukirchen castle complex remained in the possession of the von Taube family, who had been raised to the rank of count, until 1819 and then passed into civil hands. Before that, there had been a peasant uprising here in 1790 as a result of the French Revolution , with the manor district of Neukirchen with the villages of Neukirchen / Erzgeb. , Burkhardtsdorf , Klaffenbach and Stelzendorf formed the center of the peasant unrest. The leaders of the rebels included the farmers Schmidt and Blitz from Neukirchen, who were sent to the Dresden court as representatives of the farmers and then imprisoned at the Königstein fortress .

New castle building from 1616, the moated castle

In the years 1926 and 1934, the municipality of Klaffenbach acquired the Neukirchen castle and manor complex in two stages and, as the owner, ensured that the name, which had grown over time, continued to recede. From 1935 the Klaffenbach community had the castle used for the German Reich Labor Service and from 1947 as a youth workshop for girls who were difficult to educate at the time. During this time, the buildings and grounds fell into disrepair. An extensive renovation took place between 1991 and 1995 with substantial support from European funding.

See also

literature

  • Joachim Seyffarth : Neukirchen Castle in early cartographic representations . In: Der Heimatfreund für das Erzgebirge , 14, 1969, no. 1, pp. 11-13.
  • Horst Strohbach : The peasant uprising in 1790 around the Neukirchen manor . In: Der Heimatfreund für das Erzgebirge , 14, 1969, no. 1, pp. 14-17.
  • Values ​​of our homeland: Karl-Marx-Stadt, vol. 33, Akademie-Verlag Berlin, GDR, 1979 (article: Neukirchen Castle)
  • without author: The district of Chemnitz in historical views , Geiger Verlag Horb am Neckar, 1992, ISBN 3-89264-730-5 (on the history of the districts: Klaffenbach with Schloß Neukirchen p. 116 and 119; Neukirchen p. 146 with Information about the Festive House Warta in Neukirchen)
  • Wolf-Dieter Röber: Chapter "Excursion II", In: Series of publications Heft 3 ", Museum and Art Collection Schloss Hinterglauchau, City of Glauchau, 1981, GDR, p. 30 (discussion on the location of the headquarters of the Lords of Wartha / Waldenburg at" Wartha bei Naumburg "or at" Wartha / Harthau near Neukirchen Castle in the Erzgebirge ", the Wartha Castle presumed to have been a predecessor of Neukirchen Castle according to a theory)

Web links

Commons : Schloss Klaffenbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ without author: The Chemnitz district in historical views , Geiger Verlag Horb am Neckar, 1992, ISBN 3-89264-730-5 (Neukirchen p. 146 with information on the Festes Haus Warta)
  2. ^ Joachim Seyffarth : The Neukirchen Castle in early cartographic representations . In: Der Heimatfreund für das Erzgebirge , 14, 1969, no. 1, p. 12.
  3. ↑ Horst Strohbach : The peasant uprising in 1790 around the Neukirchen manor . In: Der Heimatfreund für das Erzgebirge , 14, 1969, no. 1, pp. 14-17.

Coordinates: 50 ° 46 ′ 9 ″  N , 12 ° 53 ′ 20 ″  E