Penkun Castle

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Penkun Castle in the Alexander Duncker Collection

The Penkun Castle is a castle and manor house in Penkun in the Vorpommern-Greifswald in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern . It is located northwest of the city between the state road 283 and the castle lake and is one of the largest and oldest preserved castles in Western Pomerania.

history

Side view of the left wing

A castle near Penkun was first mentioned in writing in 1190. The griffin dukes had this expanded in the 13th century as a border castle of Pomerania against the Mark Brandenburg . In 1479, Duke Bogislaw X enfeoffed Werner von der Schulenburg with the castle and town of Penkun. Taking into account the existing parts, he had the castle built between 1484 and 1486 in the form that has been preserved to this day. Probably under the direction of Thaddäus Paglion , the castle was rebuilt in the Renaissance style between 1580 and 1590 . The property remained with the von der Schulenburg family until 1615 .

In 1614 Joachim II von der Schulenburg pledged Penkun Castle and the associated arable land to the ducal district administrator and governor of Stolpe and Verchen Henning von der Osten . With the approval of Duke Philipp Julius , Henning von der Osten bought the property in the following year for 122,333 guilders as hereditary property.

Main right wing
patio

Heinrich Carl von der Osten sold Penkun Castle in 1756 to the widow general Sophie Albertine von Hacke , a daughter of State Minister Ehrenreich Bogislaus von Creutz . August Wilhelm von der Osten bought the goods back from their descendants in 1817 for his family, which remained in their possession until they were expropriated during the land reform in 1945.

Between 1947 and 1958 the castle housed a school, boarding school and agricultural training center. In 1989 work began to secure and refurbish the dilapidated building. From 1991 to 2001 the restoration work was supported by the German Foundation for Monument Protection . The Penkun Museum Association has been organizing exhibitions on the history of the castle and the town as well as concerts in the castle since 1998. In 2008, a border and customs museum was opened in the former administrator's house . An exhibition on the judiciary in Pomerania is housed in the basement.

investment

South side

The castle is laid out as an irregular three-wing complex around a courtyard open to the northeast. It consists of three-storey plastered buildings. The elongated south wing has a gate passage with a barrel vault in the middle . The vaults of the cellar rooms date from the Middle Ages . On the ground floor there are vaults with stitch caps .

The roof of the east wing has simple triangular gables on the north and south sides . In the northeast there is an eight-sided corner tower crowned with a hood . On the ground floor there are two rooms with a square floor plan, Tuscan central columns and star vaults with stucco . The rooms on the upper floors have flat stucco ceilings. Columns are set in the window niches.

The west wing has a Renaissance portal with a triangular gable on the courtyard side. Above the portal opening there are mask heads in the spandrels , and seating niches are embedded in the walls of the portal . At the north-western end an octagonal belvedere emerges from the roof. It is finished with a tent roof. There are stucco ribbed vaults on the ground floor of the west wing . The stucco ceilings on the upper floor date from the beginning of the 17th century.

Gate and gatehouse

A wall surrounds the palace complex, which still includes buildings from the former estate, which are grouped around the farmyard to the south . Access to the castle grounds is through a gate in the east of the city, the volute gable of the gate entrance dates from 1614. The gatehouse built in 1486 is a plastered brick building with two floors. The gables are divided by arched panels. The one-storey caretaker's house, built in the 18th century, adjoins the gatehouse.

literature

  • Gerd Baier, Horst Ende , Brigitte Oltmanns , Wolfgang Rechlin: The architectural and art monuments of the GDR. Neubrandenburg district. Institute for Monument Preservation (Ed.), Henschelverlag Art and Society, Berlin 1982, pp. 264–266.
  • Haik Thomas Porada: The Penkun Castle in the past and present . In: POMMERCE. Journal of Culture and History , Vol. 39.2001, 1, pp. 15-17.

Web links

Commons : Penkun Castle  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . Part 2, Vol. 2, W. Dietze, Anklam-Berlin 1865, pp. 1401-1403 ( Google books ).
  2. ^ Foundation for Monument Protection

Coordinates: 53 ° 17 ′ 55 "  N , 14 ° 13 ′ 54.6"  E