Schmausenbuck
| Schmausenbuck | ||
|---|---|---|
 Schmausenbuckturm |
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| height | 390 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | Bavaria , Germany | |
| Mountains | Lorenzer Reichswald | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 26 '58 " N , 11 ° 8' 56" E | |
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| particularities | Schmausenbuckturm ( AT ) | |
The Schmausenbuck is an elevation (approx. 390 m above sea level ) on the eastern edge of Nuremberg in the middle of the Lorenzer Reichswald , on whose southern slope the Nuremberg Zoo has been located since May 1939 .
The entire area at Schmausenbuck and the adjacent Nuremberg zoo is designated as a landscape protection area (LSG-00536.16) and part of the Natura 2000 network and as a protected area DE6532372, Nuremberg zoo with Schmausenbuck .
history
The former Reuhelberg , consisting of several peaks, was named after the red beer brewer Georg Schmaus (1619–1682), who bought the site in 1670 from the city of Nuremberg. Until the incorporation of Brunn (407 m), the Schmausenbuck was the highest point in the Nuremberg urban area. The highest peak bears the name Gritz (from Old High German Grütz = lean forest floor). The castle sandstone obtained there served as a building material for the city until modern times. Around 1800 the old quarries were used as a natural theater and are now partially integrated into the grounds of the zoo .
In 1831 Albert Johann Cramer, the father of Theodor von Cramer-Klett , bought the Schmausenschloss and the Schmausenbuck. He had the area redesigned into a romantic amusement park with castle ruins and a hermitage. The closed park was only opened to the public on a few days a year.
A restaurant was built on the west side as early as the 18th century. The owner Fikenscher had the old tavern expanded from 1877-81 to include a modern restaurant and hotel building and a large orchestra hall and operated the facility as a summer resort and spa and entertainment venue . In 1881 the beautification association for the Schmausenbuck was founded, which laid out paths and bridges and had the 41 meter high Schmausenbuck tower built on the Gritz .
Construction of the observation tower began on May 5, 1887. He replaced the so-called ladder to heaven , a pyramid-shaped wooden frame made of tree trunks. On May 8th, 1888, the stone tower with a high, pointed tin roof was opened. It was damaged by Allied shelling in 1945 and only rebuilt in its present form in 1965 with a height of 29 meters. The listed observation tower with its observation platform at 413.87 m above sea level. NN is open every year from May to September on Sundays and public holidays from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. The amateur radio relay DB0VN (438.650 MHz) has been on the Schmausenbuck Tower since 1974 .
One of the four elevated tanks of the Nuremberg drinking water supply is also located on the Schmausenbuck. The three vaults from 1885, 1902 and 1918 with a total capacity of 70,000 m³ are housed in an earth-covered hill.
The Bund Naturschutz held annually in July, a kingdom forest festival with natural history guides on Schmausenbuck.
Sports
The Schmausenbuck is interesting for hikers and cyclists thanks to an extensive network of paths and trails. In winter there is a natural toboggan run about one kilometer long on the northern slope, depending on the snow conditions . You can boulder on the sandstone rocks of the quarry .
In recent years, some trails for mountain bikers have been set up in the area east of the Tiergarten. Some of these were built illegally, which is why they were demolished by the Bavarian State Forests in July 2020 .
To compensate for this, the city of Nuremberg and the Bavarian State Forests are now to build an official bike park on Schmausenbuck .
Geotope
The rock face has been identified by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment (LfU) as a geoscientifically valuable geotope (geotope number: 564G002).
Beech blade
The Schmausenbuck was frequently visited in the Middle Ages because of the bird hearth facilities there, which were forbidden in 1806 , and was also popular as a place of entertainment. The beech blade is located on the northeast slope of the Klingenberg. The stratified spring with very little pouring was first mentioned in 1372 on the occasion of a renovation. The spring intake with a symmetrical system and a curved sandstone staircase was renewed in 1908 and renovated in 1932 and 2000. It is designated as an architectural monument (D-5-74-465-1) by the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments . The stone fountain and spring system served as a resting place for quarry workers and day trippers. After the Thirty Years' War , the excursion traffic shifted to the front Schmausenbuck, despite several renovations to the spring catchment.
fauna and Flora
See also
- List of mountains in Bavaria
- List of landscape protection areas in the city of Nuremberg
- List of architectural monuments in non-parish areas in Bavaria # Zerzabelshofer Forst
Individual evidence
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ Natura 2000: DE6533471, Nürnberger Reichswald (accessed on June 22, 2013)
- ↑ Karin Goeckel: Illegal jumps should go. BR24, July 9, 2020, accessed August 25, 2020 .
- ^ Ute Möller: Bike Park in the Reichswald: City decides to inject money. nordbayern.de, August 21, 2020, accessed on August 25, 2020 .
- ^ Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Geotope Historic sandstone quarries at Schmausenbuck E in Nuremberg (accessed on December 16, 2017).
literature
- Helmut Beer: Schmausenbuck . In: Michael Diefenbacher , Rudolf Endres (Hrsg.): Stadtlexikon Nürnberg . 2nd, improved edition. W. Tümmels Verlag, Nuremberg 2000, ISBN 3-921590-69-8 ( online ).
Web links
- The Schmausenbuck on postcards from the 19th century
- The bird catchers of Nuremberg (report on earlier flocks of birds on the Schmausenbuck)
- Medieval sandstone mining, geology and hydrology of the Schmausenbuck
- 6533-471 Nuremberg Reichswald. (EU bird sanctuary) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation .