Schmidhausen (Beilstein)
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Schmidhausen (Beilstein)
City of Beilstein
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| Height : | 245 m |
| Area : | 8.33 km² |
| Residents : | 620 (2009) |
| Population density : | 74 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1971 |
Schmidhausen in the district of Heilbronn in northern Baden-Württemberg was once an independent municipality and was incorporated into Beilstein in 1971 , with whom it has grown together today. The hamlets of Billensbach , Gagernberg , Jettenbach , Kaisersbach , Klingen and Maad once belonged to the community of Schmidhausen .
geography
The center of Schmidhausen is a good kilometer east of the center of Beilstein on the right bank of the Schmidbach, which emerges from its valley in the Löwensteiner Mountains in a south-south-west direction and flows into the Bottwar about one and a half kilometers further down the valley . The newer settlement areas are to the west on the flat right valley slope, where the district ends at a maximum of 400 m from the stream on the Beilsteins. In the north-west rises near, but already in the Beilsteiner area, the Fohlenberg, which is made up of vineyards on its slope and has forest on its plateau.
The other places formerly belonging to the old municipality are up to four and a half kilometers away in a north-northeast to east-northeast direction on both sides of the Schmidbach valley, mostly on slopes and plateaus on both sides of the side valleys.
history
Schmidhausen probably originated as a Franconian clearing settlement at the instigation of the Franconian royal court in Ilsfeld . The expansion probably took place from the place Kratzheim, which was later abandoned. The then wooded land of the Schozachgau was developed through clearing colonization. The places in the Schmidbachtal were probably created successively up the valley, starting with Schmidhausen and ending with Etzlenswend . The clearing colonization was probably already completed before the turn of the millennium, which means that the places in the Schmidbachtal are older than today's main town Beilstein, which only became a castle hamlet in the 12th / 13th century. Century developed. From Schmidbach, further clearing expansions were made later, z. B. the hamlet of Kaisersbach , founded around 1200, or the Maad, which was probably not built until the middle of the 16th century .
The oldest written mentions of Schmidhausen date back to the 14th / 15th centuries. Century. The place was initially only called Hausen and was then renamed Schmi (e) dhausen to distinguish it from places of the same name . A forge and a grinding mill used to be located here . Ecclesiastically Schmidhausen belonged to the abandoned Kratzheim, from the 14th century to Gronau . The earliest owners of the place are Messrs Hummel von Lichtenberg, who sold Schmidhausen and his hamlet to Count Eberhard II the Greiner von Württemberg , from whom the place passed to the Lords of Urbach. Schmidhausen and its hamlets sold these in 1443 to the Count Palatine near the Rhine and thus to the County of Löwenstein . After 1510, the county of Löwenstein was a fiefdom under Württemberg sovereignty. Schmidhausen was part of the Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg line until 1611 . The Schmidhausen office was responsible for the construction and repairs of the Stocksberg hunting lodge in Löwenstein, and other compulsory labor had to be carried out in road construction. The hunting and construction crowns existed until the replacement contract of May 1, 1843.
In 1806 Schmidhausen came to the Kingdom of Württemberg through the mediatization of the County of Löwenstein . Schmidhausen first became an independent municipality in the Oberamt Backnang . In July 1809 it was assigned to the Beilstein Office and after its dissolution in 1810 to the Marbach Office . During the administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg , Schmidhausen came to the Heilbronn district in 1938 . In 1945 the municipality became part of the American zone of occupation and thus belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden , which was incorporated into the current state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952. In the years after the Second World War, the community of around 600 people took in around 150 refugees. Schmidhausen and its districts were incorporated into Beilstein on the basis of an integration agreement from January 15, 1971 to July 1, 1971. Due to the designation of large new building areas, Beilstein and Schmidhausen have now grown together to form a continuous settlement area.
badges and flags
The blazon of the former coat of arms of Schmidhausen reads: In blue two diagonally crossed silver plow knives . The municipality's flag was white and blue.
Two Schmidhausen's stain seals from 1624 and 1651 showed a split shield above a lion walking to the left (1624) and right (1651), respectively , and below two diagonally crossed hammers. An 18th century seal shows two coats of arms side by side in the form of an alliance coat of arms, in the front the lion on a mountain of three , in the rear the diagonally crossed hammers over a six-pointed star. The hammers probably go back to the place name, no special meaning has been proven for the lion and the star. These heraldic figures are no longer used in later local seals. The mayor's office seal from 1930 shows two diagonally crossed plow knives, angled by three lily-like structures, above a star. The plow knives are a reference to agriculture. In 1938, the Württemberg archive management recommended a simplification of the coat of arms and the definition of the colors. The coat of arms and flag were awarded to the community on February 22, 1963 by the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of the Interior.
Attractions
The Schmidhausen town hall was built around 1700 as a residential building. In 1753 the office of Schmidhausen acquired half of the building as the town hall. The double use as residential and town hall remained until the incorporation to Beilstein and the associated task of the town hall in 1971. Lothar Späth was employed here in 1955 as an administrative candidate.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Geography according to Geoportal Baden-Württemberg ( references ).
- ↑ Eberhard Gönner: Book of arms of the city and district of Heilbronn with a territorial history of this area . Archive Directorate Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1965 (Publications of the State Archive Administration Baden-Württemberg, 9). P. 134
literature
- Otto Rohn and Dietmar Rupp (eds.): Beilstein in past and present . City of Beilstein, Beilstein 1983
