Billensbach
Billensbach is a hamlet in the district of Heilbronn in northern Baden-Wuerttemberg , which was part of the Schmidhausen community until the community reform and with this came to the city of Beilstein in 1971 .
geography
Billensbach is located in the Löwenstein Mountains in the natural area of the Swabian-Franconian Forest Mountains on a hill in the Schmidbachtal, which drops from the northeast near Löwenstein to Schmidhausen in the southwest. The place roughly marks the middle of the cleared part of the Schmidbachtal, which extends for about seven kilometers, and is surrounded by seven other hamlets ( Gagernberg , Farnersberg , Etzlensendung , Kaisersbach , Klingen , Maad and Jettenbach ) , all of which are surrounded by forest, except for the one to the north Farnersberg are all within a closed clearing area.
history
Billensbach is one of the older clearing and forest hamlets that were founded in Schmidhausen and probably as early as the 12th / 13th. Century at the time of Mr. Hummel von Lichtenberg, who was sitting in the nearby Lichtenberg Castle . The name of the place is in older sources Bullingsbach and is probably derived from the personal name Bulling . The hamlet essentially shares the history of Schmidhausen: After the demise of the Hummel von Lichtenberg, Billensbach and Schmidhausen came to Count Eberhard the Greiner of Württemberg in the 14th century , from Württemberg to the Lords of Urbach and of these in 1443 to the Count Palatine near Rhine and thereby to the Counts of Löwenstein , who held the property from 1510 as a Württemberg man fief.
In 1559 there were eight fiefdoms in the hamlet, which shared a total of around 305 acres. Forests made up the largest share with 132 acres, followed by fields (107 acres), meadows (62 acres) and vineyards (4 acres). Although vineyards only make up a fraction of the area, there was a separate wine press for Billensbach and the neighboring hamlet of Maad in 1589. From the end of the 17th century there is a school in Billensbach. In 1753 there were 11 stoves in Billensbach, in 1810 there were 90 inhabitants.
With the implementation of the new administrative structure in the Kingdom of Württemberg , Billensbach was assigned to the Marbach Oberamt together with Schmidhausen in 1810 .
Billensbach occupies a central location among the Schmidhausen hamlets, so that some infrastructural facilities for the surrounding hamlets have been created here, including an inn with a bakery and shop. The population increased sharply at the beginning of the 19th century and reached 164 in 1839. A new schoolhouse was built in 1856, a cemetery for all Schmidhausen hamlets followed in 1876, and the school was expanded in 1886. In the late 19th century, the roads of the Schmidbachtal were paved, and from 1885 to 1887 a new road was built from the valley to the hamlet of Billensbach. After the population had dropped to 130 in 1865, it rose again to 170 by 1903, but then decreased again in the course of the 20th century. With Schmidhausen, Billensbach was incorporated into Beilstein in 1971. Billensbach had around 130 inhabitants at that time. In 1972 the Billensbach school was closed.
When the vineyards were cleared in the early 1970s, the path from Billensbach via Maad to Klingen was expanded, and in 1978 the bypass road from Prevorst to Löwenstein was laid out near Billensbach .
Religions
In contrast to Schmidhausen, which ecclesiastically belonged to Gronau , its hamlet and thus also Billensbach belonged ecclesially to Beilstein . Since the introduction of the Reformation in Württemberg in the 1530s, the population of the places has traditionally been evangelical . After church services had been held in the Billensbach schoolhouse since 1949, the Billensbach Johanneskirche was built as a separate church for the Schmidhausen hamlets in 1955/1956 . The hamlets formed an independent parish from 1962, and the church was elevated to a parish church in 1965 . The independent parish continued beyond its incorporation into Beilstein in 1971 until 2006, when it merged with the Beilstein parish to form the Beilstein-Billensbach parish.
Attractions
The modern Johanneskirche is the only new Protestant church in the Marbach district after 1945 and is famous for its artistic interior design. The old school was built in 1875 as a sandstone building. An old communal bakery has also been preserved in Billensbach .
tourism
Billensbach is located in the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park .
Personalities
Alfred Lörcher (born July 30, 1875 in Stuttgart; † March 26, 1962 there) was a German sculptor and medalist . He lived in Billensbach from 1941 to 1951.
Peter Jakob Schober (born December 13, 1897 in Gschwend, † July 22, 1983 in Bad Bleiberg) was a German painter of expressive realism. He lived in Billensbach from 1943 to 1983.
literature
- Otto Rohn and Dietmar Rupp (eds.): Beilstein in past and present . City of Beilstein, Beilstein 1983
- Historical guide Bottwartal – Marbach . Edited by the Bottwartal Historical Society. Oertel + Spörer, Reutlingen 2002, ISBN 3-88627-256-7
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 4 ' N , 9 ° 22' E