Schozach (Ilsfeld)
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Schozach
Ilsfeld municipality
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| Height : | 252 m |
| Area : | 2.2 km² |
| Residents : | 792 (Jan 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 360 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1971 |
| Postal code : | 74360 |
| Area code : | 07062 |
Schozach is a suburb of the community of Ilsfeld in the Heilbronn district in Baden-Württemberg .
geography
Schozach is east of the Schozach valley, about three kilometers northwest of the upstream Ilsfeld and about just as far from the southeast of the downstream Talheim .
history
The place was founded around the year 800 from Ilsfeld. While seven other hamlets were abandoned by the 14th century, Schozach remained next to Wüstenhausen . The place bears the same name as the Schozach river , over whose valley it lies along the Heerweg , an old long-distance route from Lauffen am Neckar to Schwäbisch Hall. Schozach was first mentioned in 1275. The earlier statement 1213 is a mistake.
The place came with Ilsfeld to Württemberg in 1368 and was subject to a Württemberg bailiff , from 1396 the Lords Sturmfeder also had great possessions and influence , who led lengthy demarcation disputes with the Duke of Württemberg as landlord over Ilsfeld with pending hamlets. The Order of St. John , the monastery in Weinsberg , the Heilbronner Deutschordenskommende and others owned the place . In 1548 the Imperial Court of Justice in Speyer rejected a Sturmfeder application for independence from Ilsfeld. The Sturmfeder then tried to make Schozach at least church independent, which was refused in 1624.
During the Thirty Years' War , the place suffered looting, destruction and the plague. In 1659 Schozach was subjected to the Württemberg customs registers, which again led to decades of disputes between Württemberg and the Sturmfeder. In the late 17th century, Brandenburg and French troops were billeted. In 1771 it was said that the place was without church and cult (school) .
In 1805 Schozach became an independent municipality in Württemberg. It originally belonged to the Oberamt Lauffen , came to the Oberamt Bietigheim in 1808 and finally to the Oberamt Besigheim in 1810 . The parish of the community was small, the Sturmfedersche Hofgut in 1841 comprised around 200 of a total of around 500 acres. After 1805 the estate manager was also mayor and teacher.
From 1829 the political community began to separate from the Sturmfeder manorial rule, first through the refusal of manorial claims such as running errands and free grape harvest, from 1839 also through the redemption of taxes and the acquisition of the farm administration's dairy for the purpose of converting it into a council and school house. In 1841 Schozach had 308 inhabitants who found their main occupation in viticulture and agriculture . Due to the prevailing poverty, many residents emigrated to America or Russia. After the revolution of 1848 the tithe was replaced and the community was entitled to various taxes, debt payments and other things that had previously been paid to the landlords. At the same time, the Baron von Sturmfeder acquired additional properties within the district using funds from the transfer fee. A schoolhouse was built in 1870 and a cemetery was laid out in 1895. In the course of the 19th century the tensions between the manor and the community eased. The former manorial estate has merged into today's Graf von Bentzel-Sturmfeder Horneck'schen Weingut .
The construction of a connecting road to Ilsfeld from 1880, the connection to the Bottwartalbahn around 1900, the construction of a water pipe in 1907 and the electrification of the place in 1911 brought great progress to the previously isolated place.
After the dissolution of the Oberamt Besigheim, Schozach came to the Heilbronn district in 1938. In 1939 there were 264 inhabitants, during and after the Second World War, in which the place was spared from bombing raids, numerous displaced persons and refugees were taken in, so that by the end of 1945 there were already 372 inhabitants. From 1939 to 1946 and again from 1954, the town was co-administered by the respective Ilsfeld mayor. The last joint mayor was Eugen Härle . On July 1, 1971, Schozach was incorporated into Ilsfeld. Since the 1960s, the place has grown significantly due to the designation of new development areas.
coat of arms
The blazon of the former coat of arms reads: In a split shield in front a blue horseshoe in gold, behind in blue two turned away golden battle axes . The battle axes are taken from the coat of arms of Messrs Sturmfeder von Oppenweiler .
Buildings
The Protestant Leonhard Church was built between 1960 and 1963 in place of the old sheep house that was demolished in 1955. It bears the name of the saint to whom the chapel mentioned in the 17th century is said to have been consecrated in the pre-Reformation period. The town hall was replaced in 1987 by a new building for the administrative office and the volunteer fire brigade , after a community hall had been inaugurated in 1984 based on plans by the architect Keppler.
Honorary citizen
- 1926: Christian Schwab (born March 18, 1843), community caretaker
- 1930: Gottlob Vogel (born April 3, 1850), Schultheiß
- 1930: Friedrich Meidinger (born June 23, 1858), estate manager
literature
- Eugen Härle: From the story of the Schozach . In: Ilsfeld in past and present. A home book for Ilsfeld, Auenstein and Schozach . Ilsfeld municipality, Ilsfeld 1989
- Otto Conrad : Schozach - a hamlet of Ilsfeld . In: Yearbook for Swabian-Franconian History . Volume 28. Heilbronn Historical Association, Heilbronn 1976. pp. 89-106
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart A 496 U 3: "Sunt autem bona, que predicte Adelhadi filie fratris mei et sanctimonialibus ante fatis libere contuli et assignavi, videlicet: in Talhein in tribus campis in quolibet quatuordecim iugera agrorum ita, quod in uno plus in alio minus, et duo iugera pratorum in IIII particulis, videlicet in Frenchelbach duas partes et aput Schozam duas partes, et in villa Talhein domum et horreum et ortum et IIII iugera et dimidium vinearum, unum in Colstein, tria et dimidium in Frenchelbach et unum iuger agri, de quo datur tertia pars frugum, et in censu duos anseres et unum pullum de quodam clivo. ”.
- ↑ Härle 1989 (p. 281)
- ↑ Communications from the Württ. And Bad. State Statistical Office No. 1: Results of the population census on December 31, 1945 in Northern Württemberg
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 450 .