Schoolhouse (Grombach)
The schoolhouse in Grombach , a district of Bad Rappenau in the Heilbronn district in northern Baden-Württemberg , was built in 1888/89. Up until 1966 there was an eight-class elementary school , then until 1974 an independent elementary school , which was then attached to the elementary and secondary school in Kirchardt and in 1984 to the primary and secondary school in Bad Rappenau. Since 1991 the elementary school in Grombach has been an independent school again.
history
Early school system in Grombach
A school in Grombach has had a schoolmaster named since 1549. At that time it was still a Protestant schoolmaster, since Grombach had become Protestant at the time of the Reformation . After several changes of local rule, Grombach, which was almost depopulated in the Thirty Years' War, became predominantly Catholic due to the settlement of Catholics by the now Catholic local rule, so that there was a Catholic schoolhouse and Catholic teachers on site. Around 1700, Grombach came back into the possession of the then Lutheran lords of Venningen , so that Protestants soon settled there again and denominational schools of both religions had existed in Grombach since the middle of the 18th century at the latest . In 1777, Carl Philipp von Venningen decreed compulsory schooling in the Venningen towns. The Catholic school was located in a community-owned building in the area of today's parish garden, which also served as the town hall until 1850 . In 1793 the Lutheran school received a new school building opposite the Gasthaus Ochsen .
Planning and construction of the school
After the transition from Grombach to Baden at the beginning of the 19th century, the school system in Grombach shared the general development of the Baden school system. The school patronage fell from the previous local masters of the state, local school supervision of the pastors on a civil control committee. In 1868 compulsory schooling was extended to eight years and in 1876 the denominational schools were combined into simultaneous schools . At that time around 120 students were taught in the Catholic school in Grombach, and around 30 students in the Protestant school, including six to eight Jews from the Jewish community of Grombach . Since the Catholic schoolhouse had barely been sufficient for a long time, it was out of the question to bring all the students together in this building. Instead, in 1887 the community and the school authorities drew up plans for a spacious new school building. The Lords of Venningen provided a plot of land near the former castle garden of Schloss Grombach for the new building, where construction work began in spring 1888. After more than a year of construction, the school was inaugurated on June 13, 1889.
In the immediate vicinity, Grombach was only the fourth place after Kirchardt , Ehrstädt and Helmstadt with a modern elementary school . The old Catholic schoolhouse was demolished in 1891 and the rectory garden of the Catholic rectory was built in its place , the Protestant schoolhouse was sold and used as a residential and commercial building for a long time before it was also demolished in favor of a new building.
In the school year 1889/90 185 pupils attended the school. Classrooms were initially only in the basement, while two teacher's apartments were set up on the upper floor. Behind the school there were several stables and barns, which, like the associated usable areas of 417 acres of arable land, 42 acres of meadows and 8 acres of garden , were cultivated by the respective main teacher . The first main teacher at the school was Albert Klippstein († 1921), who taught until 1912. He was first followed by Heinrich Geiger and, from 1933, Karl Götz. When he was drafted into the military in 1943, Maria Scheffold (1901–1990) took over the school management, which she held until 1970. The teacher, always called "Fräulein Scheffold" in the village, who stayed in one of the teacher's apartments even after she retired, wrote an extensive two-volume school chronicle.
Development of the school
After the school was built, the number of pupils soon declined, as the number of inhabitants in Grombach fell due to the emigration of residents to the industrialized cities in the surrounding area. In 1910 there were 115 students. By the end of the First World War , the number of pupils rose again to 147, but then fell to 77 by 1935.
In 1925, a two-story cooking school was built near the school on the site of the former agricultural building , the rooms of which were also used by the elementary school. After the Second World War , refugees were temporarily quartered in the school's attic. The school remained an independent elementary school after 1945. Because of the large number of refugees who had moved in, the school year 1946 reached another record of 182 pupils, and in the following years the number of pupils fell again. In 1966 there were 123 students in eight classes who were taught together in two classrooms. The Grombach general development plan from 1960 provided for the construction of a new school building with an attached sports center, but when the Grombach School became a primary school after the school reform of 1966, which meant that students from grades 5 to 8 came to the secondary school in Kirchardt, only 62 remained Students in grades 1 to 4, so that a new school building was no longer necessary. In 1967/68 the schoolhouse was extensively renovated, with one of the teacher's apartments on the upper floor being converted into a classroom. After Maria Scheffold retired in 1970, Leo Fischer took over the management of the school.
In the 1973/74 school year, 57 students attended the school. At the end of the school year, the school in Grombach was affiliated as a branch of the primary and secondary school in Kirchardt. In 1984 the school was then affiliated as a branch in Grombach to the elementary school Obergimpern / Grombach of the elementary and secondary school Bad Rappenau and pupils from Obergimpern were also taught there. In 1987 citizens' assemblies in Grombach and Obergimpern spoke out in favor of setting up their own schools again in the two districts of Rappenau. Because of the small number of students, combined lessons were initially held before 52 students from Grombach were taught in the school year 1990/91 in the Grombach schoolhouse.
In 1991 the school was raised again to an independent elementary school as the Bad Rappenau-Grombach primary school. The schoolhouse was extensively renovated on this occasion, with the last remaining teacher's apartment on the upper floor that was vacated after the death of "Fräulein Scheffold" and converted into a classroom. Carmen Göllner (* 1953), who had lived in Grombach since 1987, but had still taught at a school in Leingarten until 1991, became the headmistress . In the 2009/10 school year, 53 students attended the school.
description
The school building in Grombach is a massive two-story building with corner blocks and a hipped roof . The main facade facing south to the local road has nine axes. The portal is located in the central projectile crowned by a triangular gable . On the west facade there are two ceramic reliefs showing the Germanic gods Wotan and Freya . Friedrich Weier made the reliefs in Karlsruhe in 1888.
literature
- Arnold Scheuerbrandt: Schools in Grombach. In: City of Bad Rappenau (ed.): Grunbach uff dem Creichgöw. Bad Rappenau 2010, pp. 568–607.
Coordinates: 49 ° 13 ′ 41.6 ″ N , 9 ° 0 ′ 4.9 ″ E