Low-reacting leather blotch

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Low-reacting leather blotch
Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Russulales (Russulales)
Family : Deaf relatives (Russulaceae)
Genre : Russulas ( Russula )
Type : Low-reacting leather blotch
Scientific name
Russula sericatula
Romagn.

The weakly reacting deaf or weakly reacting leather deaf ( Russula sericatula ) is a fungus from the family of deaf relatives . It is a rare deaf, which is reminiscent of the meat-red edible deaf due to its hat color , but has a yellowish spore powder and a fine, velvety hat skin. The mild-tasting hornbeam occurs in deciduous forests mostly under hornbeams.

features

Macroscopic features

The hat is 5–10 (–13) cm wide and depressed quickly. The hat skin is dull and slightly frosted, with age it is almost velvety or fine-grained. It is removable up to 2/3. The hat is usually pink to ocher brown, lavender-wine red, violet to chocolate brown and olive green towards the center. The color is strongly reminiscent of the meat-red edible Täubling.

The lamellae are blunt or bulbous and are quite distant. When young they are ivory in color, later light ocher to yellowish. When ripe, they often have an orange tinge. The spore powder is light yellow ( IVab according to Romagnesi ).

The cylindrical and quickly hollowing stem is 4–9 cm long and 1–2 (–2.5) cm wide. It's white, but quickly turns dirty gray and wrinkled. Especially at the base it tends to become more or less yellowish-gray-blotchy or to brown.

The soft flesh is white or slightly greyish, with heavy watering it is also gray. It tastes mild and has a faint, often imperceptible odor. The guaiac reaction is strongly positive. With iron sulphate , the meat turns dirty to grayish pink.

Microscopic features

The 7–9 (–10) µm long and 6–7 (–8) µm wide spores have isolated spines up to 1.3 µm high. The pleurocystidia are up to 80 (100) µm long and 7–12 µm wide. They are spindle-shaped but not or only slightly pointed. The basidia measure 40–57 × 10–13 µm and each carry four sterigms .

The hyphal end cells of the cap skin are 2–4 (5) µm wide. They are often slightly clubbed and sinuous and basal cylindrical or somewhat expanded or puffed up. The primordial hyphae 6–7 (8) µm, more or less narrowed at the tip and usually heavily encrusted. The subcutis has convoluted, but not pseudoparenzymatic thickened elements. The juice tubes ( Laticiferen ) and Caulozystiden have a variable sulfo-benzaldehyde reaction.

Species delimitation

There are a number of very similar, milder deafblings with ocher-colored spore powder that can be found in comparable locations. Because of the very variable hat color, these are often not easy to tell apart. Particularly similar are the shiny leather deafness ( R. alutacea ), the short-stemmed leather deafness ( R. curtipes ), the red-stemmed leather deafness ( R. olivacea ) and the violet herring-deafness ( R. graveolens ). The purple herring deafness can be distinguished relatively easily by the herring odor and the blue-green iron sulfate reaction. The shiny leather blubber and red-stemmed leather blubber discolor with phenol wine-red or purple-red and can therefore also be easily distinguished. However, in order to be able to distinguish the short-stemmed leather deafblings with certainty, a microscopic examination is usually necessary, the hat skin of this deafblings is completely different.

Ecology and diffusion

European countries with evidence of finding of the weak-reacting leather blotch.
Legend:
  • Countries with found reports
  • Countries without evidence
  • no data
  • non-European countries

    • The poorly reacting leather deafblings is like all deafblings a mycorrhizal fungus that enters into a symbiotic relationship with various deciduous trees. Its most important host is the hornbeam , while red beeches and oaks are far less common .

    The Täubling therefore grows in various deciduous forests, but especially in hornbeam-oak forests on sandy to loamy and neutral to basic soils. The fruiting bodies appear between July and October. The fungus occurs from the lowlands to the lower mountains.

    The Täubling is moderately to very rare in Europe and has been found mainly in Western and Central Europe. The relatively unknown and probably also quite rare deaf bird is on the red list in the risk category RL3. In Austria the Täubling was found sporadically in Burgenland.

    Systematics

    Inquiry systematics

    The weakly reacting leather puff is the type of subsection Integroidinae , a subsection that is within the section Lilaceae . The subsection combines medium-sized deafblings with ocher or pale yellow spore powder, the flesh of which is gray or black. The meat tastes mild, but sometimes clearly spicy in the lamellae. The top layer of the hat skin ( epicutis ) contains encrusted primordial hyphae but no pileocystids .

    meaning

    The weakly reacting leather puff is edible, but should be boiled or heated thoroughly.

    literature

    • Russula sericatula. In: Russula database. CBS Fungal Biodiversity Center, accessed July 25, 2011 .
    • H. Romagnesi: Russula sericatula. In: Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord (1967). MycoBank, the Fungal website, accessed July 25, 2011 (French).

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ a b Russula sericatula. (PDF (1.4 MB)) Monographic Key to European Russulas (1988). In: The Russulales website w3.uwyo.edu. P. 93 , archived from the original on July 28, 2010 ; Retrieved July 25, 2011 (English, translation by M. Bon's Russula key).
    2. ↑ a b c German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 478.
    3. ^ Russula sericatula. (PDF DOC) Russulas. Micologia.biz Web de micología Europea, p. 147 , accessed on July 25, 2011 (Spanish).
    4. ↑ Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (Ed.): Pilze der Schweiz. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 6: Russulaceae. Milklings, deafblings. Mykologia, Luzern 2005, ISBN 3-85604-060-9 , p. 240.
    5. ^ A b W. Demon, A. Hausknecht, I. Krisai-Greilhuber: Database of Austria's mushrooms. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, 2009, accessed September 2, 2011 .
    6. ↑ Basidiomycota Checklist-Online - Russula sericatula. In: basidiochecklist.info. Retrieved October 6, 2012 .
    7. ^ Observado.org - Russula sericatula. Retrieved June 10, 2012 .
    8. ↑ Cvetomir M. Denchev, Boris Assyov: Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes in Bulgaria . In: Mycotaxon . tape 111 , 2010, ISSN  0093-4666 , p. 279–282 ( online [PDF; 578 kB ; accessed on August 31, 2011]).
    9. ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula sericatula. In: data.gbif.org. Retrieved August 21, 2011 .
    10. ↑ Mirca Zotti include: The macrofungal checklist of Liguria (Italy) . In: Mycotaxon . tape 105 , 2008, ISSN  0093-4666 , p. 167–170 ( online [PDF; 342 kB ; accessed on August 31, 2011]).
    11. ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved October 6, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wsl.ch
    12. ↑ Russula sericatula in the PilzOek database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 21, 2011 .

    Web links